Canada has a highly developed economy that is dominated by the service industry. It has a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state. Canada has a long border with the US and relies heavily on trade. It values multiculturalism and its culture draws from British, French and indigenous influences.
NAFTA(North American Free Trade Agreement)sajal789
this is regarding NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT ITS MEMBERS NATIONS AND HOW IT HAS HELPED THE NATIONS TO COMPETE IN THE WORLD WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
The document provides an overview of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It discusses that NAFTA created a trade bloc between the US, Canada, and Mexico in 1994 to eliminate trade barriers and promote free trade. While NAFTA increased trade flows between the countries, it failed to meaningfully address issues like migration and differences in education and wages between members. The document also examines cultural differences between member countries and impacts of NAFTA on sectors like agriculture.
NAFTA is a trade agreement between the US, Canada, and Mexico that went into effect in 1994. It aims to reduce tariffs between the countries over 15 years. Since NAFTA, trade between the countries has increased dramatically, though the US trade deficit with Mexico and Canada has also increased substantially. NAFTA benefits include increased household income and GDP, though its impact is debated.
The document discusses the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement and argues that it undermines democracy and workers' rights. It asserts that the TPP would allow corporations to challenge laws and regulations through dispute resolution tribunals. Additionally, it claims the TPP sets rules on many non-trade issues and would force downward harmonization of policies like food safety standards. The document encourages resistance to the TPP's passage.
This document discusses the benefits of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) for American businesses and exports. It outlines key objectives such as eliminating tariffs to increase market access for American goods in TPP countries. The TPP would boost exports of American agricultural products, manufactured goods, and automotive parts by removing barriers. It also aims to open up government procurement contracts which represent 5-10% of economies. Specific sectors that would benefit include automobiles, agriculture, and poultry exports to countries like Vietnam, Japan, and Malaysia. Overall, the TPP seeks to increase American competitiveness through $1.8 trillion in existing trade and an estimated $124 billion in additional exports annually.
The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a trade agreement between 12 countries that aims to expand regional trade. It includes the US, Australia, Canada, Japan and others, representing 40% of global GDP. The TPP would eliminate tariffs and harmonize regulations to facilitate more trade and investment. However, critics argue it could undermine environmental and labor standards while allowing corporations to challenge national laws. The document details concerns around intellectual property rules, lack of transparency in negotiations, and granting more power to enforce corporate interests over public policy decisions.
NAFTA(North American Free Trade Agreement)sajal789
this is regarding NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT ITS MEMBERS NATIONS AND HOW IT HAS HELPED THE NATIONS TO COMPETE IN THE WORLD WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
The document provides an overview of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It discusses that NAFTA created a trade bloc between the US, Canada, and Mexico in 1994 to eliminate trade barriers and promote free trade. While NAFTA increased trade flows between the countries, it failed to meaningfully address issues like migration and differences in education and wages between members. The document also examines cultural differences between member countries and impacts of NAFTA on sectors like agriculture.
NAFTA is a trade agreement between the US, Canada, and Mexico that went into effect in 1994. It aims to reduce tariffs between the countries over 15 years. Since NAFTA, trade between the countries has increased dramatically, though the US trade deficit with Mexico and Canada has also increased substantially. NAFTA benefits include increased household income and GDP, though its impact is debated.
The document discusses the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement and argues that it undermines democracy and workers' rights. It asserts that the TPP would allow corporations to challenge laws and regulations through dispute resolution tribunals. Additionally, it claims the TPP sets rules on many non-trade issues and would force downward harmonization of policies like food safety standards. The document encourages resistance to the TPP's passage.
This document discusses the benefits of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) for American businesses and exports. It outlines key objectives such as eliminating tariffs to increase market access for American goods in TPP countries. The TPP would boost exports of American agricultural products, manufactured goods, and automotive parts by removing barriers. It also aims to open up government procurement contracts which represent 5-10% of economies. Specific sectors that would benefit include automobiles, agriculture, and poultry exports to countries like Vietnam, Japan, and Malaysia. Overall, the TPP seeks to increase American competitiveness through $1.8 trillion in existing trade and an estimated $124 billion in additional exports annually.
The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a trade agreement between 12 countries that aims to expand regional trade. It includes the US, Australia, Canada, Japan and others, representing 40% of global GDP. The TPP would eliminate tariffs and harmonize regulations to facilitate more trade and investment. However, critics argue it could undermine environmental and labor standards while allowing corporations to challenge national laws. The document details concerns around intellectual property rules, lack of transparency in negotiations, and granting more power to enforce corporate interests over public policy decisions.
Trans Pacific Partnership (tpp) and Canada september 2017paul young cpa, cga
The document summarizes key aspects of the Trans Pacific Partnership agreement from Canada's perspective in September 2017. It provides background on the author and an overview of why trade deals are important in reducing barriers and stimulating economic growth. It then discusses specific issues like the impact on wages, exports from Canada, countries involved in the TPP, and issues with certain trade controls. The summary focuses on the main topics and does not include all details from the lengthy document.
