The document discusses appcessories, which are complementary devices that enable physical interactions to strengthen digital experiences. It provides an overview of how Bluetooth is well-suited for appcessories due to its performance and widespread adoption. The document then gives an example of implementing a Bluetooth-enabled smart lock, including defining the use cases, services, and attribute tables. It also provides guidance on development resources and platforms for creating Bluetooth appcessories.

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Appcessories
Bridging the Digital to the Physical

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What’s In It For Me?
• Understand the opportunity
– Great potential for growth and monetization with
appcessories
– Bluetooth technology‟s role
• What a sample Bluetooth implementation
looks like
– From „profiles‟ and use cases to code
• Where to find more resources
– Hint: developer.bluetooth.org

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Digital and Physical Worlds Collide!

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Appcessories = Application + Accessory
They are complementary devices that enable people
to interact with technology like never before by
creating physical experiences to strengthen the digital
experience
What Is An Appcessory?
MobiPlex - SwingTIP
What makes Bluetooth a good fit
for Appcessories?
 Performance
 THE Standard for device
connectivity

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1,000,000,000 Devices*
Why Should I Care?
1,000,000,000x Applications
* 2012 ANALYSIS OF THE BLUETOOTH MARKET AND INDUSTRY, ABI Research

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Let Me Share a Story…

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Bluetooth – Bridging the Gap
App for the
Phone
Sensor-based
device for the
Lock
For the
Connection
• Well defined specs and protocols
• Standard way to implement
solutions

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Smart Device Profiles – Defining the Use Cases
A Generic Attribute Profile
(GATT) is a description of how a
device functions for a given
scenario/use case
Generic Attribute Profile
Service
Value
Characteristic
Value
Value
Value
Characteristic
Value
Value
First thing we need to do is to define the
use cases…

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Profile for the Lock Mechanism
What is your use case? Let’s focus on the
Password-enabled scenario
Admin User Lock
Turn ‘on’ PWD
PWD ‘on’ AK
Change PWD
Send Admin PWD
Admin PWD
Send Good/Bad
New User PWD
Send User PWD
Change AK
In this flow, we will assume that the Admin PWD given is correct
Encrypted
Encrypted
• We want an admin to be able to turn passwords on/off
• We want an admin to be able to send an ‘admin’ password, which can then be used to set the
‘user’ password

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Service Definition for the Lock Mechanism
High-level sample profile
Lock Mechanism Profile
Lock Service
Yes
Locked
…
Code Service
ON
Status
12345
User Code
54321
Admin Code
• Use case scenarios are
important to define
– Design decisions are important to your
scenario(s)
– Lock Service – is it simply a toggle?
– Code Service – are we covering all of the
right use cases?
• Quick word on Adopted
Profiles…
– Proximity is an example
– Contains a „link loss‟, an „immediate alert
level‟, and a „transmit power‟ service
– Can easily add those services to your
„custom‟ profile‟.

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Attribute Tables for Lock Mechanism
Handle Type Value Permissions
1 «Primary Service» «Code Service» --
2 «Status» {r/w, 3, «Value for Status»} Read/Write
3 «Value for Status» “ON” --
4 «User Code» {r/w, 5, «Value for Code»} Read/Write
5 «Value for Code» “12345” --
6 «Admin Code» {r/w, 7, «Value for Code»} Read/Write
7 «Value for Code» “54321” --
• Smart Device stores Service data in
an Attribute Table
– Implemented on the actual Smart Device to
store data
• Structure defined by GATT
– Every entry in the table is considered an
attribute
– Service, Characteristic, Value, etc

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Smart Ready Platforms and Profiles
When creating apps for modern
smartphone platforms, many
Bluetooth details are abstracted away
by the underlying SDK
• In many cases, still requires
knowledge of the profile.
• Each platform has their own
SDK and are a bit different
– Microsoft, Apple, Blackberry, Google
• Refer to the SDK docs of the
platform you are targeting
Generic Attribute Profile
Service
Value
Characteristic
Value
Value
Value
Characteristic
Value
Value

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• Smart Device Discovery
Typical Bluetooth Application Flow
Smart Device Advertises Itself
Smart Ready Hub Scans for Advertisements
Smart Ready Hub requests a
Connection
Smart Device accepts Connection
request
• Smart Device Connection to Smart Ready Hub

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• Interacting with Services
Typical Bluetooth Application Flow
– Smart Ready Hub can look at
services and the values they contain
in Smart Devices
– Smart Ready Hub can send
commands to the Smart Device
services
– Smart Ready Hub can receive
commands and updates from the
Smart Device
• Requires the services to be configured
properly on the Smart Device

