Breakthrough Starshot - A New Nanocraft Approach to Space Exploration
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
3 likes•586 views
A growth-focused entrepreneur, Sean Zarinegar maintains an extensive Arizona real estate rental portfolio and guides American Housing Income Trust. Sean Zarinegar’s investment experience extends to the technology sphere, and he blogs on topics from the Internet to space exploration at www.seanzarinegartech.com.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Purple space opera education presentation
Space exploration provides benefits but also costs that require consideration. It drives innovation, increases knowledge, and gives hope. However, it is also costly and uses resources. A survey found most feel space exploration is necessary and the current budget is moderate, but money should also be spent improving lives on Earth. In conclusion, space exploration is important if the budget is well-managed to not worsen current conditions and instead improves living standards.
Hubble Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope was launched in 1990 and is one of NASA's Great Observatories. It was built by NASA with contributions from the European Space Agency. Hubble has undergone five servicing missions to upgrade and repair its instruments. Some of Hubble's instruments include the Wide Field Camera 3, Advanced Camera for Surveys, and Cosmic Origins Spectroscope. Hubble has made many significant contributions to astronomy and produced over 9,000 scientific papers.
C Ms Intro
This document discusses star formation rates in high redshift galaxy clusters. It describes how the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes are used to study these early galaxy clusters that formed near the beginning of the universe. Studying star formation rates in high redshift galaxies provides insights into the earliest periods of star formation and allows scientists to better understand the development and future of galaxies.
Ligo E Lab
Seismometers, tiltmeters, magnetometers, and anemometers are sensors used at LIGO facilities to measure seismic waves, ground tilt, magnetic fields, and wind velocity. Seismometers detect seismic waves using a suspended magnetic mass within coils that induces a current as the coils move. Tiltmeters similarly measure tilt. Magnetometers monitor magnetic fields including from solar storms. Anemometers measure wind speed and direction. Sensors are located at various LIGO sites. Data from individual or multiple sensors can be plotted and analyzed to study earthquakes and seismic wave propagation.
The Starshot Story: Agency Overview
This document provides an overview of what a marketing agency called Starshot does. It summarizes that Starshot provides demand generation, digital marketing, event marketing and other services. It works with clients in a strategic role to help their marketing be more cost-effective and provide consistency. Starshot prides itself on being un-agency like through its entrepreneurial and passionate approach to telling stories and spreading clients' words through various channels.
Photonic Propulsion
This document discusses various methods for propulsion in space travel, including chemical propulsion currently used by NASA, as well as experimental solar sail and photonic propulsion technologies. Solar sails use radiation pressure from the sun for propulsion but their effectiveness decreases with distance from the sun. Photonic propulsion involves using concentrated laser beams to propel spacecraft, potentially allowing speeds up to 25% of light. This technology could enable sending miniature satellites to other stars within 17 years, compared to over 40,000 years for Voyager 1 to reach the nearest star using chemical propulsion. Billionaire Yuri Miller plans to invest $100 million in a project called Breakthrough Starshot to develop these technologies further.
SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Most advanced and winning power point on space TECHNOLOGY.
Best suited for Power PowerPoint competitions.
SpaceBasedTechnologies.pdf
This document discusses space technology, both present and future. It defines space as the area above Earth's atmosphere. Present space technology includes the Hubble Space Telescope, Curiosity rover, and Kepler Spacecraft, which have made discoveries about deep space and exoplanets. Future technologies may utilize antimatter, lasers/microwaves from Earth, or solar power to enable more efficient space travel.
Recommended
Purple space opera education presentation
Space exploration provides benefits but also costs that require consideration. It drives innovation, increases knowledge, and gives hope. However, it is also costly and uses resources. A survey found most feel space exploration is necessary and the current budget is moderate, but money should also be spent improving lives on Earth. In conclusion, space exploration is important if the budget is well-managed to not worsen current conditions and instead improves living standards.
Hubble Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope was launched in 1990 and is one of NASA's Great Observatories. It was built by NASA with contributions from the European Space Agency. Hubble has undergone five servicing missions to upgrade and repair its instruments. Some of Hubble's instruments include the Wide Field Camera 3, Advanced Camera for Surveys, and Cosmic Origins Spectroscope. Hubble has made many significant contributions to astronomy and produced over 9,000 scientific papers.
C Ms Intro
This document discusses star formation rates in high redshift galaxy clusters. It describes how the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes are used to study these early galaxy clusters that formed near the beginning of the universe. Studying star formation rates in high redshift galaxies provides insights into the earliest periods of star formation and allows scientists to better understand the development and future of galaxies.
