2. Introduction:-
Bluetooth is a Proprietary O pen Wireless
technology stand ard for exchanging d ata over short
d istances (using short-wavelength rad io transm issions
in the ISM band from 2400– 2480 M H z) from fixed
and m obile d evices, creating Personal Area N etworks
(PAN s) with high levels of security.
C reated by telecom s vend or Ericsson in 1 994, it was
originally conceived as a wireless alternative to
RS-232 d ata cables.
It can connect several d evices, overcom ing
problem s of synchronization.

3. Bluetooth is m anaged by the
Bluetooth Special Interest Group, which has m ore than
1 5,000 m em ber com panies in the areas of
telecom m unication, com puting, networking, and consum er
electronics.
The SIG oversees the d evelopm ent of the specification,
m anages the qualification program , and protects the
trad em arks.
To be m arketed as a Bluetooth d evice, it m ust be qualified
to stand ard s d efined by the SIG. A network of patents is
required to im plem ent the technology and are only licensed
to those qualifying d evices; thus the protocol, whilst open,
m ay be regard ed as proprietary.

4. Name And
Logo :-
The word "Bluetooth" is an Anglicised version of the
Scand inavian Blåtand/ Blåtann, the Epithet of the tenth-
century king H arald I of D enm ark and parts of N orway
who united d issonant D anish tribes into a single kingd om .
The im plication is that Bluetooth d oes the sam e with
com m unications protocols, uniting them into one universal
stand ard .
The Bluetooth logo is a Bind Rune m erging the
Younger Futhark Runes (H agall) (a Bjarkan) (r ),
H arald 's initials.

5. Implementation :
-
Bluetooth uses a rad io technology called
Frequency-hopping Spread Spectrum , which chops up the d ata
being sent and transm its chunks of it on up to 79 band s (1
M H z each; centered from 2402 to 2480 M H z) in the range
2,400– 2,483.5 M H z (allowing for guard band s).
This range is in the globally unlicensed Ind ustrial, Scientific
and M ed ical (ISM ) 2.4 GH z short-range Rad io Frequency
band .

6. Bluetooth is a Packet-based Protocol with a
M aster-slave Structure. O ne m aster m ay com m unicate with up
to 7 slaves in a Piconet; all d evices share the m aster's clock.
 Packet exchange is based on the basic clock, d efined by the
m aster, which ticks at 31 2.5 µs intervals.
 Two clock ticks m ake up a slot of 625 µs; two slots m ake
up a slot pair of 1 250 µs.
Bluetooth provid es a secure way to connect and exchange
inform ation between d evices such as Faxes, M obile Phones,
Telephones, L aptops, Personal C om puters, Printers,
Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, D igital C am eras,
and Vid eo Gam e C onsoles

7. Communication and
connection:-
A m aster Bluetooth d evice can com m unicate with a m axim um
of seven d evices in a piconet (an ad -hoc com puter network using
Bluetooth technology), though not all d evices support this lim it.
The d evices can switch roles, by agreem ent, and the slave can
becom e the m aster (for exam ple, a head set initiating a connection
to a phone will necessarily begin as m aster, as initiator of the
connection; but m ay subsequently prefer to be slave).
The Bluetooth C ore Specification provid es for the connection
of two or m ore piconets to form a scatter net, in which certain
d evices sim ultaneously play the m aster role in one piconet and
the slave role in another.

9. Uses :-
Bluetooth is a stand ard wire-replacem ent com m unications
protocol prim arily d esigned for low power consum ption, with a
short range (power-class-d epend ent, but effective ranges vary in
practice; see table below) based on low-cost Transceiver
M icrochips in each d evice.
Because the d evices use a rad io (broad cast) com m unications
system , they d o not have to be in visual line of sight of each
other, however a quasi optical wireless path m ust be viable.

10. M axim um perm itted
power Range
C lass
(m )
(m W) (d Bm )
C lass 1 1 00 20 ~1 00
C lass 2 2.5 4 ~1 0
C lass 3 1 0 ~5
The effective range varies d ue to propagation cond itions,
m aterial coverage, prod uction sam ple variations, antenna
configurations and battery cond itions.
In m ost cases the effective range of class 2 d evices is
extend ed if they connect to a class 1 transceiver, com pared to a
pure class 2 network.
This is accom plished by the higher sensitivity and
transm ission power of C lass 1 d evices

11. Different Versions of
Bluetooth available in the
market:- M axim um
Version D ata rate application
throughput
Version 1 .2 1 M bit/s 0.7 M bit/s
Version 2.0 +
3 M bit/s 2.1 M bit/s
ED R
Version 3.0 +
24M bit/s 3 M bit/s
HS
Version 4.0 1 -3M bit/s 0.7-2.1 M bit/s

12. List of applications:-
Wireless control of and com m unication between a
m obile phone and a hand s free head set. This was one of the
earliest applications to becom e popular.
Wireless control of and com m unication between a
m obile phone and a Bluetooth com patible car stereo system
Wireless Bluetooth head set and Intercom .
Wireless networking between PC s in a confined space and
where little band wid th is required .
Wireless com m unication with PC input and output d evices,
the m ost com m on being the m ouse, keyboard and printer.

