BOOK REVIEW OF TAMING DISASTERSA KEY TO EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT, MR. ASRAR AYYUB-THE AUTHOR A noted disaster management & knowledge mgt. practitioner, teacher, trainer & consultant, TV Anchor, Columnist, Visiting Lecturer including WASC. More than 20 years experience in public & private sector Devised the curriculum for a PGD in Disaster Risk Management Worked as a Disaster Risk Management Consultant for various national & international organizations Worked Director Knowledge Management Cell at Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitations Authority (ERRA) OTHER BOOKS BY MR. ASRAR AYYUB Qaos e Qaza -2010 It is a collection of Asrar’s columns published in leading national newspapers. It focuses on some of the very important national and international issues. Sard Dhoop -2007 It is about Poetry. Quran Ka Dukh- 2003 This book provides very well referenced answers to the burning questions realted to Women, death, true Concept of Allah, factual position of Divorce and Halalah, Sharda-1999 It is about Poetry. Asrar is an astonishing Urdu poet” (Comments by Urdu Poet Syed Zamir Jaffary (Late)). The book covers about: Disaster; Disaster Management and Disaster Management (Cycle); Principles of Disaster Management; International Framework; Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM)

1. REVIEW OF TAMING DISASTERS
A KEY TO EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
AKBAR ALI KHATIAN
132nd MMC JUNE-20-2022 TO AUGUST-20-2022
WAPDAADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE
ISLAMABAD

2. ABOUT BOOK

3. ABOUT BOOK
1st Addition -2016
• Language: English
• No. of Pages: 160
• Binding: Paperback
2nd Addition-2021

4. MR. ASRAR AYYUB-THE AUTHOR
 A noted disaster management & knowledge mgt.
practitioner, teacher, trainer & consultant, TV Anchor,
Columnist, Visiting Lecturer including WASC.
 More than 20 years experience in public & private
sector
 Devised the curriculum for a PGD in Disaster Risk
Management
 Worked as a Disaster Risk Management Consultant
for various national & international organizations
 Worked Director Knowledge Management Cell at
Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitations
Authority (ERRA)
www.asrarayyub.com

5. OTHER BOOKS BY MR. ASRAR AYYUB
Qaos e Qaza -2010
It is a collection of Asrar’s columns published in
leading national newspapers. It focuses on some of
the very important national and international issues.
Sard Dhoop -2007
It is about Poetry.
Quran Ka Dukh- 2003
This book provides very well referenced answers to
the burning questions realted to Women, death, true
Concept of Allah, factual position of Divorce and
Halalah,
Sharda-1999
• It is about Poetry. Asrar is an astonishing Urdu poet”
(Comments by Urdu Poet Syed Zamir Jaffary
(Late)).
www.asrarayyub.com

6. ABOUT TAMING DISASTERS
A KEY TO EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
BASIC PURPOSE OF BOOK FOR EDUCATION AND
AWARENESS
The book covers about:
 Disaster;
 Disaster Management and Disaster Management (Cycle);
 Principles of Disaster Management;
 International Framework;
 Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Community Based Disaster
Risk Management (CBDRM)

7. ABOUT TAMING DISASTERS
A KEY TO EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The book covers about:
 Case Studies;
 Disaster Risk Management and SOP Documents;
 Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) at Academic
Institutions – The School Safety Program;
 Methodologies about Before, During and After Earthquake, Flood
AND IN LAST COVERS:
 Global Warming

8. ABOUT TAMING DISASTERS
A KEY TO EFFECTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT
You have to understand Difference:
 Disaster = ‫حادثہ‬
 Hazards = ‫خطرہ‬
 Risk = ‫خوف‬/ ‫اندیشہ‬
 Vulnerability = ‫کمزوری‬/ ‫گھایل‬
‫ہونے‬
‫کے‬
‫الئق‬