1. Three significant transition happened in Mexico
I. Replacing a primarily agricultural based economy to an industrial based economy.
II. Shift from closed economy to an open economy.
III. Increasing private ownership and reducing public ownership throughout the economy.
2. Mexico Current Status
I. Unemployment 5.18%
II. Inflation 4.15%
III. 14th largest nominal GDP
3. Trade
I. Trade is mostly done with the United States.
II. Imports: Machines and Industrial equipment.
III. Exports: Agricultural and manufactured goods
IV. FDI in telecommunication and energy.
4. Trade Openness and Protectionism Today
I. Experienced huge trade liberalization from 1989 to 2000
a. Widening the gap between rural and urban area.
b. Diverse effect on wage rate
c. Reduced poverty by about 3%; bringing 3 million individuals out of poverty.
5. FDI and Migration Policies
I. One of Mexico’s main points in writing the NAFTA agreement is that an increase of FDI will decrease Mexican immigration to other countries.
II. On average doubling of FDI will lead to 1.5 – 2% decrease in migration.
III. Mexico doubled FDI from 2012 to 2013 with nearly 35.2 Billion.
6. Changes in Mexico’s Trade and FDI
I. Past
II. Present
7. Causation
I. Market Structures - Liberalization and privatization of various industries
II. Technologies - Have improved infrastructure immensely over the past 20 years
III. Political Factors - Cartels have distorted the influence of their judicial system.
8. International Engagement
I. Free trade Agreements (FTA) have been one of the primary reasons behind Mexico’s recent economic growth and emergence as a low supplier of goods.
II. NAFTA - Increase trade and FDI between Mexico and the US
This document analyzes Brazil's political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental (PESTLE) factors. It discusses Brazil's inflation rates and monetary policies, infrastructure investment programs, corruption issues, and economic growth forecasts. It also examines Brazil's exports, imports, foreign investment, industries, credit ratings, education levels, research and development spending, taxation system, business regulations, and environmental protection policies. The document provides an overview of key macroeconomic, social, and political factors affecting Brazil's business environment.
The document discusses regional integration in the Caribbean islands. It outlines the factors promoting regional integration such as similar histories, cultures, and goals. Several organizations were formed to foster regional integration, including Caricom. Benefits of regional integration and free trade include a larger variety of goods, improved quality of life, and increased cooperation. However, factors like different economic policies and currencies can hinder integration. Problems facing the Caribbean include high unemployment and not producing enough goods for export.
Free trade areas (FTAs) are agreements between countries to reduce or eliminate tariffs and other trade barriers on most goods and services traded between the member countries. FTAs have increased rapidly since the second half of the 20th century as countries seek to exploit comparative advantages and expand export markets. The largest FTA is the European Union, which began with 6 countries and has expanded to 15 members, 11 of which use the euro. Other major FTAs include NAFTA between the US, Canada, and Mexico, as well as agreements being negotiated for the Asia-Pacific region and South America. While FTAs provide economic benefits, they also face opposition from those concerned about loss of domestic jobs or unfair competitive advantages between members and
Chile has experienced significant economic changes over the past several decades. During Allende's presidency in the 1970s, the economy struggled with high inflation and deficits due to nationalization and price controls. Pinochet implemented stabilization policies in the 1970s-1980s that reduced inflation but also imposed austerity measures. Chile experienced a major crisis in 1982 when Mexico defaulted on loans, causing capital flight from Chile. The economy has grown since the 1990s, achieving low inflation and fiscal responsibility, but faces challenges in developing industries beyond mining to achieve sustainable growth. Recommendations include improving domestic demand, related industries, education, and bilateral trade to strengthen Chile's competitive advantages.
The document discusses the history and goals of regional integration in the Caribbean through CARICOM. It outlines previous attempts at integration through the British West Indies Federation in 1958 and CARIFTA in 1965. CARICOM was established in 1973 to promote political, economic, and functional cooperation among Caribbean countries. Its main objectives are improving economic development through free trade and coordinating policies across member states.
This document discusses Chile's economic history and reforms from the 1970s to the 1990s. It provides background on Chile's profile, including its mineral wealth and population. It then summarizes Chile's economic struggles under Allende in the early 1970s, the initial reforms under Pinochet from 1973-1982 focused on stabilization, structural reforms and social policies. It discusses the 1982 crisis and subsequent reforms, as well as Chile's continued economic growth in the 1990s under a democratic government. Finally, it analyzes Chile's options of joining either NAFTA or Mercosur regional trade blocs.
The document discusses concepts related to regional integration such as common markets, free trade areas, and economic integration. It outlines the purposes of regional integration including developing human resources, improving education and health standards, and helping businesses thrive through policies like free trade and movement of labor. It also summarizes the functions of organizations that promote regional integration in the Caribbean like the OECS Secretariat, CARICOM Secretariat, and objectives of CARICOM and the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME).