13. Transfer of files, contact d etails, calend ar appointm ents, and
rem ind ers between d evices with O BEX .
Replacem ent of previous wired RS-232 serial
com m unications in test equipm ent, GPS receivers, m ed ical
equipm ent, bar cod e scanners, and traffic control d evices.
For controls where infrared was often used .
For low band wid th applications where higher U SB band wid th
is not required and cable-free connection d esired .
Send ing sm all ad vertisem ents from Bluetooth-enabled
ad vertising hoard ings to other, d iscoverable, Bluetooth d evices.
Wireless brid ge between two Ind ustrial Ethernet (e.g.,
PRO FIN ET) networks.

14. Three seventh-generation gam e consoles, N intend o's Wii and
Sony's PlayStation 3 and PSP Go, use Bluetooth for their
respective wireless controllers.
D ial-up internet access on personal com puters or PD As using a
d ata-capable m obile phone as a wireless m od em .
Short range transm ission of health sensor d ata from m ed ical
d evices to m obile phone, set-top box or d ed icated telehealth
d evices.
Allowing a D EC T phone to ring and answer calls on behalf of a
nearby cell phone

15. Real-tim e location system s (RTL S), are used to track and
id entify the location of objects in real-tim e using “N od es” or
“tags” attached to, or em bed d ed in the objects tracked , and
“Read ers” that receive and process the wireless signals from these
tags to d eterm ine their locations.
Personal security application on m obile phones for prevention of
theft or loss of item s. The protected item has a Bluetooth m arker
(e.g. a tag) that is in constant com m unication with the phone. If the
connection is broken (the m arker is out of range of the phone) then
an alarm is raised . This can also be used as a m an overboard
alarm . A prod uct using this technology has been available since
2009.

16. Blue jacking:-
Blue jacking is the send ing of either a picture or a m essage
from one user to an unsuspecting user through Bluetooth
wireless technology. C om m on applications includ e short
m essages (e.g., "You’ve just been blue jacked !").
 Blue jacking d oes not involve the rem oval or alteration of any
d ata from the d evice.
Blue jacking can also involve taking control of a m obile
wirelessly and phoning a prem ium rate line, owned by the blue
jacker.

17. Advantages Of Bluetooth:-
Bluetooth can penetrate walls, briefcases, and other obstacles, and
its O m ni d irectional (capable of transm itting or receiving signals in
all d irections, as an antenna).
Even though the transm ission range is only 30 feet, Bluetooth will
let com puters and hand held d evices talk to each other without
wires or cables.
You will soon be able to synchronize the inform ation in your cell
phone with the d atabase in your Palm Pilot. Also, print photos
d irectly from a d igital cam era.
M oreover, use your cell phone as a m od em for your laptop.
Eventually, the technology could evolve to the point where
consum ers wearing a sm all Bluetooth-enabled d evice could shop
by having their cred it card inform ation conveyed d irectly to the

18. Merits of Bluetooth:-
b) Wireless
c) Bluetooth is actually inexpensive
d) Bluetooth is autom atic
e) Stand ard ized protocol
f) L ow interference
g) L ow energy consum ption
h) Sharing voice and d ata
i) Instant PAN (Personal Area
N etwork)
j) U pgrad eable
k) The technology stays

19. Disadvantages of
Bluetooth:-samthat m ay cause conflicts for Bluetooth. is
A. O ne of the things
that it uses the e frequency as the Wavelan stand ard
B. Another problem for Bluetooth is when there are a num ber
of m obile d evices in the sam e room , and possibly
attem pting the sam e operation.
C. Since Bluetooth is O m ni-d irectional, it encounters
problem s in d iscovering the intend ed recipient d evice.
D. Bluetooth d evices m ust perform a d iscovery operation that
will likely find m any other d evices in the sam e room .
E. At this point, the user m ust choose the proposed recipient,
which will require special inform ation.
F. Furtherm ore, Bluetooth has so m any security m echanism s
that it would have to carry out in ord er to prevent
eavesd ropping.

20. Health concerns :-
Bluetooth uses the m icrowave rad io frequency spectrum in the
2.402 GH z to 2.480 GH z range.
M axim um power output from a Bluetooth rad io is 1 00 m W,
2.5 m W, and 1 m W for C lass 1 , C lass 2, and C lass 3 d evices
respectively, which puts C lass 1 at roughly the sam e level as
m obile phones, and the other two classes m uch lower.
Accord ingly, C lass 2 and C lass 3 Bluetooth d evices are
consid ered less of a potential hazard than m obile phones, and
C lass 1 m ay be com parable to that of m obile phones : the
m axim um for a C lass 1 is 1 00 m W for Bluetooth but 250 m W for
U M TS W-C D M A, 1 W for GSM 1 800/ 900 and 2 W for
1
GSM 850/ 900 for instance.

21. Conclusion
:-
Bluetooth is a wireless technology that will m ake
connections between various d evices.
Bluetooth Technology takes away the need for several
problem atic cable attachm ents for connecting cellular
phones, hand held d evices, and com puters.
It is easy, sim ple, and inexpensive. The next tim e you
think wireless, think Bluetooth...it's the best way to
com m unicate!

22. Thank You