Blockchain technology allows for a decentralized digital ledger that can record transactions across a distributed network without the need for a central authority. This document provides an overview of blockchain and cryptocurrencies including how Bitcoin works using cryptography and game theory, why blockchain is significant due to its borderless, decentralized, permissionless and distributed nature, examples of cryptocurrency exchanges and wallets, notable hacks that occurred, and how blockchain is discussed in the media. The conclusion thanks the audience for their time.

1. Blockchain Revolution
Garfield Ivy Maitland
Fintech Consultant
@Ivy_land
Si (Jake) Yuan Goh
Ethereum Researcher
@Jakegsy

2. The Cryptocurrency
Hype!
2

3. Blockchain > Bitcoin 3
“A blockchain is a data structure that makes it possible to
create a digital ledger of transactions and share it
among a distributed network of computers. It uses
cryptography to allow each participant on the network to
manipulate the ledger in a secure way without the need
for a central authority.”

4. Bitcoin =
Databases + Cryptography + Game
Theory
4
• Created in 2009, by Satoshi Nakamoto (Pseudonym)
• Finite: Only 21 million coins will ever be generated
• Transactions are global in and confirm in 10
minutes
• Blockchain uses Proof of Work (PoW), SHA-256
• Over 15 million wallets, and $300 billion Marketcap
• Decentralized public ledger, 150 GB

5. Why is this a big
deal?
5
Borderless
•Transactions are transparent
and visible on the public
ledger
•International: Don’t fall
under the jurisdiction of any
nation or state.
•Anyone can view, or add to
the blockchain
Decentralized
•Can not be shutdown
•Peer to Peer (Think Bittorrent)
•Private: Wallets, and transactions
are represented by strings of alpha-
numeric characters
Permissionless
•Users retain their privacy
•No need for permission
from a bank, credit agency
or other third party
•Can send payment or
remittances instantaneously
Distributed
•All full nodes have a copy of
the blockchain
•Each block has 2,000~
transactions in it
•Validated by network nodes

6. Cryptocurrencies, ICOs, Tokens,
& Forks
6
Alternate Cryptocurrency
Genesis Block mined
on October 9th
2011
Mining Algorithm:
Script (CPU
Intensive, ASICs)
Coin Supply: 84
Million
Genesis Block mined
on July 30th
2015
Mining Algorithm:
Current -> Ethash
Future -> Proof of Stake
Coin Supply: 97
Million (Inflationary)
Genesis Block mined
on November 11th
2016
Not Mineable
Coin Supply: 1 Billion
Forked on August 1st
2017 (Block 478558)
Mining Algorithm:
SHA-256
Coin Supply: 21 Million
Initial Coin Offering Ethereum Token Alternate Cryptocurrency
“Is Silver to Bitcoin’s Gold” “Is the Internet 3.0” “Provides Cloud
Computing”
“Bitcoin with 8MB block
size”

7. Exchanges & Brokers 7
Founded: July 2nd
2011
The Skinny:
Cryptocurrency Exchange, and
Broker platform. Use fiat to
buy blockchain assets
Assets Offered:
Bitcoin (BTC), Litecoin (LTC),
Ethereum (ETH)
Founded: January 8th
2015
The Skinny:
Cryptocurrency Exchange,
and Broker platform. Use
fiat to buy blockchain
assets
Assets Offered:
Bitcoin (BTC), Litecoin (LTC),
Ethereum (ETH)
Founded: July 27th
2017
The Skinny:
Had ICO. Cryptocurrency
Exchange. Use BTC, LTC
and ETH to buy less
liquid currencies
Assets Offered:
Many cryptocurrencies
and tokens
Founded: February 13th
2014
The Skinny:
Exchange. Use BTC, LTC and
ETH to buy less liquid
currencies
Assets Offered:
Many cryptocurrencies
and tokens

8. Hacks!? 8
Lost 744,048 BTC (450 Million USD at the time) Lost 3.6 Million ETH in 2 hours (70 Million USD at the time)
A combination of mismanaged funds, and hacked
accounts
Was the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchange
and handled 70% of global cryptocurrency
exchanges
The attacker(s) used a recursive call on a bug to steal
Turned into a clash of philosophies:
Blockchain Immutability vs Blockchain Mutability
February 24th
2014 June 18th
2016

9. Wallets 9
Hot Online
Wallet
Cold Hardware
Wallet
Cold Paper
Wallet
Cold Software
Wallet
• Least Secure
• Hosted by a third
party
• Not Recommended
• Secure
• Control of
Private Keys
• Multiple coin
support
• Secure
• Vulnerable to
elements
• Make great gifts
• Most Secure
• Control of
Private Keys
• Multiple coin
support

10. Mining 10
Algorithms:
Bitcoin – SHA-256
Litecoin – Scrypt
• Proof of Work
• High barriers to entry
• Require ASICs
• Semi-centralized in Asia
Ethereum – Ethash
Monero – CryptoNote

11. In the Media 11
Jamie Dimon says,
“Bitcoin is a fraud!”
G7 plans to buy
blockchain assets in
2018
CBOE, CME,
NASDAQ
Japan most pro
cryptocurrency nation.
Is officially legal tender

12. Conclusion 12
Thank
You!@Ivy_land @Jakegsy
Ivy.land/consulting jake@jakegsy.com