Venezuela is located in northern South America with a population of 29 million people. It has the world's largest proven oil reserves and oil exports account for most of its GDP. However, the economy is overly dependent on oil and subject to volatility in oil prices. Business opportunities exist in oil/gas, construction, food processing, and other industries, but the business environment also faces challenges like high inflation, crime, and strained foreign relations.
Canada is located in northern North America, bordering the United States to the south and stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. It has a parliamentary democracy and a population of over 36 million people. The major industries are manufacturing, services, energy, and agriculture. Canada has two official languages (English and French), ten provinces, and three territories.
This document list and briefly describe SOME key terms and concept that are important for students sitting the CSEC Social Studies exam to know and understand. It is by no means exhausted and additional terms can be loaded to compliment this one.
Canada's involvement in trans-pacific trade partnershipnikita kozlov
Canada's involvement in trans-pacific trade partnership. Presentation. Information was taken from special book about Canada in Trans-Pacific Trade Partnership...
Mexico has a population of 118.4 million people and a GDP of $1.8 trillion with modest growth rates. It has a diversified economy transitioning from agriculture and commodities to manufacturing and services. Mexico has free trade agreements with the US and Canada, with the US being its largest trading partner by far. Recent presidential reforms have aimed to strengthen Mexico's economy through measures like labor market reforms, tax reforms, and allowing foreign investment in the energy sector. While corruption and cartel violence remain issues, the document recommends investing in Mexico given recent structural reforms that have improved its economic outlook.
This document provides an economic analysis and overview of Mexico presented by Group 8. It discusses Mexico's economic timeline from the 1930s to present, highlighting periods of growth and crisis. It also covers Mexico's country overview, impact of NAFTA, key macroeconomic indicators like GDP, and current challenges facing Mexico's economy like corruption and slow reform. The analysis aims to present Mexico's economic development and performance over time as well as ongoing issues.
Regional Analysis: Latin america & CaribbeanBushra Ahmed
This document provides an overview of Latin America and the Caribbean region across political, economic, social and technological factors. Politically, most countries have republic systems with written constitutions, and there has been a shift toward more democratic governance. Economically, the region has seen GDP growth around 2.6% annually but there is high inequality. Socially, the population is aging while literacy and life expectancy have increased. Technological access to electricity, internet and mobile phones has also expanded significantly across the region in recent decades.
Government Relations - Federal and Provincial - Canada - September 2018paul young cpa, cga
Part of building a strong unions means that all levels of govt need to get along.
Too many govt are pushing their own social agenda which has caused rifts at all levels of govt.
This 3-page document provides a summary of the risks associated with investing in Brazil. It analyzes Brazil's political and social stability, economic growth prospects, domestic financial stability, external competitiveness, debt servicing capacity, and balance of payments sustainability. Overall, the document finds that Brazil has moderate to low political and economic risks. Its growing economy, prudent fiscal policies, and sustainable external accounts point to a stable investment environment despite some risks from a highly appreciated currency.
This document provides information on Brazil's history, geography, people, and culture. It discusses key points such as Portugal colonizing Brazil in 1500 and it gaining independence in 1822. It was a profitable slave trade destination, receiving 35% of Atlantic slaves. The largest country and population in South America, Brazil varies greatly in climate and ecosystem. While Portuguese is the main language, the people are highly diverse with influences from indigenous, Portuguese, Italian, and African groups. Carnival is a famous cultural celebration highlighting the country's rich folklore and music.
Economic integration and levels of integrationMahadi Hasan
The document discusses different levels of economic integration globally, including free trade areas, customs unions, common markets, economic unions, and political unions. It provides examples for each type of integration, such as NAFTA for a free trade area and the European Union as both an economic and political union. The highest level of integration is a political union, where members subordinate national political interests to a multistate organization.
Canada has a strong economy as one of the top 10 largest in the world. It has a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy government with the Prime Minister as head. Canada faces some environmental challenges like air pollution and climate change. It also has a highly educated population but faces some skilled worker shortages that its immigration system aims to address. Technology is an important growing sector for its economy and society.
Curriculum PowerPoint
matches 5th and 6th-grade standards. First-person resources
copyright of Global Ties Akron Know Your Community Know Your World
know-your-world.org
Trans Pacific Partnership (tpp) and Canada september 2017paul young cpa, cga
The document summarizes key aspects of the Trans Pacific Partnership agreement from Canada's perspective in September 2017. It provides background on the author and an overview of why trade deals are important in reducing barriers and stimulating economic growth. It then discusses specific issues like the impact on wages, exports from Canada, countries involved in the TPP, and issues with certain trade controls. The summary focuses on the main topics and does not include all details from the lengthy document.
