The Arab world has a rich history of academic institutions and scientific advancement, but currently lags behind globally in research output and funding. Several challenges have contributed to this decline, including inadequate research funding levels in Arab nations, brain drain of talented students and researchers leaving the region, and underrepresentation of Arab research in prominent English-language citation indexes, partly due to much research being published in Arabic. Recent initiatives aim to address these issues and strengthen pan-Arab research capacity through increased collaboration, modernizing universities, boosting private and public research funding, and fostering mobility of scientists within the region.
International Students’ Perception towards Educational Tourism in the Kingdom...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Educational Tourism is any type of educational
program in which travelers move to another location mainly
for the purpose of gaining a learning experience in that
location. This research aims to become a contribution to
other previous researches conducted in the field of
educational tourism to analyze the educational tourism
industry in the Kingdom of Bahrain as a basis for its
development to attract more international students to study
in universities and higher education institutions. The research
followed a quantitative methodology by distributing a survey
questionnaire to one hundred international students from
private universities in the Kingdom. The research adopted
the random sampling technique and analyzed the data
collected from those surveys statistically using mean, r-value
and p-value figures. On the basis of research findings it is
recommended that universities should improve their services
provided to international students in terms of quality, speed
and efficiency and to provide better facilities and more
academic qualifications and degrees. Bahrain, in general,
should create an educational environment that is strong
enough and well-reputed to attract more international
students and other universities to establish their campuses in
Bahrain.
EducationUSA Weekly Update, #359, December 16, 2013EducationUSA
Accredited U.S. educational institutions can publicize their financial aid opportunities and campus news to the EducationUSA network of over 400 centers in 170 countries through our free service: EdUSA Weekly Update. EducationUSA advising centers will, in turn, circulate this information through a multitude of international channels via social media, newsletters, bulletin boards, websites, and more!
International Students’ Perception towards Educational Tourism in the Kingdom...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Educational Tourism is any type of educational
program in which travelers move to another location mainly
for the purpose of gaining a learning experience in that
location. This research aims to become a contribution to
other previous researches conducted in the field of
educational tourism to analyze the educational tourism
industry in the Kingdom of Bahrain as a basis for its
development to attract more international students to study
in universities and higher education institutions. The research
followed a quantitative methodology by distributing a survey
questionnaire to one hundred international students from
private universities in the Kingdom. The research adopted
the random sampling technique and analyzed the data
collected from those surveys statistically using mean, r-value
and p-value figures. On the basis of research findings it is
recommended that universities should improve their services
provided to international students in terms of quality, speed
and efficiency and to provide better facilities and more
academic qualifications and degrees. Bahrain, in general,
should create an educational environment that is strong
enough and well-reputed to attract more international
students and other universities to establish their campuses in
Bahrain.
EducationUSA Weekly Update, #359, December 16, 2013EducationUSA
Accredited U.S. educational institutions can publicize their financial aid opportunities and campus news to the EducationUSA network of over 400 centers in 170 countries through our free service: EdUSA Weekly Update. EducationUSA advising centers will, in turn, circulate this information through a multitude of international channels via social media, newsletters, bulletin boards, websites, and more!
International Inter-institutional Partnerships in Higher Tourism Education: ...World-Academic Journal
Though internationalization of higher education is now well documented in the developed nations, there is a dearth of literature in this area in Africa. In Kenya, the few studies available focus on inter-institutional partnerships between higher institutions of learning offering tourism education and so little is known about these partnerships. And yet Kenya being a leading tourist destination in Africa, it has increased engagements with other parts of the world including academic partnerships motivated by its position in tourism. Consequently, Kenyan universities have introduced academic programs in tourism and hospitality which are now attracting more inter-institutional partnerships. Using the case of Moi University, this study seeks to establish the extent to which staff and student exchanges resulting from these partnerships serve the interest of the collaborating departments in Kenyan universities.