Ligo E Lab
Seismometers, tiltmeters, magnetometers, and anemometers are sensors used at LIGO facilities to measure seismic waves, ground tilt, magnetic fields, and wind velocity. Seismometers detect seismic waves using a suspended magnetic mass within coils that induces a current as the coils move. Tiltmeters similarly measure tilt. Magnetometers monitor magnetic fields including from solar storms. Anemometers measure wind speed and direction. Sensors are located at various LIGO sites. Data from individual or multiple sensors can be plotted and analyzed to study earthquakes and seismic wave propagation.
The Starshot Story: Agency Overview
This document provides an overview of what a marketing agency called Starshot does. It summarizes that Starshot provides demand generation, digital marketing, event marketing and other services. It works with clients in a strategic role to help their marketing be more cost-effective and provide consistency. Starshot prides itself on being un-agency like through its entrepreneurial and passionate approach to telling stories and spreading clients' words through various channels.
Photonic Propulsion
This document discusses various methods for propulsion in space travel, including chemical propulsion currently used by NASA, as well as experimental solar sail and photonic propulsion technologies. Solar sails use radiation pressure from the sun for propulsion but their effectiveness decreases with distance from the sun. Photonic propulsion involves using concentrated laser beams to propel spacecraft, potentially allowing speeds up to 25% of light. This technology could enable sending miniature satellites to other stars within 17 years, compared to over 40,000 years for Voyager 1 to reach the nearest star using chemical propulsion. Billionaire Yuri Miller plans to invest $100 million in a project called Breakthrough Starshot to develop these technologies further.
SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Most advanced and winning power point on space TECHNOLOGY.
Best suited for Power PowerPoint competitions.
SpaceBasedTechnologies.pdf
This document discusses space technology, both present and future. It defines space as the area above Earth's atmosphere. Present space technology includes the Hubble Space Telescope, Curiosity rover, and Kepler Spacecraft, which have made discoveries about deep space and exoplanets. Future technologies may utilize antimatter, lasers/microwaves from Earth, or solar power to enable more efficient space travel.
Gravitational waves
This document provides an overview of gravitational waves. It begins by explaining that Einstein's theory of general relativity predicted gravitational waves: ripples in spacetime created by accelerating massive objects. The document then discusses the sources of gravitational waves, including black holes and neutron stars, and the different types of gravitational waves they can produce. It describes how the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detects gravitational waves using interferometers, which measure interference patterns to study passing gravitational waves. Finally, it discusses why detecting gravitational waves can provide new insights into the universe and mentions plans to build the LIGO-India detector through a collaboration between US and Indian institutions.
Gravitational Waves
Powerpoint presentation given during my Astrophysics Seminar course at RPI, discussing gravitational waves
ED Cosexx - A SPACE TRAVELLING CORPORATION THAT AIMS TO ACHIEVE INTERGALACTIC...
COSEXX is a space technology company aiming to transform space exploration through intergalactic travel. Their main product is the ISTS-2700X spacecraft, which uses a warp drive to travel at nearly 3 million km/hr, 2700 times the speed of light. It can carry 50 people and 700 tons of cargo. COSEXX plans to use the ISTS-2700X to establish sustainable environments on life-supporting planets and expand humanity across galaxies. They aim to raise $1.5 billion to fund initial research and development of the warp drive technology and spacecraft.
ENABLING INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL: THE NEED FOR A DIVERSE MIX OF ADVANCED ENERGY C...
This paper represents a joint effort of various scholars, independent scientists and a student operating through the Interstellar Travel MeetUp group, based in Washington, D.C. in the United States of America. The project was presented during the 68th International Astronautical Federation Congress, which took place in Guadalajara, Mexico in 2016. Our paper provides a systematic evaluation of power systems in terms of their power generation capacity, size, risks and availability led to the finding that no current one single power system can be relied upon for interstellar travel. Our contribution offers considerations on topics such as space resupply stations, wireless power transmission to spaceships (while at high velocity, using tracking/tethering with lasers), as well as harvesting drones. Futuristic propulsion technologies like the ionic levitation, laser, warp and solar concentrator are considered as alternatives for current propulsion systems. In addition to placing an emphasis on fundamental physics and propulsion research, the authors propose two novel initiatives that will advance interstellar technology while producing already-valuable technologies for terrestrial and orbital use: 1) An educational development initiative – The ‘Nicola Energy City Kit’is based on existing wireless power transmission technology and existing CanSat technology – to advance wireless power and data transmission for terrestrial and interstellar use. These technologies can affordably be tested on Earth first, and then in space. We propose a broad-based open education program that also motivates students to engage in STEM-related jobs. 2) A mobile save testing bed (‘sandbox’) for radical energy concepts – The UMPH lab is an unmanned outpost that accumulates large quantities of matter in save distance from Earth and conducts autonomous experiments, while harvesting energy or matter for the science and in-orbit resupplies.
