another sample of presentation of paint

1. Nanocoatings
Noraiham Mohamad, PhD
Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering,
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

3. What is coating?
 A coating is a covering that is applied to the surface of
an object, usually referred to as the substrate.
 In many cases coatings are applied to improve surface
properties of the substrate, such as appearance,
adhesion, wettability, corrosion resistance, wear
resistance, and scratch resistance.
 In other cases, in particular in printing processes and
semiconductor device fabrication (where the substrate
is a wafer), the coating forms an essential part of the
finished product.

4. Coating
 Coatings are usually applied as multi-layered systems
that are composed of primer and topcoat. However, in
some cases – for example automotive coating systems,
this may vary from four to six layers.
 Each coating layer is applied to perform certain specific
functions, though its activities are influenced by the
other layers in the system.
 The interactions among different layers and the
interfacial phenomenon play an important role in the
overall performance of the multi-coat systems

5. Type of coating
 Inorganic Coating- Coating with silicate based
materials (eg.- zinc silicate based coating) or
metal/ceramic based coating (hard coating of
Chromium, TiN, Si3N4, alumina etc.)
 Organic Coating- Coating with organic
binders (organic based materials- eg. Zinc
epoxy based coating, zinc rich phenoxy, etc.)

6. Inorganic Coating
 Silicone (polysiloxane) hard coatings are finishes of superior
abrasion resistance and inertness to hostile chemical and
environmental conditions.
 They consist of several monomers and other ingredients, and the
makeup of the formulations varies from manufacturer to
manufacturer.
 Among the highly varied components are monomeric silanes,
dimerized silanes, silane hydrozylates, silaceous materials,
leveling agents, flow control agents, cross-linking agents, and
catalysts of various types.
 Silicone coatings are solvent-borne coatings. Some of the
possible solvents are alcohols and glycol ethers. This includes
such alcohols as isopropanol, propanol, ethanol, n-butanol,
isobutanol, and methanol.

7. Inorganic Coating
 Polysiloxane coatings are applicable to many substrates,
but the majority of applications are on nonmetallic
surfaces, especially plastics.
 Silicone coatings can be dyed or pigmented, but for the
most part these coatings are used as clear top coatings.
 They have excellent light transmission and actually
improve the optical properties of the material that is
coated.
 Some of the plastics that are used with polysiloxane
coatings are polycarbonate, acrylic, polyarylate,
polysulfone, vinyls, nylons, polyester, cellulose acetate,
cellulose acetate-butyrate, and polyolefins, etc.

8. Inorganic Coating
 Hard silicone coatings are useful as antifog,
antistatic photochromic, color-dyed, pigmented,
UV absorbing, UV stabilized for exterior exposure,
chemical resistance, 5-min curing, and tinted
coatings.
 Many of these properties can be combined in one
coating.
 The coatings are used in such diverse areas as
the automotive, electronic, computer hardware,
architectural and architectural glazing, recreation,
sporting goods, protective eyewear, safety, and
optical industries.

9. Organic Coating
 Organic coatings are essentially pigment dispersed in a
solution of a binding medium.
 Binding medium or resin - decide the basic physical
and chemical properties of the coating but these will be
modified by the nature and proportion of pigments
present.
 Sole function of volatile component -to control the
viscosity of the paint for ease of manufacture and for
subsequent application.
 Not possible to forecast -what combination of
properties a particular formulation will possess and the
formulation of paints for specific purpose remain very
much a technological art.

10. Nanomaterials in Coating
 The appearance and appliance of
nanomaterials brings new opportunities to the
coating industry.
 Addition of nano-materials to the coatings
improves the properties of the conventional
coatings and produces new multi-functional
coating due to their tiny particle size.

11. Category of Coating
 Coatings are mainly applied on surfaces for
decorative, protective or functional purposes,
but in most cases it is a combination of these.
 3 category:
 Decorative Coating
 Functional coating
 Self-Assembled Nanophase Coating

12. Functional coating
 Functional coatings- systems which possess, besides the
classical properties of a coating (i.e., decoration and
protection), an additional functionality
 This additional functionality may be diverse, and depend
upon the actual application of a coated substrate.
 Typical examples of functional coatings are:
 self-cleaning
 easy-to clean (anti-graffiti)
 antifouling
 soft feel
 antibacterial

13. Functional coating
 Typical expectations of functional coatings
include:
 durability
 reproducibility
 easy application and cost effectiveness
 tailored surface morphology
 environmental friendliness

14. Functional coating
 Functional coatings perform by means of physical,
chemical, mechanical, thermal and properties.
 Chemically active functional coatings perform their
activities either at
 film–substrate interfaces (anticorrosive coatings),
 in the bulk of the film (fire-retardant or intumescent
coatings), or
 at air–film interfaces (antibacterial, self-cleaning)

15. Coating Techniques

18. Processing for Inorganic Coating
& Hard Coating

28. Processing for Organic Coating

31. Sol-Gel Coating (Organic or
Inorganic)

38. Nanoparticles in Sol-Gel
 Possible to increase the coating thickness, without
increasing the sintering temperature.
 Eg. Electrophoreticdeposition of commercial SiO sol on
AISI 304 stainless steel substrates leads to coatings as
thick as 5 mm with good corrosion resistance
 Incorporation of nanoparticles in the hybrid sol–gel
systems increases the corrosion protection properties
due to lower porosity and lower cracking potential
 Can be a way to insert corrosion inhibitors, preparing
inhibitor nano reservoirs for self repairing pretreatments
with controlled release properties

39. Example of Nanoparticles in Sol-
Gel
 Studies showed that sol–gel films containing zirconia
nanoparticles present improved barrier properties.
 Doping this hybrid nanostructured sol–gel coating with
cerium nitrate brings additional improvement to
corrosion protection.
 Zirconia particles present in the sol–gel matrix act as
nano reservoirs providing a prolonged release of the
cerium ions
 The recent discovery of a method of forming
functionalized silica nanoparticles in situ in an aqueous
sol–gel process, and then cross linking the
nanoparticles to form a thin film

40. Coating Applications