4th International Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ICSSH)Global R & D Services
Conference Name: 4th International Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ICSSH), 18-20 July 2016, Kuala Lumpur
Conference Dates: 18-20 July, 2016
Conference Venue: Rumah Kelab PAUM Clubhouse (Persatuan Alumni Universiti Malaya), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Deadline for Abstract/Paper Submissions: July 15, 2016
Contact E-Mail ID: info@gahssr.org
Conference Convener: Dr. Dorothy C
Languages: English, Chinese, Arabic, Thai, Persian
1. 1st international conference of women in science without bordersAbdeslam Badre, PhD
Like her sisters in the West, the Arab female scientist has made discernible successes in science,
especially, Science and Engineering (S&E); however, her achievement has yet to be completely translated
into the S&E workforce. 2016 Data from the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine,
highlight the increasing number of degrees earned by women in science and engineering, especially in the
Middle East North Africa Region (MENA), but when all the S&E disciplines are aggregated, it is easy to
overlook both the advances in education attainment women have made in the life sciences, as well as the
continuing challenges women face in some of the physical sciences and engineering fields. The present
paper sheds lights on the current professional situation of Arab female scientists in the Middle East North
African (MENA) region. The paper argues that women in science in the MENA region, on the one hand,
have been and are being heard and seen through their: a) outstanding contributions and innovative outputs
in in applied sciences (STEM) and beyond; b) participation in various international scientific gatherings; c)
winning of a number of internationally recognized honors and prices; and d) securing substantial amounts
of research external funding establishing transnational collaborations for launching scientific undertakings.
On the other hand, Arab female scientists in the region still suffer inequality in terms of involvement in
science-based professions, decision-making and power-sharing positions, which is why although the
number of Arab female enrolments and graduations in post-graduate science education have increased
during the current decade, many of these scientists do not make their career paths into science profession
and industries, because once there, most of them are faced up with a public sphere governed by
androcentrism. The paper suggests two programmatic recommendations for bridging the gap between
women’s transition from education to career building in scientific fields.
Writing and Rhetoric in the Field of Study Abroad Outreach and AdvocacyJennifer Dodge
This Disciplinary Report focuses on the types of rhetoric used by three major sectors of study abroad outreach and advocacy, a field in which I am interested in building a career: Program Providers, Advocacy Organizations, and University Departments. Close attention is paid to the persuasive appeals of Pathos, Ethos, and Logos within certain sectors, as they vary in importance and application, depending on the audience. Furthermore, the role of social media has become increasingly important in the field, and much of the report documents the growing need for writers to organize and manage the content strategy of all communications and discourse representative of the sector.
Computer Science graduates square measure in high demand within the IT sector. Every day, several ever hopeful students leave their homes behind to travel probing for that good probability for becoming a principal student of 1 of the best technology schools.
PROCESO DE PLANIFICACIÓN EN EL PROYECTO INVESTIGATIVOmairaalvarez02
titulo de la tesis: APLICACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA MOTRICIDAD EN EL GRADO TRANSICIÓN UNOS EN EL CENTRO INTEGRAL DE CUIDADOS INFANTILES
International Inter-institutional Partnerships in Higher Tourism Education: ...World-Academic Journal
Though internationalization of higher education is now well documented in the developed nations, there is a dearth of literature in this area in Africa. In Kenya, the few studies available focus on inter-institutional partnerships between higher institutions of learning offering tourism education and so little is known about these partnerships. And yet Kenya being a leading tourist destination in Africa, it has increased engagements with other parts of the world including academic partnerships motivated by its position in tourism. Consequently, Kenyan universities have introduced academic programs in tourism and hospitality which are now attracting more inter-institutional partnerships. Using the case of Moi University, this study seeks to establish the extent to which staff and student exchanges resulting from these partnerships serve the interest of the collaborating departments in Kenyan universities.
4th International Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ICSSH)Global R & D Services
Conference Name: 4th International Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ICSSH), 18-20 July 2016, Kuala Lumpur
Conference Dates: 18-20 July, 2016
Conference Venue: Rumah Kelab PAUM Clubhouse (Persatuan Alumni Universiti Malaya), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Deadline for Abstract/Paper Submissions: July 15, 2016
Contact E-Mail ID: info@gahssr.org
Conference Convener: Dr. Dorothy C
Languages: English, Chinese, Arabic, Thai, Persian
1. 1st international conference of women in science without bordersAbdeslam Badre, PhD
Like her sisters in the West, the Arab female scientist has made discernible successes in science,
especially, Science and Engineering (S&E); however, her achievement has yet to be completely translated
into the S&E workforce. 2016 Data from the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine,
highlight the increasing number of degrees earned by women in science and engineering, especially in the
Middle East North Africa Region (MENA), but when all the S&E disciplines are aggregated, it is easy to
overlook both the advances in education attainment women have made in the life sciences, as well as the
continuing challenges women face in some of the physical sciences and engineering fields. The present
paper sheds lights on the current professional situation of Arab female scientists in the Middle East North
African (MENA) region. The paper argues that women in science in the MENA region, on the one hand,
have been and are being heard and seen through their: a) outstanding contributions and innovative outputs
in in applied sciences (STEM) and beyond; b) participation in various international scientific gatherings; c)
winning of a number of internationally recognized honors and prices; and d) securing substantial amounts
of research external funding establishing transnational collaborations for launching scientific undertakings.