Niac phase imar04
The document summarizes an event for NIAC Phase I Fellows. It provides details on NIAC's focus on revolutionary aerospace concepts 10-40 years in the future. It outlines the keynote speakers and schedule for the Fellows meeting, including status reports from Phase I fellows and presentations from recent student selectees. Information is also provided on the student fellow selection process, future NIAC activities and deadlines, and the members of NIAC's Science Council.
tractor beams - sonic , water , laser
Physicists have developed several types of tractor beams that can manipulate objects without physical contact. A sonic tractor beam uses focused sound waves to move and rotate small objects in mid-air. Researchers have also created an optical tractor beam that uses the transfer of heat energy from a laser to pull in tiny glass spheres. Additionally, physicists discovered that simple surface waves in water can generate flow patterns capable of moving floating objects against the direction of the waves, similar to descriptions of tractor beams. These techniques could potentially be applied to applications like assembly lines, microsurgery, cleaning oil spills, and removing space junk.
Canberra Nanosatellitre Keynote-jw hines
This document summarizes NASA's research on small satellites and nanosatellites. It discusses how smaller spacecraft can enable more science missions with lower costs through increased numbers of missions. Smallsats allow for a faster learning cycle and development of new technologies. NASA's Ames Research Center has developed several smallsat platforms and payloads over the past decade for applications in Earth science, heliophysics, planetary science, and astrophysics. These include gene expression, pharmaceutical, and spectroscopy experiments. Ames is working to mature technologies for smallsat missions like advanced components, autonomous operations, and formation flying.
LunaRoo: Designing a Hopping Lunar Science Payload #space #exploration
Presentation slides from the talk given at the IEEE Aerospace Conference (@IEEEAeroConf) 2016 in Big Sky, Montana, USA.
We describe a hopping science payload solution de- signed to exploit the Moon’s lower gravity to leap up to 20m above the surface. The entire solar-powered robot is compact enough to fit within a 10cm cube, whilst providing unique observation and mission capabilities by creating imagery during the hop. The LunaRoo concept is a proposed payload to fly onboard a Google Lunar XPrize entry. Its compact form is specifically designed for lunar exploration and science mission within the constraints given by PTScientists. The core features of LunaRoo are its method of locomotion – hopping like a kangaroo - and its imaging system capable of unique over-the- horizon perception. The payload will serve as a proof of concept, highlighting the benefits of alternative mobility solutions, in particular enabling observation and exploration of terrain not traversable by wheeled robots. in addition providing data for beyond line-of-sight planning and communications for surface assets, extending overall mission capabilities.
Methods of grain storage Structures in India.pdf
•Post-harvestlossesaccountforabout10%oftotalfoodgrainsduetounscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,
•Totalfoodgrainproductioninindiais311milliontonnesandstorageis145mt.InIndia,annualstoragelosseshavebeenestimated14mtworthofRs.7,000croreinwhichinsectsaloneaccountfornearlyRs.1,300crores.
•InIndiaoutofthetotalproduction,about30%ismarketablesurplus
•Remaining70%isretainedandstoredbyfarmersforconsumption,seed,feed.Hence,growerneedstoragefacilitytoholdaportionofproducetosellwhenthemarketingpriceisfavourable
•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
seed production, Nursery & Gardening.pdf
This presentation offers a general idea of the structure of seed, seed production, management of seeds and its allied technologies. It also offers the concept of gene erosion and the practices used to control it. Nursery and gardening have been widely explored along with their importance in the related domain.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
fermented food science of sauerkraut.pptx
This ppt contains the production of a fermented food name - sauerkraut
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
Class 10 human eye notes physics
Handwritten best quality
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and ReplicabilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
More Related Content
Similar to Breakthrough Starshot - A New Nanocraft Approach to Space Exploration
Gravitational waves
This document provides an overview of gravitational waves. It begins by explaining that Einstein's theory of general relativity predicted gravitational waves: ripples in spacetime created by accelerating massive objects. The document then discusses the sources of gravitational waves, including black holes and neutron stars, and the different types of gravitational waves they can produce. It describes how the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) detects gravitational waves using interferometers, which measure interference patterns to study passing gravitational waves. Finally, it discusses why detecting gravitational waves can provide new insights into the universe and mentions plans to build the LIGO-India detector through a collaboration between US and Indian institutions.