1. Three significant transition happened in Mexico
I. Replacing a primarily agricultural based economy to an industrial based economy.
II. Shift from closed economy to an open economy.
III. Increasing private ownership and reducing public ownership throughout the economy.
2. Mexico Current Status
I. Unemployment 5.18%
II. Inflation 4.15%
III. 14th largest nominal GDP
3. Trade
I. Trade is mostly done with the United States.
II. Imports: Machines and Industrial equipment.
III. Exports: Agricultural and manufactured goods
IV. FDI in telecommunication and energy.
4. Trade Openness and Protectionism Today
I. Experienced huge trade liberalization from 1989 to 2000
a. Widening the gap between rural and urban area.
b. Diverse effect on wage rate
c. Reduced poverty by about 3%; bringing 3 million individuals out of poverty.
5. FDI and Migration Policies
I. One of Mexico’s main points in writing the NAFTA agreement is that an increase of FDI will decrease Mexican immigration to other countries.
II. On average doubling of FDI will lead to 1.5 – 2% decrease in migration.
III. Mexico doubled FDI from 2012 to 2013 with nearly 35.2 Billion.
6. Changes in Mexico’s Trade and FDI
I. Past
II. Present
7. Causation
I. Market Structures - Liberalization and privatization of various industries
II. Technologies - Have improved infrastructure immensely over the past 20 years
III. Political Factors - Cartels have distorted the influence of their judicial system.
8. International Engagement
I. Free trade Agreements (FTA) have been one of the primary reasons behind Mexico’s recent economic growth and emergence as a low supplier of goods.
II. NAFTA - Increase trade and FDI between Mexico and the US
This document analyzes Brazil's political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental (PESTLE) factors. It discusses Brazil's inflation rates and monetary policies, infrastructure investment programs, corruption issues, and economic growth forecasts. It also examines Brazil's exports, imports, foreign investment, industries, credit ratings, education levels, research and development spending, taxation system, business regulations, and environmental protection policies. The document provides an overview of key macroeconomic, social, and political factors affecting Brazil's business environment.
The document discusses regional integration in the Caribbean islands. It outlines the factors promoting regional integration such as similar histories, cultures, and goals. Several organizations were formed to foster regional integration, including Caricom. Benefits of regional integration and free trade include a larger variety of goods, improved quality of life, and increased cooperation. However, factors like different economic policies and currencies can hinder integration. Problems facing the Caribbean include high unemployment and not producing enough goods for export.
Free trade areas (FTAs) are agreements between countries to reduce or eliminate tariffs and other trade barriers on most goods and services traded between the member countries. FTAs have increased rapidly since the second half of the 20th century as countries seek to exploit comparative advantages and expand export markets. The largest FTA is the European Union, which began with 6 countries and has expanded to 15 members, 11 of which use the euro. Other major FTAs include NAFTA between the US, Canada, and Mexico, as well as agreements being negotiated for the Asia-Pacific region and South America. While FTAs provide economic benefits, they also face opposition from those concerned about loss of domestic jobs or unfair competitive advantages between members and
Chile has experienced significant economic changes over the past several decades. During Allende's presidency in the 1970s, the economy struggled with high inflation and deficits due to nationalization and price controls. Pinochet implemented stabilization policies in the 1970s-1980s that reduced inflation but also imposed austerity measures. Chile experienced a major crisis in 1982 when Mexico defaulted on loans, causing capital flight from Chile. The economy has grown since the 1990s, achieving low inflation and fiscal responsibility, but faces challenges in developing industries beyond mining to achieve sustainable growth. Recommendations include improving domestic demand, related industries, education, and bilateral trade to strengthen Chile's competitive advantages.
The document discusses the history and goals of regional integration in the Caribbean through CARICOM. It outlines previous attempts at integration through the British West Indies Federation in 1958 and CARIFTA in 1965. CARICOM was established in 1973 to promote political, economic, and functional cooperation among Caribbean countries. Its main objectives are improving economic development through free trade and coordinating policies across member states.
This document discusses Chile's economic history and reforms from the 1970s to the 1990s. It provides background on Chile's profile, including its mineral wealth and population. It then summarizes Chile's economic struggles under Allende in the early 1970s, the initial reforms under Pinochet from 1973-1982 focused on stabilization, structural reforms and social policies. It discusses the 1982 crisis and subsequent reforms, as well as Chile's continued economic growth in the 1990s under a democratic government. Finally, it analyzes Chile's options of joining either NAFTA or Mercosur regional trade blocs.
The document discusses concepts related to regional integration such as common markets, free trade areas, and economic integration. It outlines the purposes of regional integration including developing human resources, improving education and health standards, and helping businesses thrive through policies like free trade and movement of labor. It also summarizes the functions of organizations that promote regional integration in the Caribbean like the OECS Secretariat, CARICOM Secretariat, and objectives of CARICOM and the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME).
Venezuela is located in northern South America with a population of 29 million people. It has the world's largest proven oil reserves and oil exports account for most of its GDP. However, the economy is overly dependent on oil and subject to volatility in oil prices. Business opportunities exist in oil/gas, construction, food processing, and other industries, but the business environment also faces challenges like high inflation, crime, and strained foreign relations.
