California Part 2
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California's infrastructure was established 90 years after it became a state and required a statewide water system to support development. The state established legal frameworks for irrigation districts, which turned Southern California into an agricultural empire. As populations grew in Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area, California needed more water quickly. Various cities and regions established their own water administration boards and systems, though these caused environmental damage, requiring rethinking of water planning. Major construction projects like the Hoover Dam and Golden Gate Bridge helped address water and infrastructure needs.
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This chapter discusses California's infrastructure development in the late 19th century, focusing on establishing a statewide water system. It describes how irrigation districts were set up to turn southern California into an agricultural center. While President Roosevelt promised compensation to build railroads to save southern California from flooding, Congress refused to pay. Rapid population growth in Los Angeles and the Bay Area created demand for more water delivery systems. Several water plans were attempted but caused environmental damage before the Los Angeles system and Nolen plan were developed. Hoover Dam and the Golden Gate Bridge were also discussed as major infrastructure projects.
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Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov
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Engineering: Hoover Dam
Author(s): Henry Petroski
Reviewed work(s):
Source: American Scientist, Vol. 81, No. 6 (November-December 1993), pp. 517-521
Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/29775051 .
Accessed: 06/01/2013 08:28
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
.
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This content downloaded on Sun, 6 Jan 2013 08:28:00 AM
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Hoover Dam
Henry Petroski
Everything seems to move slowly at Hoover
Dam. Long lines of cars, buses and trucks in
low gear wind along the two-lane road
down one steep side of Black Canyon and up the
other. The lines stop frequently as carloads of
tourists crane their necks at the grandeur of the
site, and drivers search for a parking space
among the tiers of overlooks. For all the conges?
tion, few motorists seem impatient or interested
in searching maps for alternate routes. Everyone
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Pedestrians move about the top of the dam at a
snail's pace in the desert heat, crisscrossing the
crest over which, by design, no water has ever
flowed. Several thousand tourists may visit
Hoover Dam on a summer day, most of them
standing in long lines to board the large elevator
that takes them, 20 at a time, 600 feet down into
the inner workings of the dam. Many come from
Las Vegas, 35 miles to the northwest. Even there,
amid all the noise and neon, a visit to Hoover
Dam is hawked as one of the area's must-do
things. The pitch may be engineering achieve?
ment as awesome entertainment, but few who
visit the works at Black Canyon seem disappoint?
ed by the decided calmness and harmony of it all.
Just as the Mississippi River wreaked havoc in
the Midwest last summer, so the Colorado River
used to be alternately a blessing and a bane for
the Southwest. Although the Colorado seemed a
pot ...
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov.docx
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Engineering: Hoover Dam
Author(s): Henry Petroski
Reviewed work(s):
Source: American Scientist, Vol. 81, No. 6 (November-December 1993), pp. 517-521
Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/29775051 .
Accessed: 06/01/2013 08:28
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
.
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access
to American Scientist.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded on Sun, 6 Jan 2013 08:28:00 AM
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=sigmaxi
http://www.jstor.org/stable/29775051?origin=JSTOR-pdf
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
Hoover Dam
Henry Petroski
Everything seems to move slowly at Hoover
Dam. Long lines of cars, buses and trucks in
low gear wind along the two-lane road
down one steep side of Black Canyon and up the
other. The lines stop frequently as carloads of
tourists crane their necks at the grandeur of the
site, and drivers search for a parking space
among the tiers of overlooks. For all the conges?
tion, few motorists seem impatient or interested
in searching maps for alternate routes. Everyone
driving in this vicinity must know that U.S. High?
way 95, which arcs along the crest of the dam, is
the only road across the Colorado River between
Davis Dam, over 50 miles to the south, and Nava
jo Bridge, over 150 miles to the east.
Pedestrians move about the top of the dam at a
snail's pace in the desert heat, crisscrossing the
crest over which, by design, no water has ever
flowed. Several thousand tourists may visit
Hoover Dam on a summer day, most of them
standing in long lines to board the large elevator
that takes them, 20 at a time, 600 feet down into
the inner workings of the dam. Many come from
Las Vegas, 35 miles to the northwest. Even there,
amid all the noise and neon, a visit to Hoover
Dam is hawked as one of the area's must-do
things. The pitch may be engineering achieve?
ment as awesome entertainment, but few who
visit the works at Black Canyon seem disappoint?
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pot.