Gravitational Waves
Powerpoint presentation given during my Astrophysics Seminar course at RPI, discussing gravitational waves
ED Cosexx - A SPACE TRAVELLING CORPORATION THAT AIMS TO ACHIEVE INTERGALACTIC...
COSEXX is a space technology company aiming to transform space exploration through intergalactic travel. Their main product is the ISTS-2700X spacecraft, which uses a warp drive to travel at nearly 3 million km/hr, 2700 times the speed of light. It can carry 50 people and 700 tons of cargo. COSEXX plans to use the ISTS-2700X to establish sustainable environments on life-supporting planets and expand humanity across galaxies. They aim to raise $1.5 billion to fund initial research and development of the warp drive technology and spacecraft.
ENABLING INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL: THE NEED FOR A DIVERSE MIX OF ADVANCED ENERGY C...
This paper represents a joint effort of various scholars, independent scientists and a student operating through the Interstellar Travel MeetUp group, based in Washington, D.C. in the United States of America. The project was presented during the 68th International Astronautical Federation Congress, which took place in Guadalajara, Mexico in 2016. Our paper provides a systematic evaluation of power systems in terms of their power generation capacity, size, risks and availability led to the finding that no current one single power system can be relied upon for interstellar travel. Our contribution offers considerations on topics such as space resupply stations, wireless power transmission to spaceships (while at high velocity, using tracking/tethering with lasers), as well as harvesting drones. Futuristic propulsion technologies like the ionic levitation, laser, warp and solar concentrator are considered as alternatives for current propulsion systems. In addition to placing an emphasis on fundamental physics and propulsion research, the authors propose two novel initiatives that will advance interstellar technology while producing already-valuable technologies for terrestrial and orbital use: 1) An educational development initiative – The ‘Nicola Energy City Kit’is based on existing wireless power transmission technology and existing CanSat technology – to advance wireless power and data transmission for terrestrial and interstellar use. These technologies can affordably be tested on Earth first, and then in space. We propose a broad-based open education program that also motivates students to engage in STEM-related jobs. 2) A mobile save testing bed (‘sandbox’) for radical energy concepts – The UMPH lab is an unmanned outpost that accumulates large quantities of matter in save distance from Earth and conducts autonomous experiments, while harvesting energy or matter for the science and in-orbit resupplies.
Niac phase imar04
The document summarizes an event for NIAC Phase I Fellows. It provides details on NIAC's focus on revolutionary aerospace concepts 10-40 years in the future. It outlines the keynote speakers and schedule for the Fellows meeting, including status reports from Phase I fellows and presentations from recent student selectees. Information is also provided on the student fellow selection process, future NIAC activities and deadlines, and the members of NIAC's Science Council.
tractor beams - sonic , water , laser
Physicists have developed several types of tractor beams that can manipulate objects without physical contact. A sonic tractor beam uses focused sound waves to move and rotate small objects in mid-air. Researchers have also created an optical tractor beam that uses the transfer of heat energy from a laser to pull in tiny glass spheres. Additionally, physicists discovered that simple surface waves in water can generate flow patterns capable of moving floating objects against the direction of the waves, similar to descriptions of tractor beams. These techniques could potentially be applied to applications like assembly lines, microsurgery, cleaning oil spills, and removing space junk.
Canberra Nanosatellitre Keynote-jw hines
This document summarizes NASA's research on small satellites and nanosatellites. It discusses how smaller spacecraft can enable more science missions with lower costs through increased numbers of missions. Smallsats allow for a faster learning cycle and development of new technologies. NASA's Ames Research Center has developed several smallsat platforms and payloads over the past decade for applications in Earth science, heliophysics, planetary science, and astrophysics. These include gene expression, pharmaceutical, and spectroscopy experiments. Ames is working to mature technologies for smallsat missions like advanced components, autonomous operations, and formation flying.
LunaRoo: Designing a Hopping Lunar Science Payload #space #exploration
Presentation slides from the talk given at the IEEE Aerospace Conference (@IEEEAeroConf) 2016 in Big Sky, Montana, USA.
We describe a hopping science payload solution de- signed to exploit the Moon’s lower gravity to leap up to 20m above the surface. The entire solar-powered robot is compact enough to fit within a 10cm cube, whilst providing unique observation and mission capabilities by creating imagery during the hop. The LunaRoo concept is a proposed payload to fly onboard a Google Lunar XPrize entry. Its compact form is specifically designed for lunar exploration and science mission within the constraints given by PTScientists. The core features of LunaRoo are its method of locomotion – hopping like a kangaroo - and its imaging system capable of unique over-the- horizon perception. The payload will serve as a proof of concept, highlighting the benefits of alternative mobility solutions, in particular enabling observation and exploration of terrain not traversable by wheeled robots. in addition providing data for beyond line-of-sight planning and communications for surface assets, extending overall mission capabilities.