Canada is located in northern North America, bordering the United States to the south and stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. It has a parliamentary democracy and a population of over 36 million people. The major industries are manufacturing, services, energy, and agriculture. Canada has two official languages (English and French), ten provinces, and three territories.
This document list and briefly describe SOME key terms and concept that are important for students sitting the CSEC Social Studies exam to know and understand. It is by no means exhausted and additional terms can be loaded to compliment this one.
Canada's involvement in trans-pacific trade partnershipnikita kozlov
Canada's involvement in trans-pacific trade partnership. Presentation. Information was taken from special book about Canada in Trans-Pacific Trade Partnership...
Mexico has a population of 118.4 million people and a GDP of $1.8 trillion with modest growth rates. It has a diversified economy transitioning from agriculture and commodities to manufacturing and services. Mexico has free trade agreements with the US and Canada, with the US being its largest trading partner by far. Recent presidential reforms have aimed to strengthen Mexico's economy through measures like labor market reforms, tax reforms, and allowing foreign investment in the energy sector. While corruption and cartel violence remain issues, the document recommends investing in Mexico given recent structural reforms that have improved its economic outlook.
This document provides an economic analysis and overview of Mexico presented by Group 8. It discusses Mexico's economic timeline from the 1930s to present, highlighting periods of growth and crisis. It also covers Mexico's country overview, impact of NAFTA, key macroeconomic indicators like GDP, and current challenges facing Mexico's economy like corruption and slow reform. The analysis aims to present Mexico's economic development and performance over time as well as ongoing issues.
Regional Analysis: Latin america & CaribbeanBushra Ahmed
This document provides an overview of Latin America and the Caribbean region across political, economic, social and technological factors. Politically, most countries have republic systems with written constitutions, and there has been a shift toward more democratic governance. Economically, the region has seen GDP growth around 2.6% annually but there is high inequality. Socially, the population is aging while literacy and life expectancy have increased. Technological access to electricity, internet and mobile phones has also expanded significantly across the region in recent decades.
Government Relations - Federal and Provincial - Canada - September 2018paul young cpa, cga
Part of building a strong unions means that all levels of govt need to get along.
Too many govt are pushing their own social agenda which has caused rifts at all levels of govt.
This 3-page document provides a summary of the risks associated with investing in Brazil. It analyzes Brazil's political and social stability, economic growth prospects, domestic financial stability, external competitiveness, debt servicing capacity, and balance of payments sustainability. Overall, the document finds that Brazil has moderate to low political and economic risks. Its growing economy, prudent fiscal policies, and sustainable external accounts point to a stable investment environment despite some risks from a highly appreciated currency.
This document provides information on Brazil's history, geography, people, and culture. It discusses key points such as Portugal colonizing Brazil in 1500 and it gaining independence in 1822. It was a profitable slave trade destination, receiving 35% of Atlantic slaves. The largest country and population in South America, Brazil varies greatly in climate and ecosystem. While Portuguese is the main language, the people are highly diverse with influences from indigenous, Portuguese, Italian, and African groups. Carnival is a famous cultural celebration highlighting the country's rich folklore and music.
Economic integration and levels of integrationMahadi Hasan
The document discusses different levels of economic integration globally, including free trade areas, customs unions, common markets, economic unions, and political unions. It provides examples for each type of integration, such as NAFTA for a free trade area and the European Union as both an economic and political union. The highest level of integration is a political union, where members subordinate national political interests to a multistate organization.
Canada has a strong economy as one of the top 10 largest in the world. It has a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy government with the Prime Minister as head. Canada faces some environmental challenges like air pollution and climate change. It also has a highly educated population but faces some skilled worker shortages that its immigration system aims to address. Technology is an important growing sector for its economy and society.
Curriculum PowerPoint
matches 5th and 6th-grade standards. First-person resources
copyright of Global Ties Akron Know Your Community Know Your World
know-your-world.org
The document provides information about Canada, including its population, geography, climate, economy, exports, imports, and provinces/territories. Some key points:
- Canada's population was estimated at 36.4 million in 2016, up from 17.9 million in 1960.
- Canada has a diverse climate ranging from temperate to subarctic. Agriculture and natural resources like mining are important to its economy.
- Canada's GDP ranks 14th worldwide at $1.4 trillion. Major exports include agricultural products, minerals, and energy resources like oil. It has a trade deficit due to imports exceeding exports.
- The ten provinces and three territories have different levels of autonomy, with provinces having
The document discusses employment laws in Canada. It notes that determining the employer-employee relationship can be complex as there is no single test, and courts consider multiple factors. A contract of employment establishes that a worker performs services under the direction of an employer in exchange for payment. The terms of the contract may be written or oral. Another type of contract is one where a person works independently rather than as an employee.