On the other hand, Arab female scientists in the region still suffer inequality in terms of involvement in
science-based professions, decision-making and power-sharing positions, which is why although the
number of Arab female enrolments and graduations in post-graduate science education have increased
during the current decade, many of these scientists do not make their career paths into science profession
and industries, because once there, most of them are faced up with a public sphere governed by
androcentrism. The paper suggests two programmatic recommendations for bridging the gap between
women’s transition from education to career building in scientific fields.
Writing and Rhetoric in the Field of Study Abroad Outreach and AdvocacyJennifer Dodge
This Disciplinary Report focuses on the types of rhetoric used by three major sectors of study abroad outreach and advocacy, a field in which I am interested in building a career: Program Providers, Advocacy Organizations, and University Departments. Close attention is paid to the persuasive appeals of Pathos, Ethos, and Logos within certain sectors, as they vary in importance and application, depending on the audience. Furthermore, the role of social media has become increasingly important in the field, and much of the report documents the growing need for writers to organize and manage the content strategy of all communications and discourse representative of the sector.
Computer Science graduates square measure in high demand within the IT sector. Every day, several ever hopeful students leave their homes behind to travel probing for that good probability for becoming a principal student of 1 of the best technology schools.
PROCESO DE PLANIFICACIÓN EN EL PROYECTO INVESTIGATIVOmairaalvarez02
titulo de la tesis: APLICACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA MOTRICIDAD EN EL GRADO TRANSICIÓN UNOS EN EL CENTRO INTEGRAL DE CUIDADOS INFANTILES
El Espíritu santo perfeccionando a la iglesia: Pastor Aldo F. AcostaAldo Fernando Acosta M
Esta es una colección de sermones del pastor Aldo F Acosta, que están a tu disposición en la web, que el Señor Jesucristo continué bendiciendo tu vida. déjanos tus comentarios.
The Arab world is enlisted at the end of nations in the field of scientific research. The very low ratio of sharing the world's scientific research
accompanied by low quality affected the Arab nation deeply in various aspects of life. Arab countries must start fundamental reform
processes in the scientific research field. It is an investment in the future. As a cornerstone of development, improving educational standards
represent a fundamental step in the reform and change process, and thus must hold a priority position in states’ agendas. Arab
universities resemble the place of scientific research. In this study, we are looking into the reasons for this shortage after identifying and
explaining the current situation of Arab universities and their outcome of scientific research by exposing them to figures. The study is trying to
answer some questions. Do Arab universities have the opportunity to achieve advancement in the future? How can Arab universities
maintain their development? According to the findings, the researcher submits some recommendations and proposals.
Keywords: Problem, Science, Investigations, Arab, Country
The status of education in the Arab world is currently echoing an alarming siren. Though there have been several notable achievements and many reforms in public policy, they mainly fall under the “engineering” of education and fail to develop the educational tool for freedom and development. For the Arab world to be able to catch up with the knowledge revolution and succeed in creating a strong knowledge society, it needs to develop a holistic creative multi-player solution to transcend the eminent gaps and take quantum development leaps.
In this paper I will depict the educational scene in the Arab world, highlighting the most dangerous current challenges, spot the light on the achievements that have taken place so far, and accordingly propose an effective solution that integrates all related pillars and the missing links considering the successful model of the European Union’s Creativity and Innovation strategy.
A road map to further Internationalization of Higher Education in the UAE by incorporating the arabic culture so as to become an Education Hub in the GCC region..
