Cad Modelling Ergonomics provides anthropometric solutions to improve apparel fit, safety, innovation and comfort. They have extensive experience in creating anthropometric models and identifying body shapes. Their solutions include FORMAX anthropometric mannequins that represent specific body shapes to help design well-fitting garments, reduce waste, and Body-ScanFIT 3D body scanners that classify individuals into morphological families to further improve fit.

1. AANTHROPOMETRICNTHROPOMETRIC SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS
for the right fit, safety,for the right fit, safety,
innovation and comfort ofinnovation and comfort of
apparel, technical textiles andapparel, technical textiles and
ergonomic toolsergonomic tools
CAD MODELLING ERGONOMICS SRL – FLORENCE, ITALY

2. TheThe backgroundbackground
Cad Modelling Ergonomics is an Italian high tech SME with
a huge experience in the apparel industry.
Established in 1968 as industrial modelling company,Established in 1968 as industrial modelling company,
today thanks to the great expertise it gained a leadership
role in the creation of anthropometric models for
the apparel industry, the identification of Body
Shapes and the supply of 3D body scanner technologies,
ex. Body ScanFIT® system

3. APPAREL: The search for the best fitAPPAREL: The search for the best fit
Nowadays, the mass production of garments has no real connection to the body shapes
and volumes of people. Fit is not always correct!
Problems of:
• Unsold stock
• Garments adjustments and so higher perceived price
• Less customer loyalty and retention to the brand
• Huge waste of resources
•Time-consuming effort for customers•Time-consuming effort for customers
Each person has its
own specific body
shape and volumes
that cannot be
identified as
traditional “sizes”

4. The “vanity size” conceptThe “vanity size” concept
A psychological trick to make robust people feel better in their clothes
Pullover size L – Marked as Size M …Pullover size L – as created
Ex. Brand A
…TO ATTRACT CUSTOMERS WITH
BIG BODY SHAPES AND VOLUMES
Customers’ confusion and a wasting of time-
consuming effort to select the brand that fits best on
their body
How to solve the fit enigma and help
industries and people at the same time?

5. UncorrectUncorrect labellinglabelling andand lacklack ofof fittingfitting causescauses
customerscustomers’’ confusionconfusion,, unsoldunsold stocksstocks, in a, in a fewfew
wordswords aa hugehuge wastewaste ofof moneymoney andand timetime

6. AANTHROPOMETRYNTHROPOMETRY isis the keythe key toto
improveimprove thethe garmentsgarments’’ fitfit
Our knowlegde of international body shapes and
volumes helps to improve the fit of apparel and
satisfies the needs of fashion & design industrysatisfies the needs of fashion & design industry
Anthropometry (Greek anthropos, man, and
metron, measure, literally meaning
"measurement of humans"), in physical
anthropology, refers to the measurement
of living human individuals for the purposes
of understanding human physical variation.

7. TheTheory of Body ShapesTheTheory of Body Shapes©©
“Man is not a Size but aVolume”
Starting from this concept, Mr Silvio Quattrocolo performed
lots of anthropometric studies to guarantee the right volume
to garments
Identifying recurrent normotypes in world population
to garments
So, he developed the Theory of Body Shapes©
(patent SIAE of Cad Modelling Ergonomics) in late ’60s.
Every man and woman can be classified in recurrent
morphological families, 7 for men and 11 for
women

11. SSCIENTIFICCIENTIFIC AAKNOWLEDGMENTSKNOWLEDGMENTS
Michael W. Vannier – Professore di Radiologia -American Association
for the Advancement of Science - American College of Radiology - American Institute of Medical and
Biological Engineering - American Medical Association - American Roentgen Ray Society - Association
for Computing Machinery - Association of University Radiologists - International Society for Optical
“
“
”
for Computing Machinery - Association of University Radiologists - International Society for Optical
Engineering - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers - Radiological Society of North America -
Society of Nuclear Medicine

12. SSCIENTIFICCIENTIFIC AAKNOWLEDGMENTSKNOWLEDGMENTS
PARTNERSHIP WITH ENEA
“The system invented by Silvio Quattrocolo and
achieved by Cad Modelling Ergonomics with the
technical consultancy of ENEA, is a patented
system of anthropometric
identification based on a comparison betweenidentification based on a comparison between
the person and the reference of classified
patterns.”