This document summarizes major events in Canada between 1980 and 2000. Some key events include Pierre Trudeau introducing the National Energy Program in 1980, which led to tensions between Western Canada and the federal government. Trudeau patriated the Canadian constitution in 1982. The Meech Lake and Charlottetown accords in the late 1980s and early 1990s attempted but failed to address Quebec sovereignty issues. Free trade agreements were signed with the US in 1988 and Mexico in 1994. Two Quebec referendums in 1980 and 1995 narrowly voted against sovereignty.
Free-Trade / Fair Trade -- From the 20th Century to 21st CenturyMichael Woods
On April 22, 2016, Michael Woods gave a presentation on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) at the Inaugural Conference on International Inter-Tribal Trade at the Faculty of Law at the University of Oklahoma. The conference was organized with the assistance and hard work of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, the Mohawk Council of Akwensase, the Chickasaw Nation, the Law Faculties of the University of Oklahoma and Thompson River University and Donna William. Woods, LaFortune LLP joined other firms including Luksi Group LLC, Berkey Williams LLP, Garwill Law Professional Corporation as participants.
- Canada has many mountain ranges with peaks over 3,500 meters, and its weather varies from cold in the north to hot in the southeast.
- Natural resources found in Canada include petroleum, oil, and hydroelectric power in the southeast and southwest, as well as gold, silver, uranium, and small amounts of other minerals.
- Canada borders the United States to the south and is divided into 13 provinces, with its major cities including Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Ottawa, and Calgary.
Canada is a northern country consisting of ten provinces and three territories located in North America. It has a diverse population and economy and is one of the wealthiest developed nations in the world. The land has been inhabited for millennia by indigenous peoples and was later colonized by Britain and France, eventually becoming a self-governing dominion and fully independent nation with the Canada Act of 1982.
Canada’s international business environment (1)GITAM
Canada has a diverse culture with influences from French and English settlers. It has a parliamentary democracy with the Queen as head of state and the Prime Minister as head of government. The economy is dominated by the services sector, especially telecommunications, tourism, and aerospace, and relies heavily on trade with the US. Natural resources and exports of oil, gas, minerals and agricultural products are also important.
Canada has a parliamentary system of government with three levels: federal, provincial/territorial, and municipal/local. At the federal level, the legislative branch consists of the Queen, Senate, and House of Commons. The executive branch includes the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The Prime Minister is head of government and chooses the Cabinet. Each level of government has separate spheres of responsibility, such as national defense for federal and education for provincial/territorial governments.
This document provides an overview of the formation of Canada as a nation through Confederation in 1867. It discusses the roots of Confederation stemming from tensions between French and English colonies. The key reasons for Confederation included political disunity, weak economies, small populations, and international tensions with the US. The document then outlines the political developments that led to the British North America Act of 1867, establishing the Constitution of Canada and dividing powers between national and provincial governments. It provides context on the early politics and fears of US intentions that encouraged Confederation, as well as details on the governmental framework created by the British North America Act.
This document provides a timeline and overview of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It discusses how the idea for NAFTA was originally proposed in the 1980s and negotiations began between the US, Canada and Mexico. Key events included the signing of CUSFTA in 1988, negotiations throughout the early 1990s, and the final signing of NAFTA in 1992. NAFTA took effect in 1994 and created the world's largest free trade zone between the three countries. The document outlines the objectives of NAFTA, as well as debates around both the pros and cons of the agreement.
Nature and Functions of NAFTA - Cost Benefit AnalysisThompson Kerua
This document outlines a presentation on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It begins with background on free trade and then describes NAFTA, including its objectives, structure, benefits, and disadvantages. NAFTA created the world's largest free trade area between the US, Canada, and Mexico in 1994. It aims to eliminate barriers to trade and facilitate cross-border movement of goods and services. The document discusses impacts such as increased trade, foreign investment, economic growth, and agriculture trade between the three countries.
The slide is mainly related to the PESTLE analysis of America. It is useful in setting up of business. We are analyzing every aspect which can create an impact on the business.
Organizations Influecing Global Trade Naftabill balina
NAFTA is a free trade agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico that eliminated tariffs between the countries. The World Bank provides loans and grants to developing countries for projects focused on reducing poverty and increasing prosperity. Both organizations have faced criticism for their policies potentially negatively impacting the environment, labor standards, and economies.
Canada is the second largest country in the world, with over 3,851,877 square miles of land2 varying in climate from permafrost in the north to four distinct seasons of spring, summer, fall, and winter nearer the equator3
The document discusses several major trade blocs around the world including their objectives and impacts. It provides details on the European Union (EU), describing it as the world's largest trading bloc. It outlines the goals and benefits of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) for the US, Canada, and Mexico. It also briefly discusses the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as important trade blocs in other regions.
International Monetary Fund (IMF).pptxEnebDeOcampo
The document discusses several international economic organizations including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), European Union (EU), and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It provides background on when and why each organization was formed and their general purposes which include promoting economic stability, development assistance, policy coordination, oil market influence, regional economic and political integration, and free trade.