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Between 1750-1850, transportation in America underwent a revolution led by inventors like James Watt and innovators of river boats and canals. Watt's improved steam engine in 1769 kicked off widespread use of steamboats, beginning with John Fitch's successful run in 1787. Robert Fulton furthered this progress by launching commercial passenger and freight services. Canals like the Erie Canal connected the eastern U.S. to expanding western settlements, allowing efficient transport of people and goods. Road building projects like the National Road attempted to connect the coasts over land but posed greater challenges than river and canal transportation. Overall, innovations in steam engines, river boats, and infrastructure like canals and roads transformed transportation
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Hist 141 panama & los angeles
The document summarizes the construction of the Panama Canal and Los Angeles Aqueduct. The Panama Canal took over a decade to complete and cost hundreds of millions, but cut shipping time in half between the east and west coasts of the United States. The Los Angeles Aqueduct brought water from the Owens Valley to LA, fueling the city's growth and transforming its landscape, though it damaged the environment of the Owens Valley. Both projects required massive coordination and labor to build complex infrastructure on an immense scale.
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Engineering: Hoover Dam
Author(s): Henry Petroski
Reviewed work(s):
Source: American Scientist, Vol. 81, No. 6 (November-December 1993), pp. 517-521
Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/29775051 .
Accessed: 06/01/2013 08:28
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]
.
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access
to American Scientist.
http://www.jstor.org
This content downloaded on Sun, 6 Jan 2013 08:28:00 AM
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=sigmaxi
http://www.jstor.org/stable/29775051?origin=JSTOR-pdf
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
Hoover Dam
Henry Petroski
Everything seems to move slowly at Hoover
Dam. Long lines of cars, buses and trucks in
low gear wind along the two-lane road
down one steep side of Black Canyon and up the
other. The lines stop frequently as carloads of
tourists crane their necks at the grandeur of the
site, and drivers search for a parking space
among the tiers of overlooks. For all the conges?
tion, few motorists seem impatient or interested
in searching maps for alternate routes. Everyone
driving in this vicinity must know that U.S. High?
way 95, which arcs along the crest of the dam, is
the only road across the Colorado River between
Davis Dam, over 50 miles to the south, and Nava
jo Bridge, over 150 miles to the east.
Pedestrians move about the top of the dam at a
snail's pace in the desert heat, crisscrossing the
crest over which, by design, no water has ever
flowed. Several thousand tourists may visit
Hoover Dam on a summer day, most of them
standing in long lines to board the large elevator
that takes them, 20 at a time, 600 feet down into
the inner workings of the dam. Many come from
Las Vegas, 35 miles to the northwest. Even there,
amid all the noise and neon, a visit to Hoover
Dam is hawked as one of the area's must-do
things. The pitch may be engineering achieve?
ment as awesome entertainment, but few who
visit the works at Black Canyon seem disappoint?
ed by the decided calmness and harmony of it all.
Just as the Mississippi River wreaked havoc in
the Midwest last summer, so the Colorado River
used to be alternately a blessing and a bane for
the Southwest. Although the Colorado seemed a
pot ...
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov.docx
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
Engineering: Hoover Dam
Author(s): Henry Petroski
Reviewed work(s):
Source: American Scientist, Vol. 81, No. 6 (November-December 1993), pp. 517-521
Published by: Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society
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Hoover Dam
Henry Petroski
Everything seems to move slowly at Hoover
Dam. Long lines of cars, buses and trucks in
low gear wind along the two-lane road
down one steep side of Black Canyon and up the
other. The lines stop frequently as carloads of
tourists crane their necks at the grandeur of the
site, and drivers search for a parking space
among the tiers of overlooks. For all the conges?
tion, few motorists seem impatient or interested
in searching maps for alternate routes. Everyone
driving in this vicinity must know that U.S. High?
way 95, which arcs along the crest of the dam, is
the only road across the Colorado River between
Davis Dam, over 50 miles to the south, and Nava
jo Bridge, over 150 miles to the east.
Pedestrians move about the top of the dam at a
snail's pace in the desert heat, crisscrossing the
crest over which, by design, no water has ever
flowed. Several thousand tourists may visit
Hoover Dam on a summer day, most of them
standing in long lines to board the large elevator
that takes them, 20 at a time, 600 feet down into
the inner workings of the dam. Many come from
Las Vegas, 35 miles to the northwest. Even there,
amid all the noise and neon, a visit to Hoover
Dam is hawked as one of the area's must-do
things. The pitch may be engineering achieve?
ment as awesome entertainment, but few who
visit the works at Black Canyon seem disappoint?
ed by the decided calmness and harmony of it all.
Just as the Mississippi River wreaked havoc in
the Midwest last summer, so the Colorado River
used to be alternately a blessing and a bane for
the Southwest. Although the Colorado seemed a
pot.
