9. SLAB
Temporary splint
USES
Initial stages of fracture treatment & during
first aid
Immobilise the limb postoperatively & in
infections
It is made up of half by pop & half by bandage
roll, hence can accommodate the swelling in the
initial stages of fracture
10. CASTS
• Pop roll completely encircles the limb
Definitive form of fracture treatment &
corrects deformities
• 3 methods
Skin tight cast-cast is directly applied over
the skin. can cause pressure sores. Difficult to
remove as hair may be incorporated into the
cast.
11. Bologna cast-cotton padding is applied to
the limb before putting the cast
Three tier cast-stockinette is used first over
which cotton padding is done before applying
the pop cast.
14. RULES OF APPLICATION OF POP CASTS
• Correct size-8 in for thigh, 6 in for leg,
4 in for forearm
• Joint above & joint below should be
included
• Should be moulded with palm & not
with fingers for fear of indentation.
15. • Joint should be immobilized in functional
position.
• Plaster should be just fit & should not be
too tight or too loose.
• Uniform thickness of plaster is preferred.
16.
17. Position of Immobilization
Elbow: 90 degree of flexion
Wrist: 30 degree of extension
Thumb: midway between
maximal radial and palmar
abduction
Hand: intrinsic plus (MCP joints
in at least 70 degree of flexion
and IP joints in extension)
20. Lower limbs
Hip:
10-30 degree of abduction
20-45 degree of flexion
15 degree of external rotation
Knee: 15-30 degree of flexion
Ankle: Neutral dorsiflexion
21. STAGES OF PLASTERING
• Application of pop slab
Cast setting stage-change of pop to gypsum.
Time taken to form a rigid dressing after
contact with water
• Set wet cast
• Cast drying by evaporation of excess water
22. COMPLICATIONS OF POP
Due to tight fit
Pain
Pressure sore
Compartment syndrome
Peripheral nerve injuries
Cast syndrome
23. COMPLICATIONS OF POP
• Due to improper application
Joint stiffness
Plaster blisters & sores
Breakage
• Due to plaster allergy
Allergic dermatitis