1. DO NOW:
Copy this chart on your paper.
Leave room to add to it.
Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by
2. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the
law
3. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the Response to change
law
4. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the Response to change Preservation of the
law people
5. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time
of Talmud. Only
form of Jewish
practice before 18th
century.
6. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time Emerged in late 18th
of Talmud. Only century in Germany.
form of Jewish
practice before 18th
century.
7. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time Emerged in late 18th
of Talmud. Only century in Germany.
form of Jewish
practice before 18th
century. 1. There is a continuation in the
development of Judaism.
2. The Talmud has no authority
for the modern Jew.
3. We seek no Messiah, and we
know no homeland but he
land of our birth.
1843, group of German Jewish
leaders
8. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time Emerged in late 18th Emerged in 19th
of Talmud. Only century in Germany. century in Germany.
form of Jewish
practice before 18th
century.
9. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about God personally
Torah revealed himself at
Mt. Sinai. Words of
Torah are divine and
authoritative.
Changeless
revelation of God’s
will.
10. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about God personally Revelation is a
Torah revealed himself at continuous process.
Mt. Sinai. Words of Torah is human
Torah are divine and document, valuable
authoritative. for moral and
Changeless ethical insight.
revelation of God’s
will.
11. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about God personally Revelation is a Written and Oral
Torah revealed himself at continuous process. Law may be
Mt. Sinai. Words of Torah is human interpreted by the
Torah are divine and document, valuable rabbis to reflect
authoritative. for moral and modern
Changeless ethical insight. sensibilities.
revelation of God’s
will.
12. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed Revelation is a continuous Written and Oral Law may be
himself at Mt. Sinai. Words of process. Torah is human interpreted by the rabbis to
Torah are divine and document, valuable for moral reflect modern sensibilities.
authoritative. Changeless and ethical insight.
revelation of God’s will.
View of the messiah Personal,
superhuman being
who is not divine.
Will restore Jewish
kingdom and rule
over the earth.
13. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed Revelation is a continuous Written and Oral Law may be
himself at Mt. Sinai. Words of process. Torah is human interpreted by the rabbis to
Torah are divine and document, valuable for moral reflect modern sensibilities.
authoritative. Changeless and ethical insight.
revelation of God’s will.
View of the messiah Personal, Mankind is
superhuman being progressing toward
who is not divine. a better age. Not
Will restore Jewish focused on one
kingdom and rule person as messiah.
over the earth.
14. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed Revelation is a continuous Written and Oral Law may be
himself at Mt. Sinai. Words of process. Torah is human interpreted by the rabbis to
Torah are divine and document, valuable for moral reflect modern sensibilities,
authoritative. Changeless and ethical insight.
revelation of God’s will.
View of the messiah Personal, Mankind is Similar to reform.
superhuman being progressing toward
who is not divine. a better age. Not
Will restore Jewish focused on one
kingdom and rule person as messiah.
over the earth.
15. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed Revelation is a continuous Written and Oral Law may be
himself at Mt. Sinai. Words of process. Torah is human interpreted by the rabbis to
Torah are divine and document, valuable for moral reflect modern sensibilities,
authoritative. Changeless and ethical insight.
revelation of God’s will.
View of the messiah Personal, superhuman being Mankind is progressing toward Similar to reform.
who is not divine. Will restore a better age. Not focused on
Jewish kingdom and rule over one person as messiah.
the earth.
Synagogue worship House of prayer;
study and social
aspects are
incidental. Prayers
in Hebrew. Men and
women sit
separately.
16. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed Revelation is a continuous Written and Oral Law may be
himself at Mt. Sinai. Words of process. Torah is human interpreted by the rabbis to
Torah are divine and document, valuable for moral reflect modern sensibilities,
authoritative. Changeless and ethical insight.
revelation of God’s will.
View of the messiah Personal, superhuman being Mankind is progressing toward Similar to reform.
who is not divine. Will restore a better age. Not focused on
Jewish kingdom and rule over one person as messiah.
the earth.
Synagogue worship House of prayer; Synagogue known
study and social as “temple.” Service
aspects are modernized and
incidental. Prayers shortened. English
in Hebrew. Men and and Hebrew. Men
women sit and women sit
separately. together. Choirs and
organs used.
17. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Emerged in late 18th century in Emerged in 19th century in
Only form of Jewish practice Germany. Germany.
before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed Revelation is a continuous Written and Oral Law may be
himself at Mt. Sinai. Words of process. Torah is human interpreted by the rabbis to
Torah are divine and document, valuable for moral reflect modern sensibilities,
authoritative. Changeless and ethical insight.
revelation of God’s will.
View of the messiah Personal, superhuman being Mankind is progressing toward Similar to reform.
who is not divine. Will restore a better age. Not focused on
Jewish kingdom and rule over one person as messiah.
the earth.