Science – one of the “Europes” that Serbia have already joined inMilan Zdravković
Equally known for its hospitality and intolerance, deliciuous and heart breaking (literally) food, beautiful nature and careless urbanism, Serbia is and always was a land of fascinating constrasts. It seems that it is these contrasts that make the Serbs alive and kicking, always ready for argument, eager to bounce the energy of the oponent to its face or the whole world, whatsoever. Surprisingly, such unprecedented passion for conflict, tendency to question anything and everything, combined with numerous economic and social challenges and their personal, very individual reflections, actually build up a real “hero” potential. Today, this potential steadily and silently develops in the small community of people who have chosen to challenge the ideas, rather than personal economic and social issues.
Understanding "Openness" in Research on Open Educational Resources: Deliberat...ROER4D
Understanding "Openness" in Research on Open Educational Resources: Deliberations of the ROER4D Project
Presentation for eLearning Africa, 10th International Conference on ICT for Development, Education & Training, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 20-22 May 2015
Welcome Speech At The Libsense Regional Open Science Policy Development WorkshopElvis Muyanja
By Prof. Venansius Baryamureeba, Chairman Of Board Of Directors, Uganda Technology And Management University (UTAMU) barya@utamu.ac.ug | www.utamu.ac.ug
Hindrances of International Publication of Egyptian Educational Researches fr...Hossam Morad
International research publication is considered one of the important issues that contribute to improving competition among universities as well as taking advanced positions in world ranking of universities. However, it is noticed that international publication at many Egyptian universities in general, and at Damietta University in particular, is low when compared to that of other countries, especially in the fields of educational sciences. Through communicating with the teaching staff members of the educational faculties of Damietta University, the current study tries to find out the hindrances that prevent publication in international journals with impact factor. This research used quantitative and qualitative techniques to collect and analyze data. Interviews and questionnaires were the principal data collection tools for the study. Conclusions: The main causes of these hindrances are the high cost of
international publication, the less knowledge of publication rules and standards of world publication journals and many other hindrances. The results of data analysis showed that there is a direct relationship between a staff member who got his/her PhD from a foreign country, especially an English speaking one, and his/her interest and success in publishing his/her researches
in impact factor international journals. The results of this study can be applied to other universities in Egypt or in other countries which speak English as a second language.
Speaker: Williams Nwagwu, CODESRIA
Presentation at the Eldis 20th Anniversary event "Learning from 20 years of digital knowledge sharing for global development" held at IDS on Thursday 15 September 2016 and Friday 16 September 2016.
A video of this presentation is available at:
https://youtu.be/pATTGCPD84k
Study in israel 2020 - Undergraduate / Bachelor ProgramEdunationIsrael
EDUNATIONIsrael promotes Study in Israel Globally. Study in Israel 2020 - Undergraduate / Bachelor Programs details all English taught undergraduate programs offered by Israeli top institutions
Study in israel 2020 - Undergraduate / Bachelor ProgramsCynthiaGeva
EDUNATIONIsrael promotes study in Israel globally. The Study in Israel booklet includes all international undergraduate / bachelor programs taught entirely in English in Israel.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
insect taxonomy importance systematics and classification
Building capacity for research in the MENA region
1. The Arab world is an ancient seat of learning, higher education and scientific research. During the seventh
century, the Islamic civilisation founded numerous madrasa, or educational institutions, including the
University of Al-Karaouine, believed by many to be the oldest degree-granting tertiary institution in the
world.1
Established in Fez, Morocco in 859 by Fatima Al-Fihri; this historic establishment remains a multi-
faculty university today.2
During this era, Arab communities also furthered scientific knowledge through a range of non-religious
establishments that included hospitals, libraries and private academies such as the Beit al Hikma (House
of Wisdom) in Baghdad. These made many meaningful contributions in the fields of medicine, physics,
astronomy and mathematics, among other sectors.
Despite its rich academic history, Arab research does not feature prominently on the world stage today.
Analysis based on data from the Web of Science™ – the scientific citation indexing service managed by
Thomson Reuters – indicates that around 80 times more research papers from the United States than
the average Arab nation are included in the index. In 2013, more than 375,000 papers from the U.S. were
included in the Web of Science™, compared to 9,181 from Saudi Arabia, 7,824 from Egypt and 314 from Syria.3
CONTEMPORARY PAN-ARAB RESEARCH CLIMATE
There are numerous social, economic, political and cultural challenges that have slowed the pace of knowledge development in the Arab
Middle East and hindered international cooperation. These obstacles include:
1. Inadequate funding
The UNDP Arab Knowledge Report of 2014 found that the R&D expenditure in Arab nations, as a percentage of GDP, ranges between
0.03 and 0.73%. This lags behind the global average of 2.13%.
