CHALLENGES TO REVENUE STAFF KERALA

1. Challenges faced
by Revenue Dept.1st Its name

2. Socio-cultural-economic.......
• Land is both a cultural and an economic asset.
• Now it is not a revenue collecting agency,but
mainly a service provider to public

3. BOUNDARY
• Boundary Disputes causes WAR between
countries
• Boundary Disputes causes RIOT between
states
• Boundary Disputes causes ANGER between
persons
• The Last RESULT will be the same.......
• ..................LOSS OF LIFE...........

4. Not only revenue...but,
• 1.LAND ADMINISTRATION
• 2.LAND REVENUE
• 3.PUBLIC SERVICES
• 4.DISASTER MANAGEMENT

5. 1.LAND ADMINISTRATION
• OUTDATED RECORDS
• RESURVEY PROBLEMS
• Inefficient e-land
• Ignorance of i-land
• Incomplete Databank of govt.lands
• Doubtful Data bank of wet and paddy lands
• Register of Fair and Unfair value

6. 2.LAND REVENUE
• Manual paper receipt system
• Absence of Digital receipt system
• Complexity of Building Tax Assessment
• Renewal of Lease problems
• Improper PlantationTax Assessment
• Problems faced in R R collections

7. 3.PUBLIC SERVICES
• Issueing of various certificates
• Lack of Time,vehicle etc to enquire the
appln.
• Many oddout circulars
• Lowest monetary limits
• Complexity of Non creamy layer
certificate
• Other undefined works by village
officials

8. 4.DISASTER MANAGEMENT
• Lack of Training
• Absence of co ordination
• Lack of Advance Fund
• Lazyness
• Low awareness

9. Primary Objectives of L .A .S
• An important government activity of all nation states is
building and maintaining a land administration system
(LAS) with the primary objectives of-
• (1) delivering sustainable development, particularly by
supporting an efficient and effective land market. This
includes -
• (i)cadastral surveys to identify and subdivide land,
• (ii) land registry systems to support simple land trading
(buying, selling, mortgaging and leasing land) and
• (iii) land information systems to facilitate access to the
relevant information, increasingly through an Internet
enabled e-government environment.

10. i-Land vision; 5 concepts-
• 1.Information---Government’s basic activities
are organized and linked to a
location.Businesses,people,transactions and
processes are linked to the land and building
where they take place.

11. i-Land vision;
• 2. Interactive– Government and citizens have
open access to land information and use it ffor
personal and governmental decision making.
• 3.Integration–
Activities,standards,laws,processes and
information of government,private sector and
citizens are integrated

12. i-Land vision;
• 4.Internet and Tools—
• Spatial technologies viz,GIS,Web mapping
services,GPS are used to record,integrate and
provide acesses to spatial information and
services
• 5.Institutions—Land spatial information is
used ubiqutously across government
departments and private sector

13. i-Land vision;
• The e-land administration concept as part of e-government
initiatives is now being replaced by iLand – a new vision for
spatially enabled land information. Land information,
together with a jurisdiction’s spatial data infrastructure
(SDI), now has the potential to transform the way a modern
society functions: how tax is collected, how heath services
are delivered, how the environment and our cities are
managed, how we respond to emergencies and terrorism,
and how elections are run. Linked to these transformational
technologies, such as Google Earth and Microsoft’s Virtual
Earth, or to location enabled platforms, land information
has the potential for spatially enabling governments and
societies in ways never imagined.

14. i-Land vision;
• The challenge now rests with land
administration administrators around the
world to capitalize on the opportunities
provided by LAS, new technologies, modern
land markets, iLand and SDIs to better deliver
sustainable development.

15. Technical evolution of land administration
• 1970 1980 1990 2005 2010
Manual
systems
Hard copy
Maps and
Indexes
Digital
Cadastal Data
Bases and
Indexes
Online Land
Administration
Web
enablement
e-land
Administration
interoperaabili
ty
iLand Spatially
Enabled
Government
and Private
Sector

16. From e-land to i land
• The e-Land administration concept as part of
eGovernment initiatives is now moving to a
wider use of spatially enabled land
information, expressed in the concept of iLand
- integrated, interactive spatial information
available on the Internet.

17. Spatial Data Infrastructure
• The SDI concept, together with web
enablement, stimulated the integration of
different data sets (and particularly the
natural and built environmental data sets)
with these integrated data sets now
considered critical infrastructure for any
nation state.

18. • Developing effective land administration
systems is challenging.
• It requires financial resources and trained
personnel, both of which are in short supply

19. Land administration
• Land administration includes:
• (1)the allocation of rights to land;
• (2) the setting of land boundaries;
• (3)the transfer of land rights through sale, lease,
loan, gift or inheritance;
• (4)and the adjudication of land disputes.
• It includes enforcement of land-use regulations
and land valuation. Land administration can be
applied through formal (statutory) or informal
(customary) land tenure rules.

