This document is a lecture on biology for class 12 students covering chapter 2. It discusses sexual reproduction in hydroids including the processes of binary fission and budding. It describes the stages of fertilization from gametes to zygote, and the early embryonic stages of gastrulation, neurulation and blastulation. Key terms discussed include sperm, egg, zygote, embryo and stages of development. Evaluation methods like multiple choice questions are also mentioned.