According to the report, “The gap is evident if we compare the Arab region to countries of the European Union, whose percentage of
R&D expenditure reaches 1.98%, or Japan, whose percentage is about 3.39% of the GDP.”
Without sufficient funding, the Arab region’s research organisations are less able to invest in the specialised facilities, advanced tools,
and academic talent that are required to produce globally competitive research.
2. Brain drain
Another challenge in the Arab world is the tendency for promising students and talented researchers to leave the region for
opportunities in international universities and corporations. The causes of emigration are complex and vary by Arab nation – however
key ‘push’ factors include low wages and less competitive research and academic environments.
A 2012 World Bank study indicates that there are millions of Arab immigrants in OECD countries including 1.5 million from Morocco, 1.3
million from Algeria, 400,000 from Tunisia and 300,000 from Lebanon, Iraq, and Egypt individually. Moreover, 35% of Arab immigrants
are graduates of higher education.4
This represents a significant amount of talent, skills and knowledge that Arab nations now need to
function without.
BUILDING CAPACITY FOR RESEARCH
IN THE ARAB WORLD
2. BUILDING KNOWLEDGE-RICH AND GLOBALLY COMPETITIVE UNIVERSITIES IN THE MENA REGION
3. Under-represented in prominent citation indexes
In the global research environment, citation statistics play a key role in building reputations and attracting grant finance. The low citation
frequency of Arab research in high-profile citation indexes puts the region at a disadvantage.
However, while there is value in raising the international profile of Arab knowledge, this does not necessarily mean that all academics in
the region should conform to global priorities. International rankings do not always accurately reflect the value of the paper in context –
there will always be a need for research that tackles challenges unique to the Arab world.
4. Lost in translation
A significant proportion of research from this region is published in Arabic, particularly when it is conducted in response to local
challenges or focused on issues of regional interest. According to Wail Benjelloun, president of the Mohammed V University-Agdal in
Morocco, the fields of humanities and the social sciences are the most likely to publish papers in Arabic because they address national
concerns and are aimed at a local audience.5
English is widely considered to be the lingua franca of research communication and this can affect the likelihood of non-English
language papers being published in high-impact English-language journals.
COMPARING APPLES TO APPLES
A bespoke citation index for Arabic research could be one way to tackle the language barrier. This index could use metrics that reflect
unique regional priorities, allowing local research to be evaluated in context.
An index focused on Arabic language papers could have a positive impact on the research culture in the region, in that academics would
have a more accessible platform for sharing their work and a greater chance of being recognised for their knowledge contribution. In turn,
this could stimulate local and regional collaborations, aiding the advancement of a more dynamic and productive pan-Arab research
culture.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ARABIC LANGUAGE RESEARCH
It is essential for Arab researchers to address the political, social and economic challenges that affect their countries and region. As
participant observers, Arab academics are able to produce research that is more in-depth and less likely to be skewed by the cultural and
linguistic barriers that foreign scholars may have to overcome.
Arabic, spoken by over 300 million people in 22 countries, is the fifth most commonly spoken language in the world. Fostering the growth
of Arabic language research will help to improve global and intercultural understanding – as local concepts can be explored in their proper
context.6
STRATEGIES FOR BUILDING PAN-ARAB RESEARCH CAPACITY
Several projects have been implemented in recent years to improve the framework for education, research and knowledge production in the
region.
In March 2014, the Arab states began collaboration on the Strategy for Science, Technology and Innovation (STI). 7
This strategy focuses on
fuelling economic development and improving research performance by:
• Advancing science education at all levels
• Upgrading and reforming universities
• Increasing financial support for research and development
• Fostering greater mobility of scientists within the region
• Encouraging collaboration with international higher education organisations
The strategy proposes that Arab states escalate R&D funding from the current 0.3% of GDP to 3%, with a 30-40% contribution by the
private sector, by creating a dedicated fund for science and technology development that is supported by new funding methods, such as
taxes and customs.
Another priority set out in the strategy is to establish a network of science centres of excellence across the Arab world to promote
collaboration through research partnerships.