9. WHAT IS DISASTER?
• A sudden accident or a natural
catastrophe that causes great damage
or loss of life.
• Disaster is the damage done to you,
your belongings or environment
which cannot be managed without
external help
• Disaster is the actualization of risk
beyond capacity Earthquake @ 6.5 Richter Scale in Greece and
parts of Turkey 22.05.2014

10. SCOPE OF A DISASTER
National
Level
Organizational
Level
The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake Flood in Pakistan
Bhoja Air Crash in 2012 Bhoja Air Crash in 2012

11. SCOPE OF A DISASTER
Team Level
Individual
Level
A Famous Divorce Case Heather Mills and Sir. Paul Mac
Study Loan Defaulters of Malaysia

12. What is Risk?
•Risk is the probability or threat
of harmful consequences to you,
your belongings or environment.
Risk = Hazard × Vulnerability

13. What is Hazard & Vulnerability?
Anything that has the
potential of causing loss is
a “hazard” & your
susceptibility to it, is
“vulnerability”

14. Types of Hazard & Vulnerability
 Hazard
• Natural
• Human Induced

15. Types of Hazard & Vulnerability
 Vulnerability
• Social
• Environmental
• Physical
• Attitudinal
• Financial
• Educational

16. Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
 DRR
It is a systematic approach of
identifying & assessing risk and
planning to avoid/minimize it.
 Capacity
It is the sum total of all available
resources & skills coupled with org.
decision, rules & regulations for their
efficient administration.

17. Disaster Management (DM)
 Disaster Management
“A scientific approach to prevent
a hazard from becoming a
disaster.”
“A systematic way to prepare
for, respond to, recovery from &
mitigate against a disaster”

18. Disaster Management (DM) Cycle
Disaster
Response
Recovery
Mitigation
Preparedness

19. Disaster Management (DM) Cycle
 Preparedness:
• Identify, assess & monitor the disaster
risk to an area & its inhabitant.
• Form a “Preparedness Plan” with
participation from the concerned
community.
• Train people & rehearse the
“Preparedness Plan” on regular basis.

20. Disaster Management (DM) Cycle
 Response:
It is putting the well-planned & well-
rehearsed “Preparedness Plan” into
action.
• Elements
• Early Warnings
• Evacuation
• Search & Rescue

21. Disaster Management (DM) Cycle
Recovery:
It is a well deliberated effort to get
back to normal through a window
of opportunity by adhering to the
universal acknowledge principle
of “converting adversity into
opportunity”
• Elements
• Rehabilitation
• Reconstruction

22. Disaster Management (DM) Cycle
Mitigation:
It is the structural & non-structural
manifestation of corrective measures
to reduce the risk posed by a hazard
and the loss caused by the disaster.

23. Doctrine of Emergency Management – 8 Principles :
1. Comprehensive
2. Progressive
3. Risk-driven
4. Integrated
5. Collaborative
6. Coordinated
7. Flexible
8. Professional
Effective Disaster Management

24. Effective Disaster Management
1. Comprehensive Encompassing
a. All hazards a particular community, its belongings & environment is
vulnerable to.
b. Each risk that can transforms a hazard into a disaster.
c. All impacts (social, psychological, physical, financial,
environmental, & educational) of a hazard / disaster & their
scientific analysis for managing them in the best possible manner.
d. All phases of Disaster Management Cycle ranging from systematic
pre to post disaster interventions that can prevent the actualization of
risk beyond capacity.
e. All stakeholders, who can prevent a hazard from transforming into a
disaster.

25. Effective Disaster Management
2. Progressive To
a. Be proactive rather reactive i.e. anticipating disasters rather than
waiting for them to strike.
b. Carryout systematic identification & analysis of the risk posed by
various hazards.
c. Pinpoint the appropriate structural & non-structural measures &
capacity building initiates.
d. Corresponds to the requirements of time & space.

26. Effective Disaster Management
3. Risk-Driven To
a. Assess with accuracy, various levels of risk posed by various hazards
& draw a logical & well defined comparison b/w them.
b. Priorities the allocation of resources & efforts as per the prioritized
risk.
4. Integrated To
a. Build partnership in stakeholders “among disciplines & across all
sectors, including private sector & media” before a disaster.
b. Institutionalize the TORs of various assignments to economize the
mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction by all possible means.

