1. CH099A Kutai/Neumann Name: __________________________
Nomenclature
Draw the “staircase” which separates metals from non-metals.
Is hydrogen a metal or non-metal?
Identifying the Type of Compound:
I. Ionic: cation bonded to anion. The cation is usually a metal* ion, but can also by NH4+.
a. Metal* ion + nonmetal ion: K2S
b. Metal* ion + polyatomic ion: Ca(NO3)2
II. Molecular (aka covalent) contain 2 different nonmetals: nonmetal + nonmetal
a. Binary molecular compounds: CO2
b. Hydrocarbons contain carbon + hydrogen
i. Alkanes have the formula of C2H2n+2 : C2H6 which is ethane
c. Acid chemical formulae usually begin with H: HBr or H2SO4. Carboxylic acids can be written with H at the
beginning or the end: HC2H3O2 or CH3COOH are both ways to write acetic acid.
Practice: Identify the category of compound as
ionic molecular hydrocarbon (acid)
H2S lithium carbonate
FeCl3 acetic acid
C5H12 dinitrogen pentasulfide
P2O5 butane
HNO3 magnesium chloride
SrSO4 sulfuric acid
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2. I. Ionic Compounds:
A. From chemical formula to chemical name
The cation name is identical to the element name: Ca is the element calcium; Ca2+ is the _____________________ion.
The anion name is the elemental name with the elemental ending substituted by “ide”: Cl is the element chlorine; Cl− is
the _____________________________ion.
Supply the charges for the ions and name them. Remember to use “ion” in the name.
N O F
P S Cl
As Se Br
Li Te I
Name the compound
KCl BaI2
Ca3P2 RbF
Cs2S SrO
Name the compound
LiClO Be(NO3)2
Mg3(PO4)2 FrNO2
Na2SO3 RaCO3
B. From chemical name to chemical formula. Count the charges because all compounds are electrically neutral.
Elements Ion Symbols Formula (remember cation Chemical Name
comes 1st)
sodium and bromine
calcium and oxygen
fluorine and magnesium
nitrogen and barium
Elements Ion Symbols Formula (remember cation Chemical Name
comes 1st)
potassium and sulfate
calcium and nitrite
ammonium and sulfide
aluminum and oxalate
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3. Writing Formulae
Cl− CO32− OH− SO42− PO43− NO3−
Na+
NH4+
K+
Ca2+
Mg2+
Zn2+
Fe3+
Al3+
H+
C. Naming Ionic Compounds Containing Multivalent Metals
Most transition and post-transition metals are capable of multiple oxidation states (see bottom of polyatomic ion sheet).
The stock naming system uses Roman numerals to to identify the charge (or oxidation state) of the metal.
Fe2+ is the iron (II) ion; Fe3+ is the iron (III) ion. FeCl3 is iron (III) chloride.
Zn, Ag, Cd, Sc, and Y are only capable of a single oxidation state; therefore, the stock naming system is not used.
Ions of Hg are Hg22+, which is the mercury (I) ion, and Hg2+, which is the mercury (II) ion.
Name these compounds using the stock naming system, if necessry
CrO ZnCl2
CrCO3 PbSO4
FeO Hg(ClO3)2
Fe3(PO4)2 AgNO3
NiBr2 Cu2SO4
PbO2 SnCO3
CuBr2 PbSO3
FeO Hg(ClO3)2
Fe3(PO4)2 Ag3PO3
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4. II. Molecular Compounds — prefixes are listed on the polyatomic ion sheet. Vowel combinations of “ao” and “oo” are
not written—eliminate the last vowel associated with the prefix. Other vowel combinations are allowed.
A. Binary Compounds
Name the Compounds
CO2
N2O5
PCl4
ClO2
SO3 How do you know this is NOT the sulfite ion?
Cl2O7
BrI3
Write the Formulae
carbon monoxide
nitrogen dioxide
diphosphorous pentoxide
trinitrogen dichloride
Dinitrogen tetrachloride
B. Acid Formulae
1. Non-oxy Acids “hydro__________________ic acid”
Element Anion Formula Name
F F− HF Hydrofluoric acid
Cl
Br
I
S
P
CN−
2. Oxy-Acids NO HYDRO. Acids containing –ite ions: “________ous acid” [like tonsillitis]
Acids containing –ate ions: “_________ic acid” [if you ate an acid, it would
be icky]
Remember to indicate the correct number of hydrogen ions using subscripts to obtain neutral compounds
Anion Formula Name Anion Formula Name
NO2− NO3−
SO32− SO42−
PO33− PO43−
ClO− ClO3−
ClO2− ClO4−
AsO43− C2H3O2−
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