Cell Membrane.ppt
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The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that surrounds the cell. It functions to control what enters and exits the cell to maintain homeostasis and provides protection. The phospholipids form a lipid bilayer with hydrophilic phosphate heads and hydrophobic fatty acid tails. Proteins are embedded in the membrane. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing passive diffusion of small molecules and facilitated diffusion of larger molecules through transport proteins. Active transport uses ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
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Cellular transport
1. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This structure allows cell membranes to be selectively permeable and control what enters and exits the cell.
2. There are two types of cellular transport: passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration. In a hypotonic solution, cells will swell and burst. In a hypertonic solution, cells will shrink.
Cell transport notes
1. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This structure allows cell membranes to be selectively permeable and control what enters and exits the cell.
2. There are two main types of cellular transport - passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower concentration. In a hypotonic solution, cells will gain water and swell. In a hypertonic solution, cells will lose water and shrink.
Cell transport notes
The document summarizes cellular transport and the structure and function of the cell membrane. It discusses that the cell membrane is a lipid bilayer with proteins that controls what enters and exits the cell. It describes three types of passive transport - diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis - which move molecules from areas of high to low concentration without cell energy usage. Three types of active transport are also outlined - protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis - which move molecules against a concentration gradient and require energy. The effects of hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions on cells through osmosis are explained.
Cell Transport and The Plasma Membrane
1. Cell membranes are phospholipid bilayers with embedded proteins that control what enters and exits the cell to maintain homeostasis.
2. There are two types of cellular transport - passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which uses ATP. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis.
3. The movement of water and solutes into and out of cells depends on the solution's tonicity - hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell via osmosis, hypertonic solutions cause shrinking, and isotonic solutions do not change cell volume. Organisms have various mechanisms
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The document provides information about the basic structures and functions of plant and animal cells. It describes the key components of the cell and their roles, including the cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, plastids, vacuoles, and centrioles. It also compares the structures of plant and animal cells and explains various processes involved in cell transport, such as diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
Cell transport notes 2006
Cell membranes are selectively permeable due to their lipid bilayer structure. This allows different types of transport across the membrane, including passive transport via diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport also occurs and requires energy as it transports molecules against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. The movement of water in and out of cells is especially important and depends on whether the external solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic. Organisms have various mechanisms to regulate osmotic pressure and transport of molecules across membranes.
Biology lecture 2
1. The document discusses cellular transport, including the structure of the cell membrane and different types of transport processes.
2. There are two main types of cellular transport - passive transport, which doesn't require energy, and active transport, which does. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Active transport uses energy and can move molecules against a concentration gradient, using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. The effects of osmosis on cells in hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions are also explained.
Module 5, lesson 1 cell transport power point 1
The document summarizes key concepts about cellular transport. It describes the structure and functions of the cell membrane, including the lipid bilayer and proteins. It then explains the three main types of transport - passive (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis), active (protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis). Passive transport moves molecules down a concentration gradient without energy, while active transport moves molecules against a gradient by using cellular energy.
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Cellular transport
1. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This structure allows cell membranes to be selectively permeable and control what enters and exits the cell.
2. There are two types of cellular transport: passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration. In a hypotonic solution, cells will swell and burst. In a hypertonic solution, cells will shrink.
Cell transport notes
1. Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. This structure allows cell membranes to be selectively permeable and control what enters and exits the cell.
2. There are two main types of cellular transport - passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which does require energy. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to lower concentration. In a hypotonic solution, cells will gain water and swell. In a hypertonic solution, cells will lose water and shrink.
Cell transport notes
The document summarizes cellular transport and the structure and function of the cell membrane. It discusses that the cell membrane is a lipid bilayer with proteins that controls what enters and exits the cell. It describes three types of passive transport - diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis - which move molecules from areas of high to low concentration without cell energy usage. Three types of active transport are also outlined - protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis - which move molecules against a concentration gradient and require energy. The effects of hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions on cells through osmosis are explained.
Cell Transport and The Plasma Membrane
1. Cell membranes are phospholipid bilayers with embedded proteins that control what enters and exits the cell to maintain homeostasis.
2. There are two types of cellular transport - passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which uses ATP. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport moves molecules against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis.
