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A Clockwork Orange is a 1971 art film adaptation of Anthony Burgess's 1962 novella A
Clockwork Orange. It was written, directed and produced by Stanley Kubrick. It features
disturbing, violent images, facilitating its social commentary on psychiatry, youth gangs,
and other social, political, and economic subjects in a dystopian, future Britain.
Certificate: 18
Plot: Protagonist Alex is an "ultraviolent" youth in futuristic Britain. As with all
luck, his eventually runs out and he's arrested and convicted of murder and
rape. While in prison, Alex learns of an experimental program in which convicts
are programed to detest violence. If he goes through the program his sentence
will be reduced and he will be back on the streets sooner than expected.
"Cured" of his hooliganism and released, he is rejected by his friends and
relatives. Eventually nearly dying, he becomes a major embarrassment for the
government, who arrange to cure him of his cure.
No cuts were made to Clockwork Orange.
These reports of
Controversy?                                                     ‘copycat’ violence led
There was a strong body of press and public opinion that the     to Kubrick
criminal and anti-social actions of the film's main character,   withdrawing the film
Alex, would be copied by young people, inspired by his           from circulation in the
charismatic example to break the law. There were reports in      UK despite the fact
the papers suggesting that some attacks now occurring were       the BBFC at no time
inspired by the film. However, no such behaviour by
                                                                 rejected the film -
anyone over the age of 18 was ever reliably established
as being related to the film.                                    although this is a
                                                                 common
                                                                 misconception - and
                                                                 it continued to be
                                                                 available throughout
                                                                 much of the rest of
                                                                 the world. Threats
                                                                 were also made to
                                                                 the safety of him and
                                                                 his family and so that
                                                                 also contributed to
                                                                 his decision to
                                                                 withdraw the film.
Juno won the Academy Award            Plot: Juno is a comedy drama about a streetwise 16
for Best Original Screenplay and      year old girl who gets pregnant and decides to give
earned three other Oscar              the baby up for adoption.
nominations, including Best           Certificate: 12A
Picture and Best Actress for          It was submitted to the BBFC with a PG request. The key
Page. Juno earned back its            classification issues in the work are infrequent strong
initial budget of $6.5 million in     language, moderate sex references and brief sight of a gory
twenty days, the first nineteen       scene from an old horror movie The Wizard Of Gore (rated
of which were when the film was       18). Examiners also discussed the film’s tone, likely appeal
in limited release. It went on to     and audience, and the treatment of the theme of teenage
                                      pregnancy. Though strong language is not permitted at PG,
earn $231 million. Juno
                                      the BBFC Guidelines do allow for infrequent uses of strong
received positive reviews from        language at 12A. Two uses in a feature length work were
critics, many of whom placed          considered ‘infrequent’. The one sex scene in the film is very
the film on their top ten lists for   brief and discreet with the act itself only implied – as
the year.                             allowable by BBFC Guidelines at 12A.
The Juno Effect
In 2008, after 17 students under sixteen years of age at a
Gloucester, Massachusetts high school became pregnant, Time
magazine called it the "Juno Effect” and stated that some adults
accused films such as Juno and Knocked Up for glamorizing
teenage pregnancy. Kristelle Miller, an Adolescent Psychology
Professor at University of Minnesota-Duluth stated that “The
'Juno effect' is how media glamorizes pregnancy".

A cinema trailer for Juno, which cut together some of the film‟s
highlights including some comic sex references, a passing
mention of hard drugs and sight of a character giving another
„the finger‟, caused some complaints during its theatrical release
– as it was played before children‟s film.

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Case Studies

  • 1.
  • 2. A Clockwork Orange is a 1971 art film adaptation of Anthony Burgess's 1962 novella A Clockwork Orange. It was written, directed and produced by Stanley Kubrick. It features disturbing, violent images, facilitating its social commentary on psychiatry, youth gangs, and other social, political, and economic subjects in a dystopian, future Britain. Certificate: 18 Plot: Protagonist Alex is an "ultraviolent" youth in futuristic Britain. As with all luck, his eventually runs out and he's arrested and convicted of murder and rape. While in prison, Alex learns of an experimental program in which convicts are programed to detest violence. If he goes through the program his sentence will be reduced and he will be back on the streets sooner than expected. "Cured" of his hooliganism and released, he is rejected by his friends and relatives. Eventually nearly dying, he becomes a major embarrassment for the government, who arrange to cure him of his cure. No cuts were made to Clockwork Orange.
  • 3. These reports of Controversy? ‘copycat’ violence led There was a strong body of press and public opinion that the to Kubrick criminal and anti-social actions of the film's main character, withdrawing the film Alex, would be copied by young people, inspired by his from circulation in the charismatic example to break the law. There were reports in UK despite the fact the papers suggesting that some attacks now occurring were the BBFC at no time inspired by the film. However, no such behaviour by rejected the film - anyone over the age of 18 was ever reliably established as being related to the film. although this is a common misconception - and it continued to be available throughout much of the rest of the world. Threats were also made to the safety of him and his family and so that also contributed to his decision to withdraw the film.
  • 4.
  • 5. Juno won the Academy Award Plot: Juno is a comedy drama about a streetwise 16 for Best Original Screenplay and year old girl who gets pregnant and decides to give earned three other Oscar the baby up for adoption. nominations, including Best Certificate: 12A Picture and Best Actress for It was submitted to the BBFC with a PG request. The key Page. Juno earned back its classification issues in the work are infrequent strong initial budget of $6.5 million in language, moderate sex references and brief sight of a gory twenty days, the first nineteen scene from an old horror movie The Wizard Of Gore (rated of which were when the film was 18). Examiners also discussed the film’s tone, likely appeal in limited release. It went on to and audience, and the treatment of the theme of teenage pregnancy. Though strong language is not permitted at PG, earn $231 million. Juno the BBFC Guidelines do allow for infrequent uses of strong received positive reviews from language at 12A. Two uses in a feature length work were critics, many of whom placed considered ‘infrequent’. The one sex scene in the film is very the film on their top ten lists for brief and discreet with the act itself only implied – as the year. allowable by BBFC Guidelines at 12A.
  • 6. The Juno Effect In 2008, after 17 students under sixteen years of age at a Gloucester, Massachusetts high school became pregnant, Time magazine called it the "Juno Effect” and stated that some adults accused films such as Juno and Knocked Up for glamorizing teenage pregnancy. Kristelle Miller, an Adolescent Psychology Professor at University of Minnesota-Duluth stated that “The 'Juno effect' is how media glamorizes pregnancy". A cinema trailer for Juno, which cut together some of the film‟s highlights including some comic sex references, a passing mention of hard drugs and sight of a character giving another „the finger‟, caused some complaints during its theatrical release – as it was played before children‟s film.