Ppt

1. Circulatory
system

3. Circulation is the continuous one way
movement of the blood through the different
body part
2.Heart is a muscular organ about the size of
your clenched fist.
- Drives the blood through the blood vessels.

4. Layers of the Heart
1.Endocardium - is a thin, smooth tissue that lines the interior of the heart.
The innermost layer of the heart’s walls.
2.Myocardium – thickest layer of the cardiac muscle.
-responsible for pumping the blood through the blood vessels.
• 3.Epicardium –outer most layer of the heart wall
-covering and protecting the heart.
-connects the heart to the diaphragm and breastbone.

6. Oxygenated Blood
-a blood cell with a high proportion of oxygen and a low
amount of carbon dioxide.
Deoxygenated Blood
-blood with a reduced oxygen concentration as
compared to blood departing the lungs.

7. Chambers of heart
1.Right Atrium
Function: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body
through large veins.
Role in Circulation: Once filled, it contracts to push
blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle

8. 2.Right Ventricle
• Function: Pumps the deoxygenated blood from
the right atrium into the lungs via the pulmonary
artery.
• Role in Circulation: The blood is oxygenated in
the lungs before returning to the heart

9. 3.Left Atrium
Function: Receives oxygen-rich blood from the
lungs through the pulmonary veins.
Role in Circulation: It then sends this blood
through the mitral valve into the left ventricle

10. 4.Left Ventricle
Function: The strongest chamber, pumps oxygen-rich
blood to the rest of the body through the aorta.
Role in Circulation: It has thicker walls than the other
chambers to generate the force needed to distribute
blood throughout the entire body.

12. 3.Blood Vessels
• Blood vessels circulate blood
throughout your body. They
help deliver oxygen to vital
organs and tissues, and also
remove waste products.

13. Types of Blood Vessels
1.Arteries- These strong, muscular blood vessels carry oxygen-rich blood from
your heart to your body. This blood contains oxygen from your lungs.
• * Aorta- the largest artery.
-has the thickest wall.
• Arterioles – smallest subdivisions of the arteries.
• -with thinner walls and less elastic connective tissue.

14. 2.Veins –These blood vessels carry oxygen-poor blood
back to your heart. From there, it goes to your lungs for
more oxygen.
• 3.Capillaries –finest and smallest ,have a thinner and less elastic
walls than the arteries.
• -Your smallest blood vessels, these connect arteries and veins.
Because of their thin walls, capillaries are transfer stations for
oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide and waste.

16. Blood Circuits
• 1. Pulmonary Circuit- removes carbon dioxide from the
blood and replenishes its supply of oxygen.
• 2. Systemic Circuit- supplies nutrients and oxygen
to all tissues and collects waste materials away from the
tissue for elimination.

18. Respiratory System
•to pull in oxygen for your body’s cells and get
rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product.
•respiratory system is the organs and structures
in your body that allow you to breathe.

20. Respiration – is a gas exchange process by which oxygen is obtained
from the environment delivered to the cells and carbon dioxide gas is
transported and removed from the body.
• Process of Respiration
• 1.Breathing – the exchange of air between the atmosphere and the air
sacs of the lungs.
• *Inspiration (Inhalation)- oxygen passes into the cells lining the inside of
the lungs.
• *Expiration( Exhalation)- carbon dioxide passes from the lungs cells into
the environment.

21. 2. Diffusion- the transfer of oxygen
and carbon dioxide across respiratory
membranes.
• 3. Transport of Gases –oxygen is carried
into the cells and carbon dioxide is delivered from
the cells to the lungs for release.

22. Parts of the
ppirespiratory
System and their
Function

23. Nasal Cavities
• (nose) is the best entrance for
outside air into your respiratory
system. The hairs that line the
inside wall are part of the air-
cleansing system.

24. epiglottis
• a small flap of tissue that
closes when you swallow
to prevent food from
entering your trachea
(windpipe)

25. PHARYNX
• (throat) collects incoming air from your
nose and passes it downward to your
trachea (windpipe).
• is a muscular tube in the middle of your
neck. It helps you to breathe and digest
food.

26. LARYNX
•(voice box) contains your
vocal cords. When moving air
is breathed in and out, it
creates voice sounds.

27. Trachea
• (windpipe) is the passage
leading from your pharynx
to the lungs.

28. Bronchi
• are large tubes that air travels down to
get to your lungs.
• work as passageways that carry air to and
from your lungs. As you breathe and your
lungs expand, your bronchi distribute the
air within your lungs.

29. Lungs
• network of organs and tissues
that allow you to breathe.
• lungs make oxygen available to
your body and remove other
gases, such as carbon dioxide,
from your body

30. Right lung
• The lung on your right side is divided
into three lobes: the superior, the middle
and the inferior. It’s shorter than your left
lung, but also wider than your left lung.
Both of your lungs are covered with a
protective covering called pleural tissue.

31. Left lung
• Your left lung has two lobes: the
superior and the interior. Your
left lung is smaller than the right

32. Bronchioles
•
A tiny branch
of air tubes in
the lungs.

33. Alveoli
• are the very small air sacs that are the
destination of air that you breathe in.
• are microscopic balloon-shaped
structures located at the end of the
respiratory tree. They expand during
inhalation

34. Cardiovascular
and Respiratory
Diseases

36. Cardiovascular Diseases
• 1. Atherosclerosis- occurs when the wall of an artery becomes
thicker and less elastic due to the build up of fatty materials under the
inner lining of the arterial wall.

37. 2.Hypertension –chronic elevation of blood pressure.
-occur undetected and may result in potentially fatal complications such as
a heart attack or stroke
- “silent killer”

38. Respiratory Diseases
• 1. Asthma -

39. Bronchitis

40. Cystic fibros

41. Emphysema

42. Lung Cancer

43. Pulmonary Fibrosis