This document discusses interleukin-19 (IL-19) and its role in breast cancer. IL-19 belongs to the IL-10 family of cytokines and signals through the IL-20 receptor. IL-19 is expressed in several types of tumors, including breast cancer, where its expression correlates with increased metastasis and poor survival. Recent research has explored the mechanisms of IL-19 in breast cancer, finding that IL-19 has an autocrine effect in breast cancer cells, directly promoting proliferation and migration. This suggests IL-19 is a prognostic marker in breast cancer and targeting IL-19 may have therapeutic potential.

2. Breast cancer
eman abd el-raouf ahmed

3. Abstract:
Interleukin-19 is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-10 family of cytokines along with several other interleukins
including IL-10, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, and several virus-encoded cytokines. It signals through the same cell
surface receptor (IL-20R) that is used by IL-20 and IL-24. The IL-19 gene is expressed in resting monocytes and B
cells. It is up-regulated in monocytes following stimulation with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating
factor (GM-CSF) or lipopolysaccharide.
IL-19 is expressed in several types of tumor cells, especially in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, tongue,
esophagus, and lung and invasive duct carcinoma of the breast. In breast cancer, IL-19 expression is correlated
with increased mitotic figures, advanced tumor stage, higher metastasis, and poor survival. The mechanisms of
IL-19 in breast cancer have recently been explored both in vitro and in vivo. IL-19 has an autocrine effect in
breast cancer cells. It directly promotes proliferation and migration and indirectly provides a microenvironment
for tumor progression, which suggests that IL-19 is a prognostic marker in breast cancer and that antagonizing
IL-19 may have therapeutic potential.

4. Dedication
To my parents abd el-raouf ahmed and
nadia ali who gave me life,taught me to be
independent and grateful and support me
to pursuit my dreams.
To my friends who have been my rock,who
have kept me going and always been
positive and encouraging through the
rough patches and the good ones as well.

5. Acknowledgments
It is with sincerest gratitude that I would like to acknowledge people who
have been instrumental in helping me to achieve my goal.
I reserve my deepest appreciation and gratitude to my family, friends and
loved ones who
gave their unlimited stores of love and support. Thank them for reminding
me “I Can Do
It”.
Last but certainly not least, I thank my mother and father, raouf,nadia for
everything they have given me, all they have done for me, and all they still
do. Thank them
for all the meaning they have infused into my life and all that they keep on
giving.

6. VITA
BORN:20 feb. 1991,alex-egypt.
2009-2012 ALEXANDRIA UNIVRSITY,alex,Egypt.
Faculty of science ,alex,Egypt.
Bachelor’s of Science
Major:biochemistry
Minor :chemistry
2013 ALEXANDRIA UNIVERSITY,alex,Egypt.
Medical research insttute ,alex,Egypt.
Department:immunology and allergy
Fields of Study: Cancer Immunology, Molecular and
Cellular biology

7. Research experience:
Research experience
Project1:ginger effect for reducing inflammation
science,alex2012
Project2:reducing hepato carcinoma
alex ,2013
Project3:anti –interleukins to reduce breast cancer
alex 2014
Research awards:
Investigator Research Award .August 2014
Oral presentation award .February 2014 –annual meeting
(from theory to application )-science syndicate

8. Table of contents:
Abstract………………………………………………………………………
………………2
Dedications…………………………………………………………………
……………….3
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………
……………….4
Vita………………………………………………………………………………
………………5
Abbreviations
……………………………………………………………………………..6
Chapter1-introduction

9. Chapter1-introduction
immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer…….8 1.1
1.1.2 principles of immunotherapy………………………..9
1.1.3 cytokine therapy of cancer……………………………11
1.2 interleukin IL-19
1.2.1 the history of interleukin IL-19………………………21
1.2.2 the structure and expression of interleukin IL-
19……………………………………………………………………………….21
1.2.3 the structure and expression of interleukin IL-19
receptor……………………………………………………………………23
1.2.3 IL-19/IL-19 R signaling pathway………………………..23
1.3 the roles of interleukin IL-19 in immune system
1.4 interleukin IL-27………………………………………………….24
1.5 interleukin IL-10…………………………………………………28
1.5.1 the pro tumor effect of interleukin IL-10……….29

10. 1.5.2 the anti tumor effect of interleukin IL-10………..30
1.6 immune cells and tumor…………………………………..30
1.6.1 memory CD8+ T cells in tumor immunology and immune
therapy………………………………………………………32
1.6.2 T-reg cells in tumor micro environment………..33
Chapter 2:methods for determination cause of tumors
(immune techniques)
2.1
reference

11. Thank u
##eman abd el-raouf ahmed