Similar to Breakthrough Starshot - A New Nanocraft Approach to Space Exploration (8)
ED Cosexx - A SPACE TRAVELLING CORPORATION THAT AIMS TO ACHIEVE INTERGALACTIC...
ED Cosexx - A SPACE TRAVELLING CORPORATION THAT AIMS TO ACHIEVE INTERGALACTIC...
ENABLING INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL: THE NEED FOR A DIVERSE MIX OF ADVANCED ENERGY C...
ENABLING INTERSTELLAR TRAVEL: THE NEED FOR A DIVERSE MIX OF ADVANCED ENERGY C...
LunaRoo: Designing a Hopping Lunar Science Payload #space #exploration
LunaRoo: Designing a Hopping Lunar Science Payload #space #exploration
Recently uploaded
Methods of grain storage Structures in India.pdf
•Post-harvestlossesaccountforabout10%oftotalfoodgrainsduetounscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,
•Totalfoodgrainproductioninindiais311milliontonnesandstorageis145mt.InIndia,annualstoragelosseshavebeenestimated14mtworthofRs.7,000croreinwhichinsectsaloneaccountfornearlyRs.1,300crores.
•InIndiaoutofthetotalproduction,about30%ismarketablesurplus
•Remaining70%isretainedandstoredbyfarmersforconsumption,seed,feed.Hence,growerneedstoragefacilitytoholdaportionofproducetosellwhenthemarketingpriceisfavourable
•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
seed production, Nursery & Gardening.pdf
This presentation offers a general idea of the structure of seed, seed production, management of seeds and its allied technologies. It also offers the concept of gene erosion and the practices used to control it. Nursery and gardening have been widely explored along with their importance in the related domain.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
Ahota Beel, nestled in Sootea Biswanath Assam , is celebrated for its extraordinary diversity of bird species. This wetland sanctuary supports a myriad of avian residents and migrants alike. Visitors can admire the elegant flights of migratory species such as the Northern Pintail and Eurasian Wigeon, alongside resident birds including the Asian Openbill and Pheasant-tailed Jacana. With its tranquil scenery and varied habitats, Ahota Beel offers a perfect haven for birdwatchers to appreciate and study the vibrant birdlife that thrives in this natural refuge.
fermented food science of sauerkraut.pptx
This ppt contains the production of a fermented food name - sauerkraut
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
Class 10 human eye notes physics
Handwritten best quality
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and ReplicabilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Male reproduction physiology by Suyash Garg .pptx
Physiology of Male reproduction.
Video mentioned at page no. 23 as summary for better understanding
Recently uploaded (20)
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptx
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
HUMAN EYE By-R.M Class 10 phy best digital notes.pdf
Microbiology of Central Nervous System INFECTIONS.pdf
Microbiology of Central Nervous System INFECTIONS.pdf
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...
Introduction_Ch_01_Biotech Biotechnology course .pptx
Introduction_Ch_01_Biotech Biotechnology course .pptx
Breakthrough Starshot - A New Nanocraft Approach to Space Exploration
- 1. Breakthrough Starshot - A New Nanocraft Approach to Space Exploration Sean Zarinegar
- 2. Introduction • A growth-focused entrepreneur, Sean Zarinegar maintains an extensive Arizona real estate rental portfolio and guides American Housing Income Trust. Sean Zarinegar’s investment experience extends to the technology sphere, and he blogs on topics from the Internet to space exploration at www.seanzarinegartech.com. In April of 2016, he took a close look at Stephen Hawking’s and Yuri Milner’s announcement that they intend to create an interstellar spacecraft fleet that would potentially attain speeds as high as one-fifth the speed of light. Their plan stands in contrast to the relatively slow pace of exploration craft deployed up to now by NASA, within projects that can cost half a billion dollars or more.
- 3. Starshot • Initially funded for $100 million, Breakthrough Starshot proposes the creation of inexpensive, expendable nanocraft, each weighing mere grams. These will be launched en masse into orbit through a 100 gigawatt laser pulse. The nanocraft, carrying equipment capable of biological sample analysis and image and data transmission, will be propelled by LightSails and theoretically capable of acceleration to relativistic speeds. Mr. Zarinegar notes that fundamental principles of miniaturization, automation, as well as laser propulsion and LightSails, are already in some stage of development. With the largest investment involving the creation of a laser array capable of propelling the nanocraft into space, the costs associated with actual space missions will plummet once a viable system is in place.