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1)Please explain the commands ifconfig, ping, traceroute, netstat, d.pdf
Bt0076, tcp ip
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ASSIGNMENT
PROGRAM BSC IT
SEMESTER 3RD
SUBJECT CODE & NAME BT0076, TCP/IP
CREDIT 4
BK ID B0965
MAX.MARKS 60
Note: Answer all questions. Kindly note that answers for 10 marks questions should be approximately
of 400 words. Each questionis followedbyevaluationscheme.
Q.1 Draw the diagram of TCP/IP protocol suit.Explain network interface layerand Internet layer.
Answer: - The acronyms TCP and IP stand for Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol,
respectively.Thus,youcouldbe forgivenforthinking
Q.2 Define and explainaddressresolutionprotocol (ARP). Describe ARP packet generation.
Answer: - The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a telecommunication protocol used for resolution of
network layer addresses into link layer addresses, a critical function in multiple-access networks. ARP
was defined by RFC 826 in 1982. It is Internet Standard STD 37. It is also the name of the program for
manipulatingtheseaddressesinmostoperating
Q.3 Define userdatagram. ExplainUDP datagram format and UDP ApplicationProgramming Interface.
2. Answer: - The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of the Internet protocol suite
(the set of network protocols used for the Internet). With UDP, computer applications can send
messages, in this case referred to as datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network
without prior communications to set up special transmission channels or data paths. The protocol was
designedbyDavidP.Reedin1980 and formally
Q.4 Write note on:
Answer: - The Hierarchical Namespace:-
The DNS hierarchical namespace is a map of how DNS servers determine what IP address to connect to
givena URL.
Registrars: - Registars such as VeriSign, the operator of the .com and .net top-level domains, let any
company, organization, or private individual register a TLD for any number of years. The domain name is
thenaddedto the Whoisdirectory,andmay
When connecting to a host (using an SSH client, for example), you must specify the FQDN. The DNS
server then resolves the hostname to its IP address by looking at its DNS table. The host is contacted and
youreceive aloginprompt.
Q.5 Define Remote ExecutionCommandProtocol (REXEC and RSH). Explain itsprinciple of operation.
Answer:- REXECD (Remote EXEcution Command Daemon) is a server that allows execution of the REXEC
or RSH (Remote Shell Protocol) command from a remote host over the TCP/IP network. The client
functionisperformedbythe REXECprocess.
Principle of Operation:- REXECD is a server (or daemon). It handles commands issued by foreign hosts,
and transfers orders to slave virtual machines for job execution. The daemon performs automatic login,
and userauthenticationwhen
3. Q.6 Explainthe followingversionsofSNMP:
Answer: - SNMPv1:- Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an "Internet-standard protocol
for managing devices on IP networks". Devices that typically support SNMP include routers, switches,
servers,workstations,printers,modem
2. SNMPv2:- SNMPv2 currently exists in at least three flavors, SNMPv2c, SNMPv2u, and SNMPv2*.
SNMPv2c is community-based and is specified in RFCs 1902 through 1908. SNMPv2u is user-based and is
specifiedinRFCs1909 and1910.
3. SNMPv2 entity: - A SNMPv2 entity is an actual process which performs network management
operations by generating and/or responding to SNMPv2 protocol messages in the manner specified in .
Whena SNMPv2 entityisactingas a
4. SNMPv2 party: - A SNMPv2 party is a conceptual, virtual execution environment whose operation is
restricted to an administratively defined subset of all possible operations of a particular SNMPv2 entity
Whenever a SNMPv2 entity processes a SNMPv2 message, it does so by acting as a SNMPv2 party and is
therebyrestrictedtothe set
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