Synagogue worship House of prayer; Synagogue known Synagogue is basic
study and social as “temple.” Service institution of Jewish
aspects are modernized and life. Somewhere
incidental. Prayers shortened. English between Orthodox
in Hebrew. Men and and Hebrew. Men and Reform.
women sit and women sit
separately. together. Choirs and
organs used.
18. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Only form of Emerged in late 18th century in Germany. Emerged in 19th century in Germany.
Jewish practice before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed himself at Mt. Sinai. Revelation is a continuous process. Torah is Written and Oral Law may be interpreted by
Words of Torah are divine and authoritative. human document, valuable for moral and the rabbis to reflect modern sensibilities,
Changeless revelation of God’s will. ethical insight.
View of the messiah Personal, superhuman being who is not Mankind is progressing toward a better age. Similar to reform.
divine. Will restore Jewish kingdom and rule Not focused on one person as messiah.
over the earth.
Synagogue worship House of prayer; study and social aspects are Synagogue known as “temple.” Service Synagogue is basic institution of Jewish life.
incidental. Prayers in Hebrew. Men and modernized and shortened. English and Similar to Reform, but a bit less.
women sit separately. Hebrew. Men and women sit together. Choirs
and organs used.
Clothing Conservative dress.
Men wear skullcap
called yarmulke
(Yiddish) or kippah
(Hebrew). Men may
wear fringes to
remind of God’s
commandment.
19. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Only form of Emerged in late 18th century in Germany. Emerged in 19th century in Germany.
Jewish practice before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed himself at Mt. Sinai. Revelation is a continuous process. Torah is Written and Oral Law may be interpreted by
Words of Torah are divine and authoritative. human document, valuable for moral and the rabbis to reflect modern sensibilities,
Changeless revelation of God’s will. ethical insight.
View of the messiah Personal, superhuman being who is not Mankind is progressing toward a better age. Similar to reform.
divine. Will restore Jewish kingdom and rule Not focused on one person as messiah.
over the earth.
Synagogue worship House of prayer; study and social aspects are Synagogue known as “temple.” Service Synagogue is basic institution of Jewish life.
incidental. Prayers in Hebrew. Men and modernized and shortened. English and Similar to Reform, but a bit less.
women sit separately. Hebrew. Men and women sit together. Choirs
and organs used.
Clothing Conservative dress. Contemporary dress
Men wear skullcap
called yarmulke
(Yiddish) or kippah
(Hebrew). Men may
wear fringes to
remind of God’s
commandment.
20. Branches of Judaism
Orthodox Reform Conservative
Characterized by Submission to the law Response to change Preservation of the people
History Dates back to time of Talmud. Only form of Emerged in late 18th century in Germany. Emerged in 19th century in Germany.
Jewish practice before 18th century.
Teaching about Torah God personally revealed himself at Mt. Sinai. Revelation is a continuous process. Torah is Written and Oral Law may be interpreted by
Words of Torah are divine and authoritative. human document, valuable for moral and the rabbis to reflect modern sensibilities,
Changeless revelation of God’s will. ethical insight.
View of the messiah Personal, superhuman being who is not Mankind is progressing toward a better age. Similar to reform.
divine. Will restore Jewish kingdom and rule Not focused on one person as messiah.
over the earth.
Synagogue worship House of prayer; study and social aspects are Synagogue known as “temple.” Service Synagogue is basic institution of Jewish life.
incidental. Prayers in Hebrew. Men and modernized and shortened. English and Similar to Reform, but a bit less.
women sit separately. Hebrew. Men and women sit together. Choirs
and organs used.
Clothing Conservative dress. Contemporary dress Contemporary dress
Men wear skullcap
called yarmulke
(Yiddish) or kippah
(Hebrew). Men may
wear fringes to
remind of God’s
commandment.
22. Writings
• Hebrew Bible
• Mishnah – interpretation of the law in 6
categories
– Seeds – laws on agriculture & prayer
– Feasts – holy days & the writing of scrolls
– Women – laws concerning marriage & other vows
– Damages – civil & criminal, as well as prohibitions
of idolatry
– Purities – ritual cleanliness & purification
23. Writings
• Hebrew Bible
• Mishnah – interpretation of the law in 6
categories
– Seeds – laws on agriculture & prayer
– Feasts – holy days & the writing of scrolls
– Women – laws concerning marriage & other vows
– Damages – civil & criminal, as well as prohibitions of
idolatry
– Purities – ritual cleanliness & purification
– Holy Things – sacrifices and temple
24. Mishnah - example
• Law of Moses specifies all yeast to be
removed from a house prior to Passover.
• Mishnah asks:
– When can we be sure all yeast has been removed?
– What about cosmetics that contain yeast?
– What if you are not certain?
25. Mishnah
• Mishnah also called Halakic tradition –
“application of laws”
• Gives complex interpretation
