The document provides an overview of the British Conservative Party, including its history and organization. It discusses how the party traces its roots back to the Tories in the 17th century and was officially formed under Robert Peel in 1834. It also outlines the party's structure, with bodies like the 1922 Committee and Board. Additionally, it lists some key Conservative policies and prime ministers like Thatcher, Major, Cameron, and the current leader Boris Johnson.

1. Wednesday, November 24, 1830
Est. 1869 Price 6d
The fall of monarchy Vs the rise of Parliament
Magna Carta
kings are no
longer the sole
authority over
the nation, but
rather they
would govern
through feudal
principles
protecting
individuals
liberties (David
McDowall, 1989:
30).
The House of Lords
The upper chamber of parliament
including nobles appointed by the
government.
Done by:
Brahimi Asmaa.
ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY NEWSPAPER
British Political Parties
The house of Commons
The lower chamber of the
parliament made of
democratically-elected nights
Absolutism
A system in which kings take
full control of both state and
church claiming it’s a divine
right.

2. Why the Party System
* Social status triggered a division within
society itself and thus dividing the country
according to race, religion, class, etc. these
class cleavages divisions were reflected in
the British Parties. ( Lindsay 1979: 1-25)

3. The Conservative Party
• It was founded in the 1830s though some historians
still argue that it dates back to 1620s( to King
Charles I).
• From about 1820 the name “Tory” was commonly
used to refer to the ancestors of the conservatives.
• In 1834 it was officially called the conservative party
under the leadership of Sir Robert Peel.
• The Tames Worth Manifesto, issued by peel, is
believed to be the basis upon which the party rose.
(ibid)

4. All conservative MPs are by
default members of the committee.
It is the head of the parliamentary
party. Its leader forms policy in
consolidation with the cabinet and
the administration.
The board is the national governing
body of the party. It is responsible of
operational matters such as fund
raising, membership candidates and
internal elections. It is the ultimate
decision maker
The party believes that
free market and
individual achievements
are the primary factors
behind economic
prosperity. One concrete
economic policy would
be the opposition to the
European single
currency
The Organization of the Party
Hart-Carr 2013:153-164
 The 1922 committee
 The conservative
party board
 The economic policy

5. History of the party
The Conservative Party history traces
back to a group of people who were
called Tories in the late 1600s
(Oakland,2002).
At that time, political parties were not
organized yet. The tories were
lawmakers supporters of the king
against the parliament . In 1783 the
people elected the Tories to be in
power. The country was governed
during the Napoleonic wars by Prime
Minister William Pitt the Younger .
During this period, official parties were
formed. By 1830 the Tories had become
the Conservative Party (Louth&
Webb,2019)

6. • The first Conservative
government was formed by Sir
Robert Peel, whose program, set
out in the Tamworth
Manifesto (1834), which
emphasizes the necessity of low
and taxation.
• Made an systematic system of
taxation
• the importance of both landed
interests , trade and industry
(Louth& Webb,2019)

7. The Contemporary Age of Conservatism
• The modern age of Conservatism began
in the 1860s, when Benjamin
Disraeli took power. Those were the
golden days of the party being famous
with the monarch , the queen Victoria
and the nation. Until then the party
consisted of the wealthy landowners.
• Disraeli reformed that and instigated to
draw supporters from the middle class
and workers (Beer,1952).
• Disraeli’s emphasis on social reform to
‘to elevate the condition of the people’.

8. • In 1915 the Conservatives party was in a coalition with the
Liberal Party to govern the country during World War I. Their
leader, Stanley Baldwin, was a popular politician with his party
and the people. The party stayed in power for most of the next
20 years. Baldwin was Conservative leader until 1937, when
Neville Chamberlain replaced him being both as both a prime
minister and party leader (Beer,1952).
• After World War II broke out, politicians were angry at
Chamberlain’s poor leadership and he was enforced to walk out
in 1940. Winston Churchill took over as prime minister for the
duration of the war.

9. Young Conservatives
In 1945 they lost power and after years the
Conservatives formed a new youth
movement, called Young Conservatives.
They also became concerned in education
and research. The party returned to power in
1951 till1964 (Blaker, 2020).
During this time they updated their policies.
They also accepted to keep many of the
changes that the Labour government brought.
The Conservative prime ministers during this
period were Sir Anthony Eden, Harold
Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home (Blaker,
2020).

10. From 1964 to 1979 the
Conservatives took power
interchangeably with
the Labour Party. Edward
Heath was prime minister from
1970 to 1974. In 1979 the
Conservative leader Margaret
Thatcher became the first
British female prime minister.
She was succeeded by John
Major in 1990 (Louth& Webb,2019)
.

11. • When Major lost the general election in
1997, the Labour took the power . The
party then had a successions of leaders
as they wanted to re-claim power.
• In the general election of May 2010 the
Conservatives earned the most seats in
Parliament. However, they were not able
to establish a government on their own.
• The leader of the Conservatives, David
Cameron argued with the leaders of
the Liberal Democratic Party to try to
earn their support in order to form a
government. He succeeded in his
debates , and on May 11 Gordon Brown
resigned as prime minister. “Cameron
became the new prime minister as head
of a coalition government” (Louth&

12. Some of the party policies
 The tax system has to be the wheel of encouraging marriage.
 People who reject to work when offered a job ,that they are
able to perform ,should not get benefits from the state.
 Pensions should be related to a person's average earnings.
 United Kingdom should not welcome always immigration.
 Considerable support should be given to the army and their
families
 Britain should maintain its nuclear weapons.
 The country monarchy should be conserved as an authority.
 The maintainence of Britain’s election system.
• “Homeowners should not be punished by law for defending
themselves against people who break into their homes” (Louth
& Webb, 2019)

13. Major Prime Ministers
• Edward Heath 1970-74
• Margret Thatcher1979-1990
• John Major 1990-97
• David Cameron 2005-2016
• Theresa May 2016-2019
• Boris Johnson 2019-today

14. The end

15. List of refrences
• Beer, S. (1952). The Conservative Party of Great Britain. The Journal of
Politics, 14(1), 41-71. Retrieved September 8, 2020, from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2126388
• Blaker, j., 2020. Conservative Party. [online] Britannica Kids. Retrieved September
08,2020, from https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Conservative-Party/476243 .
• Louth, L., & Webb, P. (2019, December 13). Conservative Party. Retrieved
September 08, 2020, from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Conservative-Party-
political-party-United-Kingdom
• Oakland John, 2002. British Civilization an Introduction. 5th ed. London:
Routledge.