Story of north american free trade agreement nafta its success and failureIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research article that evaluates the success and failures of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) since its implementation in 1994. Some key points:
- NAFTA created the world's largest free trade area and led to significant economic growth in all three member countries from 1993-2003 and increased trade volumes. However, it also contributed to growing US trade deficits with Mexico and Canada and the loss of approximately 1 million American jobs.
- The agreement succeeded in increasing exports, investment, and economic integration between the US, Canada, and Mexico. However, it failed to meet promises to create new jobs in the US and contributed to growing income inequality and worker displacement in Mexico.
-
Brian Mulroney became prime minister in 1984 and faced a large federal debt. He pursued free trade agreements but the economy struggled and unemployment rose. Jean Chretien became prime minister in 1993 and balanced the budget by 1998. New political parties like the Bloc Quebecois and Reform Party emerged representing Quebec separatism and Western Canadian interests. The economy shifted to services and inequality grew, though free trade with the US and Mexico under NAFTA was meant to benefit businesses.
During the budget session of 2024-25, the finance minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, introduced the “solar Rooftop scheme,” also known as “PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana.” It is a subsidy offered to those who wish to put up solar panels in their homes using domestic power systems. Additionally, adopting photovoltaic technology at home allows you to lower your monthly electricity expenses. Today in this blog we will talk all about what is the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana. How does it work? Who is eligible for this yojana and all the other things related to this scheme?
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The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb PlatformSabaaSudozai
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This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
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The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...
Canada
1.
2. Socio-Economic
• Canada is the world's eleventh-largest economy, with a 2012 nominal GDP of
approximately US$1.77 trillion. It is a member of the Organization for Economic
Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the G8, and is one of the world's top
ten trading nations, with a highly globalized economy. Canada is a mixed
economy, ranking above the US and most western European nations on the
Heritage Foundation's index of economic freedom, and experiencing a relatively
low level of income disparity. In 2008, Canada's imported goods were worth over
$442.9 billion, of which $280.8 billion originated from the United States, $11.7
billion from Japan, and $11.3 billion from the United Kingdom. The country's 2009
trade deficit totaled C$4.8 billion, compared with a C$46.9 billion surplus in 2008.
• Since the early 20th century, the growth of Canada's manufacturing, mining, and
service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy to an
urbanized, industrial one. Like many other First World nations, the Canadian
economy is dominated by the service industry, which employs about three-
quarters of the country's workforce. However, Canada is unusual among
developed countries in the importance of its primary sector, in which the logging
and petroleum industries are two of the most prominent components.
3. Political Profile
• Canada has a parliamentary system within the context of a constitutional monarchy, the monarchy
of Canada being the foundation of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.[The sovereign is
Queen Elizabeth II, who also serves as head of state of 15 other Commonwealth countries and each
of Canada's ten provinces. As such, the Queen's representative, the Governor General of Canada (at
present David Lloyd Johnston), carries out most of the federal royal duties in Canada.
• The direct participation of the royal and viceroyal figures in areas of governance is
limited.[98][102][103] In practice, their use of the executive powers is directed by the Cabinet, a
committee of ministers of the Crown responsible to the elected House of Commons and chosen
and headed by the Prime Minister of Canada (at present Stephen Harper the head of government.
• The governor general or monarch may, though, in certain crisis situations exercise their power
without ministerial advice. To ensure the stability of government, the governor general will usually
appoint as prime minister the person who is the current leader of the political party that can obtain
the confidence of a plurality in the House of Commons.The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) is thus
one of the most powerful institutions in government, initiating most legislation for parliamentary
approval and selecting for appointment by the Crown, besides the aforementioned, the governor
general, lieutenant governors, senators, federal court judges, and heads of Crown corporations and
government agencies.The leader of the party with the second-most seats usually becomes the
Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition (presently Thomas Mulcair) and is part of an adversarial
parliamentary system intended to keep the government in check.
4. Political Profile
• Each of the 308 Members of Parliament in the House of Commons is elected by
simple plurality in an electoral district or riding. General elections must be called
by the governor general, either on the advice of the prime minister, within four
years of the previous election, or if the government loses a confidence vote in the
House. The 105 members of the Senate, whose seats are apportioned on a
regional basis, serve until age 75. Five parties had representatives elected to the
federal parliament in the 2011 elections: the Conservative Party of Canada
(governing party), the New Democratic Party (the Official Opposition), the Liberal
Party of Canada, the Bloc Québécois, and the Green Party of Canada. The list of
historical parties with elected representation is substantial.
• Canada's federal structure divides government responsibilities between the
federal government and the ten provinces. Provincial legislatures are unicameral
and operate in parliamentary fashion similar to the House of Commons. Canada's
three territories also have legislatures, but these are not sovereign and have fewer
constitutional responsibilities than the provinces. The territorial legislatures also
differ structurally from their provincial counterparts.