3. The movement of water and solutes into and out of cells depends on the solution's tonicity - hypotonic solutions cause cells to swell via osmosis, hypertonic solutions cause shrinking, and isotonic solutions do not change cell volume. Organisms have various mechanisms
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The document provides information about the basic structures and functions of plant and animal cells. It describes the key components of the cell and their roles, including the cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, plastids, vacuoles, and centrioles. It also compares the structures of plant and animal cells and explains various processes involved in cell transport, such as diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
Cell transport notes 2006
Cell membranes are selectively permeable due to their lipid bilayer structure. This allows different types of transport across the membrane, including passive transport via diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport also occurs and requires energy as it transports molecules against a concentration gradient using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. The movement of water in and out of cells is especially important and depends on whether the external solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic. Organisms have various mechanisms to regulate osmotic pressure and transport of molecules across membranes.
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1. The document discusses cellular transport, including the structure of the cell membrane and different types of transport processes.
2. There are two main types of cellular transport - passive transport, which doesn't require energy, and active transport, which does. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Active transport uses energy and can move molecules against a concentration gradient, using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. The effects of osmosis on cells in hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions are also explained.
Module 5, lesson 1 cell transport power point 1
The document summarizes key concepts about cellular transport. It describes the structure and functions of the cell membrane, including the lipid bilayer and proteins. It then explains the three main types of transport - passive (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis), active (protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis). Passive transport moves molecules down a concentration gradient without energy, while active transport moves molecules against a gradient by using cellular energy.
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The plasma membrane surrounds and protects the cell, and is made up of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It regulates what passes in and out of the cell through diffusion, channels, carriers, and active transport. The cytoplasm contains organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and mitochondria that carry out specialized functions. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs protein synthesis. Together, these structures and transport mechanisms allow the cell to maintain homeostasis and carry out its functions.
Cell transport notes (supplement)
The document summarizes key concepts about cellular transport:
1. Cell membranes are selectively permeable and use passive and active transport to regulate what enters and exits cells. Passive transport uses diffusion or facilitated diffusion and requires no energy.
2. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy. It includes protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
3. Osmosis is passive transport of water through membranes. It causes cells to swell or shrink depending if the solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic relative to the cell. Organisms use various mechanisms to regulate osmotic balance.
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The document summarizes the structure and functions of the cell membrane. It discusses that the cell membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It selectively controls the movement of substances in and out of cells using both passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and facilitated diffusion, as well as active transport processes that require cellular energy. The different types of cellular transport mechanisms allow cells to maintain homeostasis.
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The document discusses several key functions and properties of cell membranes:
- It describes how the fluidity of membranes allows for lateral movement of lipids and proteins, and is influenced by temperature and fatty acid composition.
- The major functions of cell membranes are to regulate passage of substances, detect chemical messengers, link adjacent cells, and anchor cells.
- Transport across membranes can occur through passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion using channel proteins, or active transport using carrier proteins that require ATP.
- Membranes also allow vesicular transport of larger molecules via endocytosis and exocytosis.
- Osmosis allows for diffusion of water across membranes down its concentration gradient. Tonicity refers to cell volume changes in different solutions.
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The cell membrane separates the components of a cell from its environment and regulates what passes in and out through passive and active transport. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and moves particles from high to low concentration without energy. Active transport requires energy to move particles from low to high concentration against the gradient. Some cells also have a cell wall providing structure and protection to plant, fungi, and bacteria cells.
Cellulartransportpowerpoint
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Cell transport involves the movement of materials into and out of cells via the cell membrane. There are two main types of transport - active transport which requires energy, and passive transport which does not. Passive transport includes diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration areas. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across membranes, moving from high to low water concentration. Facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins to transport molecules across membranes.
Biochapter7notes 151125141750-lva1-app6892
Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of phospholipids and proteins that allow selective permeability. The fluid mosaic model proposes that membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins embedded within. Membrane proteins carry out critical functions like transport, signaling, and cell recognition through mechanisms like passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and cotransport.
Biochapter7notes 151125141750-lva1-app6892
Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of phospholipids and proteins that allow selective permeability. The fluid mosaic model proposed by Singer and Nicolson describes membranes as a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded within. Membrane proteins carry out important functions like transport, signaling, and enzymatic activity through mechanisms like passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and cotransport.
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The document discusses the structure and functions of the cell membrane, including how it maintains homeostasis by controlling the movement of substances via passive transport mechanisms like diffusion and osmosis, as well as active transport processes like the sodium-potassium pump that transports ions against their concentration gradients using ATP as an energy source. Key components of the membrane include phospholipids, cholesterol, and integral and peripheral proteins that serve important roles like acting as receptors, enzymes, and transporters.