13. CCADAD MMODELLINGODELLING EERGONOMICSRGONOMICS @ CEN@ CEN
The CEN working group TC248, made up of international experts, is
focusing its attention on a new size designation of clothes based on
anthropometric measures.
The old system based on size concept is not reliable for
clothing market and customers
The old system based on size concept is not reliable for
clothing market and customers
The aim is to use a common language to designate the
different sizes with a single code
The solution will be the INTRODUCTION of a NEW
European LABELLING SYSTEM that
takes into accountVOLUME, HEIGHT and SHAPE of
POPULATION

14. APPAREL: The search for the best fitAPPAREL: The search for the best fit
Nowadays, the mass production of garments has no real connection to the body shapes
and volumes of people. Fit is not always correct!
Problems of:
• Unsold stock
• Garments adjustments and so higher perceived price
• Less customer loyalty and retention to the brand
• Huge waste of resources
•Time-consuming effort for customers•Time-consuming effort for customers
Each person has its
own specific body
shape and volumes
that cannot be
identified as
traditional “sizes”

15. APPAREL: The search for the best fitAPPAREL: The search for the best fit
Nowadays, the mass production of garments has no real connection to the body shapes
and volumes of people. Fit is not always correct!
Problems of:
• Unsold stock
• Garments adjustments and so higher perceived price
• Less customer loyalty and retention to the brand
• Huge waste of resources
•Time-consuming effort for customers•Time-consuming effort for customers
Each person has its
own specific body
shape and volumes
that cannot be
identified as
traditional “sizes”

17. FORMAXFORMAX®® Anthropometric MannequinsAnthropometric Mannequins
Real anatomies with the correct volumes and shapes to guarantee the fit
Decrease of unsold stocks
Reference point for every pattern makers & designers
Correct body shapes, volume and forms to create
garments that fit well on people
Costant check of prototype collection
BENEFITS INTHE SUPPLY CHAIN
garments that fit well on people
Costant check of prototype collection
Leaner production process: time and money savingsFORMAX® anthropometric fit
apparel mannequins, Cad Modelling
Ergonomics
Each anthropometric fit mannequin represents A SPECIFIC
NORMOTYPE (MORPHOLOGICAL FAMILY) as identified by
the Theory of Body Shapes© and has ITS OWN SET OF
DEVELOPMENTS IN VOLUMES AND MEASURES to fully
cover the world population fitting needs
FORMAX® man, body shape 8, Cad Modelling Errgonomics

18. Formax® Fit Mannequins
The anthropometric FORMAX® mannequins are full-body
dummies, entirely articulated for fitting & ergonomic tests
All of our solutions are Made in Italy and protected &
international patent registered

19. The anthropometric FORMAX® mannequin is the
necessary tool to create the right volume for the garments the
body has to wear
Formax® men / women
To cover the primary body shapes in the world, complete sets of
FORMAX® have been designed: 7 for men and 11 for women,
one for each morphological family

20. NEW UPDATED FORMAX® LADY BODY-SHAPE 00
THE IDEAL BODY FOR
PLUS-SIZE CLOTHING
AVAILABLE IN 2AVAILABLE IN 2
DIFFERENT HEIGHTS
(SOUTH AND NORTH
EUROPE)

21. Formax® baby & child
Baby (from 50 to 86 cm), Kid (from 92 to 124 cm) and
Teenager (128 to 176) FORMAX® match the different
heights and body shapes.
They allow to design and test baby and teenager clothing in
the right way
They allow to design and test baby and teenager clothing in
the right way
Plumpy
FORMAX®
Baby FORMAX®

22. Special Formax®
Soft Formax® is the special female torso
used by underwear and beachwear
producers.
Built with soft, waterproof material, Soft
Formax® fully reproduces the consistency of
the human body to test the fitting of lingerie
FORMAX®
6 MONTHS
PREGNANCY
the human body to test the fitting of lingerie
and beachwear
Active and SuperActive Formax® is the
special mannequin with enhanced articulation and
distributed weight (on demand) for
SPORTSWEAR, ergonomic and safety tests even
in extreme conditions.
Equippable with sensors, Active Formax® can
withstand high temperatures for extreme test
conditions. Active and SuperActive FORMAX® for
safety and ergonomic tests