5. Cultural Profile
• Canada's culture draws influences from its broad range of constituent nationalities, and
policies that promote multiculturalism are constitutionally protected. In Quebec, cultural
identity is strong, and many French-speaking commentators speak of a culture of Quebec
that is distinct from English Canadian culture. However, as a whole, Canada is in theory a
cultural mosaic – a collection of several regional, aboriginal, and ethnic subcultures.
Government policies such as publicly funded health care, higher taxation to redistribute
wealth, the outlawing of capital punishment, strong efforts to eliminate poverty, an emphasis
on multiculturalism, strict gun control, and the legalization of same-sex marriage are further
social indicators of Canada's political and cultural values.
• Historically, Canada has been influenced by British, French, and aboriginal cultures and
traditions. Through their language, art and music, aboriginal peoples continue to influence
the Canadian identity. Many Canadians value multiculturalism and see Canada as being
inherently multicultural. American media and entertainment are popular, if not dominant, in
English Canada; conversely, many Canadian cultural products and entertainers are successful
in the United States and worldwide. The preservation of a distinctly Canadian culture is
supported by federal government programs, laws, and institutions such as the Canadian
Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), and the Canadian
Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC).
6. Trading Rules & Policies
• Canada and the United States share a common trading relationship. Canada's job market continues
to perform well along with the US, reaching a 30 year low in the unemployment rate in December
2006, following 14 consecutive years of employment growth.
• The United States is by far Canada's largest trading partner, with more than $1.7 billion CAD in
trade per day in 2005. In 2009 73% of Canada's exports went to the United States, and 63% of
Canada's imports were from the United States. Trade with Canada makes up 23% of the United
States' exports and 17% of its imports. By comparison, in 2005 this was more than U.S. trade with
all countries in the European Union combined, and well over twice U.S. trade with all the countries
of Latin America combined. Just the two-way trade that crosses the Ambassador Bridge between
Michigan and Ontario equals all U.S. exports to Japan. Canada's importance to the United States is
not just a border-state phenomenon: Canada is the leading export market for 35 of 50 U.S. states,
and is the United States' largest foreign supplier of energy.
• Bilateral trade increased by 52% between 1989, when the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
went into effect, and 1994, when the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) superseded
it.[citation needed] Trade has since increased by 40%. NAFTA continues the FTA's moves toward
reducing trade barriers and establishing agreed-upon trade rules. It also resolves some long-
standing bilateral irritants and liberalizes rules in several areas, including agriculture, services,
energy, financial services, investment, and government procurement. NAFTA forms the largest
trading area in the world, embracing the 405 million people of the three North American countries.
7. Trading Rules & Policies
• Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (Signed 12-Oct-1987, entered into force 01-
Jan-1989, later superseded by NAFTA)
• North American Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Jan-1994, includes
Canada, U.S. and Mexico)
• Canada-Israel Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Jan-1997)
• Canada-Chile Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 05-Jul-1997)
• Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Nov-2002)
• Canada-European Free Trade Association Free Trade Agreement (Entered into
force 01-Jul-2009)
• Canada-Peru Free Trade Agreement (Entered into force 01-Aug-2009)
• Canada-Colombia Free Trade Agreement (Signed 21-Nov-2008; Canada's
ratification of this FTA is now dependant upon Colombia's ratification of the
"Agreement Concerning Annual Reports on Human Rights and Free Trade Between
Canada and the Republic of Colombia" signed on 27-May-2010)
• Canada-Jordan Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 28-June-2009)
• Canada-Panama Free Trade Agreement (Signed on 14-May-2010)
8. Top Products For Exports
• Energy(Large Oil and Gases)
• Agriculture(Forestry and Grains)
• Mining( Nickel, Copper & etc.)
9. Peculiarities
• Canada (Listeni/ˈ kænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located
in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic
Ocean. Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States
is the world's longest land border.
• The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late
15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, the region's Atlantic coast. France
ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America to Britain in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the
union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion
of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy,
culminating in the Canada Act 1982.
• Canada is a federal state governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen
Elizabeth II as its head of state. The country is officially bilingual and multicultural at the federal level, with a
population of approximately 35 million as of 2013. Canada's advanced economy is one of the largest in the world,
relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and trade networks, especially with the United States, with
which it has had a long and complex relationship.
• Canada is one of the world's most developed nations, with the ninth highest per capita income globally, and the
sixth highest ranking in human development. Subsequently, the country performs well in international rankings of
education, civil liberties, quality of life, government transparency, and economic freedom. Canada is a recognized
middle power and a member of many international institutions, including the G7, G8, G20, NATO, OECD, WTO,
Commonwealth of Nations, Francophonie, OAS, APEC, and the United Nations.
10. Other Pertinent Info
• Motto: A Mari Usque Ad Mare (Latin)
"From Sea to Sea"
• Anthem: "O Canada“
• Royal anthem: "God Save the Queen”
• Capital : Ottawa
• Largest city :Toronto