Water crisis and lessons learned from Texas and California
Presented by Bill Swanson & Stefan Schuster at the Texas Water Conservation Association Conference in The Woodlands, Texas - March 2014
Transportation revolution 2
Between 1750-1850, transportation in America underwent a revolution led by inventors like James Watt and innovators of river boats and canals. Watt's improved steam engine in 1769 kicked off widespread use of steamboats, beginning with John Fitch's successful run in 1787. Robert Fulton furthered this progress by launching commercial passenger and freight services. Canals like the Erie Canal connected the eastern U.S. to expanding western settlements, allowing efficient transport of people and goods. Road building projects like the National Road attempted to connect the coasts over land but posed greater challenges than river and canal transportation. Overall, innovations in steam engines, river boats, and infrastructure like canals and roads transformed transportation
Hist 141 panama & los angeles
The document summarizes the construction of the Panama Canal and Los Angeles Aqueduct. The Panama Canal took over a decade to complete and cost hundreds of millions, but cut shipping time in half between the east and west coasts of the United States. The Los Angeles Aqueduct brought water from the Owens Valley to LA, fueling rapid population growth and transforming the city, though it damaged the Owens Valley ecosystem. Both projects required massive coordination of labor and resources to complete ambitious engineering feats.
Hist 141 panama & los angeles
The document summarizes the construction of the Panama Canal and Los Angeles Aqueduct. The Panama Canal took over a decade to complete and cost hundreds of millions, but cut shipping time in half between the east and west coasts of the United States. The Los Angeles Aqueduct brought water from the Owens Valley to LA, fueling the city's growth and transforming its landscape, though it damaged the environment of the Owens Valley. Both projects required massive coordination and labor to build complex infrastructure on an immense scale.
California
The second forty years of California saw tremendous population growth that strained its water supply. While a few rivers like the Sacramento provided some water, most came from the Colorado River via irrigation projects. The massive Los Angeles Aqueduct construction project in the early 20th century brought water from Eastern California to the growing Los Angeles region, fueling further development. Other major public works like bridges across the bay also aided the expansion of population centers in California during this period of adaptation.
California
The document summarizes key aspects of California's development over the 20th century from the book "California: A History" by Kevin Starr. It discusses how water systems like the Los Angeles and San Francisco aqueducts enabled major population growth in those cities despite environmental damage. It also notes California's ethnic diversity and tensions, as well as major race-related riots that occurred in Los Angeles in the 1960s.
The presses and pulses wright morton & olson
The document summarizes key aspects of the Ohio River basin, including its geography, history of development and management, and future challenges. It notes that the Ohio River runs 981 miles and drains an area of over 200,000 square miles. It discusses how "presses" gradually alter the river system, while "pulses" like floods can suddenly transform it. Major historical developments include navigation improvements and flood control structures. Climate change poses uncertainties for managing future river presses and pulses.
California: An Overview
This document provides an overview of California's history and development from the 19th century onwards. It discusses how California nurtured a culture of individualism and creativity. Northern California became a major wheat producer, while Southern California specialized in citrus and other crops due to its climate and infrastructure like refrigerated rail cars. Massive water projects in the late 19th century like aqueducts and reservoirs allowed California to support large cities and a growing population. In the 20th century, California built major infrastructure and also contributed significantly to fields like aviation, atomic research, biotechnology, computing and the internet.
California 7
California underwent several expansions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries due to increased irrigation and water projects. Key figures like William Hall and Charles Rockwood conducted studies on how to bring water from the Colorado River to Southern California to enable further growth and agriculture. The Imperial Valley was promoted as a new agricultural region like Egypt's delta, made possible by canals diverting water from the Colorado River despite one canal being built illegally across Mexico in 1904. These expansions transformed Southern California into a major economic region by 1929.
California 7
California underwent several expansions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries related to water infrastructure and irrigation. Key events included the 1878 Drainage Act that established water studies, engineers who envisioned using water from the Colorado River to expand Southern California, and the illegal 1904 cutting of a canal from the Colorado River into Imperial Valley which helped fully develop Southern California by 1929.
California
This document discusses the history and development of water infrastructure in California over the past 200 years. It notes that the first 40 years established political and economic structures, while the second 40 years focused on public works projects like aqueducts. It describes how southern California obtained water from the Colorado River after 1900, though the initial canal construction was done illegally and caused major flooding. The document also discusses the ethnic and racial diversity of California's population over time.
California
The document summarizes the development of California through key historical events and policies:
1) The Drainage Act of 1878 established public utilities in California, laying the foundation for its economic growth into the largest state economy.
