This document provides an overview of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), an aircraft manufacturer in India. HAL was formed in 1964 through the merger of several aircraft companies and today has 19 production units. It describes the basic components of an aircraft including the fuselage, wings, empennage, power plant, and landing gear. The roles of lift, thrust, drag and gravity in flight are outlined. Common materials used in airframe construction like aluminum, titanium, and composites are mentioned due to their strength and lightweight properties. The power plant and its function in providing thrust via the propeller or jet engine is summarized. The landing gear, typically a tricycle design, allows the plane to taxi and land.