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Lockitron – Not Just a Story
• Turn your mobile phone into a
key.
• Send permanent or temporary
virtual keys to family, friends and
house guests.
• Your mobile phone can be better
than a key – keep it in your
pocket.
Keyless entry with your phone
– Bluetooth low energy – “…the only wireless technology we can keep on for extended
periods and is integrated directly into mobile phones.”
– “With Bluetooth low energy, we can carry out commands without the user tapping the
app.”
Cameron Robertson, Founder

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Bridging the Digital to the Physical
Internet
Connected
Native APIs
for
applications
®

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Implementation – Getting Started
• Texas Instruments CC2541
– Single-chip single-mode Bluetooth low energy
System-on-a-Chip
– Contains radio, MCU, stack, profiles, applications,
and on-chip peripherals – everything needed for
your product!
• CC2541 Sensor Tag Kit
– Fully working Bluetooth low energy peripheral
based on CC2541
– Contains sensors for temperature, humidity,
accelerometer, magnetometer
– Enables app developers to quickly develop
prototype Bluetooth low energy software
• CC2541 Mini Development Kit
– Includes CC2541 Keyfob, USB Dongle, and
Debugger
– Enables CC2541 embedded software development

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Implementation – TI iOS SensorTag App
• Targeting Smart Phone App Developers
• Limitless App Possibilities
– Health and fitness, medical, educational tools, toys,
remote controls, mobile phone accessories, and
proximity.
• The CC2541 SensorTag kit shortens the
design time for Bluetooth low energy
app development from months to hours
– No embedded software design knowledge required.
– The SensorTag includes all SW needed for App
development
– TI has a SensorTag App on the App Store providing
developers with easy access to the tools they need.
– iOS Example App Source Code available for
download at http://ti.com/sensortag

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Implementation – Developing for iOS
• Development done using Xcode
• Xcode runs on OSX [Mountain] Lion
• Xcode and simulator is free
– BLE requires physical iOS device
• Physical device download requires Apple Developer Account
– Costs 99$ per year at developer.apple.com/programs/ios

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Implementation – iOS Source Code
• The communication is asynchronous
between app and iOS’s CoreBluetooth API
• We issue commands to CBCentralManager
and CBPeripheral
– [BLEUtility writeCharacteristic ...] 
– [peripheral writeValue:data ... ];
• Then act as delegate for CBCentralManager
– centralManagerDidUpdateState
– didDiscoverPeripheral
– didConnectPeripheral
• And for CBPeripheral
– didDiscoverServices
– didUpdateValueForCharacteristic
– didWriteValueForCharacteristic
• Delegates implement callbacks according to
a protocol. A design pattern used in iOS.

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Implementation – Developing for CC2541
• TI provides license-free Bluetooth low energy qualified
protocol stack and profiles
• Application development using C using IAR Embedded
Workbench
• Operating system abstraction layer (OSAL) with
priorized event handler, memory management, task
messaging, and NV drivers
• Sample applications included with SDK
– Standard profile applications such as Proximity, Heart Rate Sensor,
Glucose Sensor, etc...
– Custom profile applications such as SensorTag, Generic Peripheral,
Generic Central
• Additional Features
– Over-the-Air Firmware Updates
– Boot Image Manager- run multiple firmware images on one chip
– Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) drivers for on-chip peripherals including
SPI, UART, I2C, ADC, Timers

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Resources on the Portal
• Knowledge Center
– White papers
– Training Videos
• Development Resources
– Quick Start Kit
– Platform availability for Smart and
Smart Ready
– Recorded webinars on
development topics
– Links to SIG tools (PTS, etc.)
• Forums
• GATT specifications
http://developer.bluetooth.org

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Coming Soon – New Developer Resources
• Bluetooth Quick Start Kit v2
– Fundamentals for device makers new to
Bluetooth Low Energy
• GATT, GAP, ATT, adopted profiles, etc.
– Sample application
• “Hello Bluetooth”
– iOS, Android, Windows 8
• Bluetooth Application
Accelerators v1
– Accelerator for application developers
– Educational content
• Setting up your environment
• Tutorial/code walkthrough
– Fully commented sample code
• iOS initially http://developer.bluetooth.org

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Appcessories – Join the Movement
• Appcessory market is mainstream
– Great potential for growth and monetization
• Bluetooth can help you bridge the digital to
the physical
– Bluetooth is the a defacto standard
• Grab a development kit and start today