20. L.A .problems
• Inadequate land administration can lead to
problems. Without effective land registries—
which provide a record of deeds or title
documents—land parcels can be allocated to
multiple people, resulting in conflict and
insecure tenure. Without effective conflict
resolution mechanisms, disputes can escalate
into civil unrest and can turn violent. And
without effective land-use planning, land will
not be put to its most efficient uses.

21. Good L Admn
• Good land administration creates
• accurate, accessible, interoperable,
• timely, secure, and complete information
about land ;
• and an affordable and efficient way that
promotes confidence between the
Public,Business, and Government.

23. CADASTRE
• The original meaning of the term cadastre has been
extended to include a variety of land records, with the land
parcel, lot, or plot at the heart of the systems. For example:
• 1.Fiscal cadastre, a register of properties recording their
value.
• 2. Juridical cadastre, a register of parcels of land according
to their ownership or use rights.
• 3.Land-use cadastre, a register of land use based on
individual parcels.
• 4. Multipurpose cadastre, a register that includes many
attributes of land parcels and addresses the wide range of
issues

24. Basic tax=Land Tax
• A land- and property-based tax is cheap to
administer, transparent, hard to avoid, and
imposes political accountability at the local
level. In many countries, taxes on land and
property provide a significant source of
revenue for local government, accounting, in
some cases, for as much as 40 percent of all
subnational tax revenue.

25. INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION
TECNOLOGY IN LAND ADMINISTRATION
• ICT is an umbrella term that encompasses all forms of
computing, information technology, Internet, and
telecommunications.
• global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)
• such as the Global Positioning System (GPS);
measuring equipment such as total stations and
electronic theodolites;
• Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR),
• Digital aerial photography,
• and Satellite data acquisition systems
• and imagery processing; GIS;

26. DB management systems
• land data records management systems built
on relational database management systems,
workflow management systems; wide and
local area networks; wireless technology;
data storage systems, including data
warehouses and Data as a Service on the
Internet; and web services delivered by
Internet.

27. Time Line of Survey
• Manual Land Traditional Surveying and data capture 1970
• Internal data capture and computerization DBMS/DRMS
1980
• Internet-based information services 1990
• Transactions with customers over Internet 2000
• Interoperability with other government agencies (e-
gov/NSDI) 2005
• Web and mobile-phonebased services and e-transactions
with customers and suppliers Scanning and digital records
management Total stations GNSS High-resolution satellite
imagery and digital aerial photos Open data sources 2010

28. WORKING CONDITIONS
• (The unavoidable, externally imposed
conditions under which the work must be
performed and which create hardship for the
incumbent including the frequency and
duration of occurrence of physical demands,
environmental
conditions,demandsonone’ssenses and metal
demands.)

29. Physical Demands
• (The nature of physical effort leading to
physical fatigue) The Land Administration
Officer will have to spend long hours sitting
and using office equipment and computers,
which can cause muscle strain. The Land
Administration Officer may also have to do
some light lifting of supplies and materials
from time to time. .

30. Environmental Conditions
• (The nature of adverse environmental conditions
affecting the incumbent) The Land Administration
Officer may have to manage a number of projects
at one time, and may be interrupted frequently
to meet the needs and requests of residents,
clients and contractors. The Land Administration
Officer may find the environment to be busy,
noisy and will need excellent organizational and
time and stress management skills to complete
the required tasks.

31. Sensory Demands
• (The nature of demands on the incumbent’s
senses) Sensory demands include use of the
computer, which may cause eyestrain and
occasional headaches. The municipal office
may be noisy and busy making it difficult for
the Land Administration Officer to concentrat

32. Mental Demands
• (Conditions that may lead to mental or
emotional fatigue) Significant stress is caused
by the need to reject applications for land use.
Stress may be caused by the need to complete
tasks within tight deadlines.

33. Rising populations and Land Reforms
• Rising populations have put pressure on
dwindling land resources, leading to
widespread deforestation, land degradation,
and landlessness. Various land reform
interventions have been attempted, with
limited success.

34. Technical Arrangements.
• The critical technical issues are the relatively
low level of technology and the low skill levels
of staff, coupled with the perception that the
lack of access to technology is at the heart of
most land administration problems.

35. Technical Failures
• In reality, incorrectly conceived and applied
technology is likely to be a much more serious
problem.
• Underestimating the need for appropriate
human-resource training and development
programs, and for the expansion of programs
across the private sector or industry, is
another critical technical issue.

36. Complex chain of officials
• A parallel issue is the failure to delegate
responsibility to an appropriate lower level of
competence. The convoluted whose
signatures are required, in many jurisdictions,
to approve many routine functions in the land
administration process, adds to transaction
time and expense, increases backlogs, and
discourages participation in the formal system

37. • FAIR Value Estimation within weeks