27. Effective Disaster Management
5. Collaborative To
a. Create & strengthen a culture of team spirit on equal footings through formal
& informal consultations based on mutual trust & respect.
b. Promote a congenial environment for attending each other’s concerns on the
basis of science & reason.
c. Develop a sense of preference for collective good over individual interest.
6. Coordinated To
a. Synchronize the execution of functions, roles & responsibilities through
well-crafted laws, policies & operating procedures based on local, national
& international current practices.
b. Ensure the extraction of max. output from minimum input through well-
planned, unity of efforts for the attainment of overall objectives.

28. Effective Disaster Management
7. Flexible To
a. Dynamic for developing creative solutions, based on ever-changing
consequences of an event.
b. Applicable to all emergency situations.
c. Receptive not only to the best course of action.
8. Professional To
a. Observe the int’l code of ethics with a duty to focus on love & care of a
victim regardless of his/her caste, creed & race.
b. Practice the profession as per the standards & guidelines.
c. Have classified knowledge of past & present experiences of disaster.

29. International Frameworks
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015
The World Conference on Disaster Reduction was held from 18 to 22
January 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, and adopted the present Framework
for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and
Communities to Disasters.
• 168 countries from around the globe signed as agreement in Hyogo
(Japan) to modify their basic approach to disaster management.
• The management & reduction of risk declared prime obligation.

30. International Frameworks
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) 2005-2015
Priority Action 1: Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national
& a local priority with a strong institutional basis for
implementation.
Priority Action 2: Identify, assess & monitor disaster risks &
enhance early warnings.
Priority Action 3: Use knowledge, innovation & education to
build a culture of safety & resilience at all levels.
Priority Action 4: Reduce the underlying risk factors.
Priority Action 5: Strengthens disaster preparedness for effective
response at all levels

31. International Frameworks
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
Four Priorities
Priority 1: Understanding disaster risk
Priority 2: Strenghtening disaster risk governances to manage
disaster risk.
Priority 3: Investing in disaster risk resilience.
Priority 4: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective
response and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation
& reconstruction

32. International Frameworks
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 was
adopted at the Third UN World Conference in Sendai, Japan, on
March 18, 2015.
The Sendai Framework supports the paradigm shift from a reactive
to a proactive approach towards disaster management.
The Sendai Framework upholds that the state has to perform the
primary duty of reducing disaster risk but it has to be performed in
a participatory manner i.e Community Based Disaster Risk
Management (CBDRM)

33. International Frameworks
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030
Seven Global Targets
1. Substantially reduce global mortality rate by 2030.
2. Substantially reduce the no. of affected people rate by 2030
3. Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation global GDP by 2030
4. Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure &
disruption of basic services.
5. Substantially increase no. of countries with national & local
disaster risk reduction strategies.
6. Substantially enhance int’l cooperation for developing countries
7. Substantially increase the availability of & access to multi-hazard
warning systems.

34. Disaster Risk Management(DRM) Cycle
Community
Identification &
Disaster Risk
Assessment
DRR
Planning
Implementation
Monitoring
&
Evaluation

35. Community Based Disaster Risk
Management(CBDRM) Cycle
Participatory
Community
Identification &
Disaster Risk
Assessment
Participatory
DRR Planning
Participatory
Implementation
Participatory
Monitoring
& Evaluation

36. CBDRM AT SCHOOL SAFETY PROGRAM
 The idea of school safety originated at global level in 2006-2007, at UN/ISDR
(International Strategy for Disaster Reduction), with Support of the French
Govt. With the theme of “Disaster Reduction Begins at School”.
Definition:
 Using the CBDRM cycle to protect students, teacher and support staff,
physically and psychologically from the risks posed various natural or human
induced hazards, by reducing vulnerabilities and building capacities.

