research on data analysis

1. Business Research
WELCOME

2. Lecture 9

3. Data Analysis, Discussion
and Conclusion

4. Report structure
1. Title page
2. Abstract
3. Introduction
4. Related work
5. Method
6. Data analysis and Results
7. Discussion
8. Conclusion
9. References
10. Appendices

5. Data Analysis
• Once the data have been collected, the next important
phase in the research process is analysing and evaluating
the data.
• The interpretation of the data that have been collected by
using different analytical techniques according to the
requirements of the management is called analysis.
•The reason for analysing the data is to obtain research
results and to prepare the research report.
•Several mathematical and statistical models are used
to evaluate the quantitative data such as regression and t-
test.

6. Data Analysis
• Technological advances have made it possible for data
to be collected and directly fed into computers, removing
the possibility of human error.
•Questionnaire results must be reported using tables and
graphs
• Avoid first-person pronoun
• Use passive voice (It is shown / suggested that…)

7. • Questionnaire results must be reported using tables
and graphs
• Avoid first-person pronoun
• Use passive voice (It is shown / suggested that…)
Data Analysis

8. Example - Categorical
Variables

9. Example

10. Example
Conducted
questionnaire
questioned
random

11. Example
respondents
interviewees

12. mentioned
majority
slightly
minority

13. questions
common
generally

15. sample

16. In the previous exercise:

17. Highlighting your findings
•Begin a new paragraph
•Use different language
•If possible, use we and active form
•Use shorter than normal sentences
•Keep the paragraph short

18. Discussion and Conclusion

19. Discussion and Conclusion
• In Discussion / Conclusions it is essential to:
1)be clear what you did and what other authors have
done
2) highlight your unique contribution
3) discuss limitations of your findings
4) state what the applications and implications of your
research are.
5) Tie discussions to the literature and recommendations
for practice.

20. Discussion and Conclusion

22. Not making the distinction clear between what YOU
did and what OTHERS have done causes more
confusion for the reader than any grammatical or
vocabulary mistake
Discussion and Conclusion

23. Exercise
• Describe one limitation of your research, and counter
any reason for this limitation
Discussion and Conclusion

24. • Don’t end your Discussion or project proposal by
talking about your limitations.
• End with something very positive – this will be the
reader’s final impression
Discussion and Conclusion

25. Excersise
• Write ONE sentence each for these questions.
• 1) Why is my research so important?
• 2) What is the main limitation in the literature
(previous research )?
• 4) What is the main limitation of my results so far?

26. Discussion and Conclusion
• What are your research limitations?
• Unfortunately, the sample size was small …
• Show the positive side of your limitations, and
highlight that other published papers also had their
limitations

27. Don’t present your limitation in
a negative way.
Instead say
• Although the sample size was
small it was nevertheless
representative of the population
Discussion and Conclusion
Unfortunately, the sample size was
small

29. Exercise
• State the implications and possible applications
of your research.
• Talk also about future work.