2) Subsequent acts, like providing funds for Northern California water infrastructure and the Homestead Act of 1862, enabled irrigation and population growth, especially in Southern California.
3) During the 1920s, California's economy boomed through projects like aqueduct construction and military base development, alongside architectural developments at universities.
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Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov.docx
Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research SocietyEngineering Hoov.docx
Water crisis and lessons learned from Texas and California
Water crisis and lessons learned from Texas and California
More from kdrums1219
California Part 4
California's infrastructure was established 90 years after it became a state and required a statewide water system to support development. The state established legal frameworks for irrigation districts, turning Southern California into an agricultural empire. As populations grew in Los Angeles and the Bay Area, California needed more water quickly. Several cities established their own water boards while major projects like the Hoover Dam and Golden Gate Bridge were undertaken to provide more water, though earlier local systems damaged the environment.
California Part 1
California's infrastructure was established 90 years after it became a state and required a statewide water system to support development. The state established legal frameworks for irrigation districts, which turned Southern California into an agricultural empire. As populations grew in Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area, California needed more water quickly. Various cities and regions established their own water administration boards and systems, though these caused environmental damage, requiring rethinking of water planning. Major construction projects like the Hoover Dam and Golden Gate Bridge helped address water and infrastructure needs.
California Part 3
California's infrastructure was established 90 years after it became a state and required a statewide water system to support development. The state established legal frameworks for irrigation districts, which turned Southern California into an agricultural empire. As populations grew in Los Angeles and the Bay Area, California needed more water quickly. Several cities established their own water boards and it took 4-6 years to build Los Angeles' system, though all systems damaged the environment. Proposed plans included the Nolen plan by notable architects, and major projects like the Hoover Dam and Golden Gate Bridge were constructed in the 1930s to support water infrastructure and development.
America Compared Part 3pdf
After conquering North America, the American government focused on annexing surrounding islands as European nations conquered parts of Africa. By World War I, Europeans and their descendants, including Americans, had established control over indigenous peoples around the world. The United States ideology was to turn conquered colonies like the Philippines into self-governing societies modeled after America, though it took two wars and payment to Spain to acquire the Philippines and defeat resisting native islanders. American governors eventually gained Filipino support and started the process of self-rule in 1901, with full independence achieved in 1946.
America Compared Part 6pdf
The 1920s saw significant cultural changes in America. President Roosevelt declared neutrality for the US in the early years of WWII while Churchill watched without acting in Britain. After France fell to Germany, Roosevelt and Churchill formed an alliance to save Britain. WWII ended the Great Depression globally and established the US as a global police force while devastating Europe's Western empires. Japan emerged as a superpower but attacked Pearl Harbor due to anti-American sentiments, causing widespread US racism against Japanese people with lingering effects.
America Compared Part 5pdf
The document discusses cultural changes in America in the 1920s fueled by postwar prosperity, new attitudes toward sexuality, and technologies like movies and cars. Movies in particular challenged Victorian morality, though many Americans still held onto traditional values. It also discusses how jazz originated from African American musical traditions but was initially more popular in Europe, especially 1920s Paris, where it represented the growing Americanization of French culture through tourists, products, and movies.
America Compared Part 1pdf
The document compares the settlement of the American West to the development of the town of Billings, Montana and the city of Karaganda, Kazakhstan. It discusses how Native Americans viewed European colonists as intruders settling on their ancestral lands, and some Native Americans fought against colonization while others tried to integrate into the new society. It also outlines how Billings originated as a railroad community and prison town, while Karaganda developed from a Soviet prison into a full city.
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- 1. California Great Expectations By: Kyle Kaliher
- 2. Great Expectations California’s infrastructure was established 90 years after becoming a state. It required a state wide water system for it to be inhabitable and productive. California established legal and political framework for irrigation districts, this later would turn southern California into an agricultural empire. President Roosevelt promised the South Pacific compensation for railroad companies after they saved Southern California from being flooded, however Congress did not agree with Roosevelt and refused to pay. There was a rising population in Los Angeles and the Bay area, which meant California needed more water and quickly.
- 3. Great Expectations Each city in Southern California established their own administrative board to create a water plan for themselves. It took four to six years to construct the Los Angeles water system but all of the systems in southern California caused a lot of damage to the environment. They needed to re-think the water plan. One such plan was the Nolen plan which was created by the most notable architects of the generation. The monumental Hoover Dam was constructed between 1930 and 1935. And lastly, the Golden Gate Bridge was built in San Francisco between 1933 and 1937.