37. Community Based Disaster Risk
Management(CBDRM)
Philosophy
Effective & sustainable disaster management is not possible without community
participation because the community, being the first victim, is the first responder as
well.
Methodology
1. Sensitization (Establish Contact with Community, Shifting from re-active to pro-active)
2. Confidence Building (En-courage the community in discussions, give the sense of ownership )
3. Partnership Building (Make Committees, Promote Team sprit )
4. Capacity Building (Provide resources, Impart trainings,)
5. Institutionalization (Determine the role and responsibilities, Enforce rules and policies)
6. Execution (Implement the CBDRM Cycle)

38. What to do Before, During & After
Earthquake
Before an Earthquake
• Conduct regular inspection of building – check earthquake resistance
• Keep a first aid box & emergency kit handy
•Conduct trainings on formation & execution of evacuation plan, search &
rescue and display the exit plan in the building on notice boards
• Display exit signs on each floor
During an Earthquake
• Do not run & do always remember that most of the damage is caused by
falling objects around you

39. What to do Before, During & After
Earthquake
During an Earthquake
• Do not run & do always remember that most of the damage is caused
by falling objects around you
• No matter where you are, remember three steps:-
1. DROP down onto your hands & knees
2. COVER your head & neck
3. HOLD ON to your shelter until earthquake stops
• Do not panic, stay calm
After an Earthquake
•Evacuate the building at the earliest following the evacuation plan.
•Switch off gas & electricity supplies through single switch control

40. What to do Before, During & After
Earthquake
After an Earthquake
• Avoid pooled water, it could be electrically charged
• Stay away from damaged area
• Expect secondary shockwaves, which can occur even after weeks &
months

41. What to do Before, During & After Flood
Before a Flood
•Promote awareness on floods & its management
•Don’t construct houses near river/unsafe areas
•Prepare an emergency evacuation plan
• Prepare an emergency toolkit
During a Flood
•Be alert
•Monitor your surroundings. Use TV, Web etc
•Stay away from power lines & electrical wires
•Avoid trying to walk / swim through flowing water
•If water rises around your car or it stalls, leave the vehicle immediately

42. What to do Before, During & After Flood
After a Flood
•Don’t enter a flooded building until it has been inspected for safety
•Pump out flooded basements gradually to avoid structural damage
•Watch out for snakes & other insects
•Throw away medicine, food or water that had contact with floodwaters

43. CLIMATE CHANGE
 What is Global Warming
It is a gradual increase of the Earth’s temperature because of energy trapped by
GREENHOUSE gases present in Earth’s atmosphere
Intense climate-related disasters—floods, storms, droughts, and heat
waves—have been on the rise worldwide. At the same time and coupled
with an increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,
temperatures, on average, have been rising, and are becoming more
variable and more extreme.

44. CLIMATE CHANGE
• Every second, one person is displaced by disaster.
• In 2018, more than 17.2 million people fled disasters in 125 countries and
territories. Disasters displace three to ten times more people than conflict and
war worldwide.
• The basics of climate change, disasters and displacement
• As climate change continues, it will likely lead to more frequent and severe
natural hazards. The impact will be heavy. Climate change causes poverty
and food shortages, and forces even higher numbers of men, women and
children to flee their homes.
• On average, 26 million people are displaced by disasters such as floods and
storms every year (as of 2016). That's one person forced to flee every second

45. MY VIEW
• There is a real dearth of simple Disaster Management books suitable
for instruction purpose in Pakistan as well as elsewhere in the world.
• In this very context, “Taming Disasters : A Key to Effective Disaster
Management” by renowned DRM expert, teacher, trainer &
consultant, Mr. Asrar Ayub, is the timely guidance for our generation
& many to come.
• The incorporation of disaster management education in the curricula
of schools and institutes of higher education is very essential & need
of the time.
• This book provides all sorts of information, SOPs & knowledge
necessary to cope with the disasters in a befitting manner.

46. Thank You