23. USE FORMAX ® INSTEAD OF REAL BABIES!
Prof Francesca Tosi

24. BodyBody--ScanFITScanFIT®® systemsystem
3D body scanning machine to identify body shapes and volumes
The Scanner guarantees:
• Competitive price
Body-Scanfit® system uses a one of a kind, portable body
scanner, specifically designed to verify and study the
anthropometric measures of people
•
• Portability
• Safety
• Reliability
•Accuracy
• Fast and user-friendly interface
Body-Scanfit® system includes:
1. 3D portable body scanning machine
2. Software for linear measurements extraction
3. A proprietary software for anthropometric classification, the FX-FIT

25. How the system worksHow the system works
1. System scans the subject and returns a point cloud that is easily exportable in the most
common 3D formats
2. TC2 software extracts the linear measurements from the avatar that has been
created
3. FX-FIT classifies the scanned subject into the most suitable normotype
(morphological family) for the upper and the lower part of the body, and
4. Identifies the corresponding FORMAX® anthropometric mannequin to
improve the fit

26. The FXThe FX--FIT softwareFIT software
Identification of most suitable morphological family
FX-FIT software
Through a comparison between the scanned subject and Cad Modelling
anthropometric database, FX-FIT is able to classify the subject into the most
suitable morphological family for both the upper and lower part of the body
Point cloud and avatar
of the scanned subject
Corresponding
FORMAX® for
mass customization
The identification of the correct body shape and volumes is important for
garment makers for mass customization and made-to-measure applications
upon the most recurrent morphological families in the target
audience

27. The FXThe FX--FIT softwareFIT software
Personal data sheet of the scanned subject
The software returns a personal data sheet with the major linear
measurements of the person, but above all, with the correct
identifcation of body shape and volumes to correct design garments

28. The benefitsThe benefits
UNAMBIGUOUS IDENTIFICATION OF THE SCANNED SUBJECT for
correct garment design
ENABLER OF MASS CUSTOMIZATION ON MOST RECURRENT
NORMOTYPES inside target audience
ENABLER OF HUGE SAVINGS IN TERMS OF TIME & RAW MATERIALS
inside the production process
Body-ScanFIT® system
Point cloud of scanned subject
FORMAX® anthropometric mannequin

29. An Italian Military Corp has launched a anthropometric campaign
for its female officers in 2010, using our Body-ScanFIT® system
OBJECTIVES
• Update of the body shapes database of
the Corp, and consequently
BetterBetter fitfit forfor femalefemale officersofficers’’ uniformsuniforms
the Corp, and consequently
• Improve the fit & comfort of uniforms
Distribution of body shapes in the scanned sample (1st stage)

30. The “vanity size” conceptThe “vanity size” concept
A psychological trick to make robust people feel better in their clothes
Pullover size L – Marked as Size M …Pullover size L – as created
Ex. Brand A
…TO ATTRACT CUSTOMERS WITH
BIG BODY SHAPES AND VOLUMES
Customers’ confusion and a wasting of time-
consuming effort to select the brand that fits best on
their body
How to solve the fit enigma and help
industries and people at the same time?

31. CASE STUDIES
Apparel Industry

32. The partners
More than 400 companies worldwide use our Formax®
anthropometric mannequins to match their needs in terms of
fit and comfort

33. CUSTOMER’S MODEL FOR
PLUS-SIZE CLOTHING
CUSTOMIZED FORMAX®
LADY

34. IMPORTANT SKI-WEAR
MANUFACTURER

35. FORMAX®
LADY
BODY-SHAPE 2

38. • Anthropometry is the key to know the man and his fitting needs
CCLOSINGLOSING REMARKSREMARKS
• Since fit is the primary reason for unsold garments, the use
of anthropometric mannequins is a must for everyof anthropometric mannequins is a must for every
manufacturer and its suppliers
• Cad Modelling Ergonomics constantly updates its own
anthropometric data base to guarantee the best relaibility of
its technical tools.

39. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Cad Modelling Ergonomics srlCad Modelling Ergonomics srl
Piazza Beccaria, 6Piazza Beccaria, 6 –– 5012150121 FlorenceFlorence (Italy)(Italy)
T +39 055 2476261T +39 055 2476261--22
F +39 055 2346744F +39 055 2346744
E info@cadmodelling.itE info@cadmodelling.it
W www.cadmodelling.itW www.cadmodelling.itW www.cadmodelling.itW www.cadmodelling.it