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The plasma membrane surrounds and protects the cell, and is made up of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. It regulates what passes in and out of the cell through diffusion, channels, carriers, and active transport. The cytoplasm contains organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and mitochondria that carry out specialized functions. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs protein synthesis. Together, these structures and transport mechanisms allow the cell to maintain homeostasis and carry out its functions.
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The document summarizes key concepts about cellular transport:
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2. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy. It includes protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
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Biochapter7notes 151125141750-lva1-app6892
Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of phospholipids and proteins that allow selective permeability. The fluid mosaic model proposes that membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins embedded within. Membrane proteins carry out critical functions like transport, signaling, and cell recognition through mechanisms like passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and cotransport.
Biochapter7notes 151125141750-lva1-app6892
Cellular membranes are fluid mosaics of phospholipids and proteins that allow selective permeability. The fluid mosaic model proposed by Singer and Nicolson describes membranes as a phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded within. Membrane proteins carry out important functions like transport, signaling, and enzymatic activity through mechanisms like passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and cotransport.
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- 2. About Cell Membranes 1. All cells have a cell membrane 2.Functions: a.Controls what enters and exits the cell to maintain an internal balance called homeostasis b.Provides protection and support for the cell TEM (Transmission electron microscopy) picture of a real cell membrane.
- 3. 3.Structure of cell membrane Lipid Bilayer -2 layers of phospholipids a.Phosphate head is polar (water loving-hydrophillic) b.Fatty acid tails non-polar (water fearing- hydrophobic) c.Proteins embedded in membrane About Cell Membranes (continued) Phospholipid Lipid Bilayer
- 5. Proteins Membrane movement animation Polar heads Non-polar tails Carbohydrate cell markers Fluid Mosaic Model of the cell membrane
- 6. What is the other name for the Cell Membrane? • Fluid Mosaic Model
- 7. • 4. Cell membranes have pores (holes) in it a.Selectively permeable: Allows some molecules in and keeps other molecules out b.The structure helps it be selective! About Cell Membranes (continued) Pores
- 8. Outside of cell Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Lipid Bilayer Proteins Transport Protein Phospholipids Carbohydrate chains Structure of the Cell Membrane
- 9. Cell Transport • Cells need to: – Take in things they need – Get rid of the things they don’t need – Communicate with one another • Two main types – Passive Transport – Active Transport
- 10. Passive Transport • The movement of materials across the cell membrane without using energy • Caused by concentration gradient • Works in both directions • Three types: – Diffusion – Facilitated diffusion – Osmosis
- 11. Diffusion • The process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration, to areas of low concentration (Moving across the concentration gradient) • No energy is required • When the molecules are even throughout a space - it is called EQUILIBRIUM
- 12. Diffusion across a membrane • Permeable – membrane through which molecules can pass • Move from high concentrations to low until equilibrium is reached • Small, uncharged particles (oxygen, carbon dioxide, most lipids) • No energy required
- 13. Facilitated Diffusion • Molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special protein channels • NO ADDITIONAL ENERGY NEEDED
- 14. Facilitated Diffusion • Ions & large molecules (Cl- and glucose) • Protein channels (“carriers”) • Specific for each ion/molecule
- 15. Osmosis • Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane down its concentration gradient • From an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration
- 16. Osmotic Solutions • Isotonic- concentrations of solute and solvent are equal • Hypertonic- higher concentration of solutes • Hypotonic- lower concentration of solutes •
- 17. Osmotic Pressure The pressure required to prevent the passage of water through a semi- permeable membrane from a region of low concentration of solutes to one of higher concentration, by osmosis. Cell walls create this pressure this prevents plant cells from breaking
- 19. Active Transport • Movement against a concentration gradient • Requires Energy (ATP) • Allows for stockpiling • One direction • Types: – Molecular Transport (Protein Pumps) – Bulk Transport (Endocytosis and Exocytosis)
- 20. Endocytosis The process by which cells absorb material (molecules such as proteins) from outside the cell by engulfing it with their cell membrane • Two Types – Pinocytosis – Phagocytosis
- 21. Pinocytosis • Movement of liquids into the cell
- 22. Phagocytosis • movement of solids into the cell
- 23. Exocytosis A cellular process where cells eject waste products or chemical transmitters (such as hormones) from the interior of the cell. • Exocytosis is similar in function to Endocytosis but works in the opposite direction.