2. gulwiTela
ojaxi: SaSvisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: mcire zomis, mowiTalo-narin-
jisferi saxe da mkerdi, momrgvalo Tavi, didi, Savi
Tvalebi, sxeulis zeda nawili moyavisfro, qveda _ TeTri.
axalgazrda, zrdasruli gulwiTela zafxulisaTvis
mTlianad yavisfer Ria laqebiT Seferilobas iRebs.
kveba: ikvebeba miwaze mcxovrebi mwerebiTა da kenkriT.
binadrobs: tyeebSi, sadac ganviTarebulia qvetye (buCq-
nari), agreTve baRebsa da parkebSi. sakmaod cnobis-
moyvare frinvelia da ar erideba adamianebs.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
mimino
ojaxi: qorisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: mdedri mimino zomiT bevrad
didia mamrze. Oorive sqesis frinvels axasiaTebs mokle,
ganieri da boloSi momrgvalebuli frTebi. fexebi
grZelia da wvrili. grZeli, ZirSi Seviwrovebuli kudis
bolo wakveTilia. mamris sxeulis zeda nawili molur-
jo-moruxoa, qveda beJi, JRali zolebiT. mdedris sxeu-
lis zeda nawilis Seferiloba varirebs muqi yavisfridan
molurjo-moruxomde. qveda mxares moruxo-moyavisfro
zolebia. frenisas frTebis xSir qnevas mokle, daRmavali
livlivi enacvleba.
kveba: ZiriTadad ikvebeba mcire zomis frinvelebiT. aseve
mis sakveb racionSi Sedis mcire zomis mRrRnelebi, amfi-
biebi da zogjer mwerebic.
sabinadro garemo: TiTqmis yvelgan gvxvdeba. Zalze popu-
larulia bazierTa Soris, romlebic mas mwyerze sanadi-
rod iyeneben. saqarTveloSi mobudaria da didi
raodenobiT gvxvdeba migraciebis dros.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
Savi SaSvi
ojaxi: SaSvisebrTa
garegnuli aRweriloba: erT-erTi yvelze farTod ga-
vrcelebuli saxeobaa SaSvebis gvarSi. mamri mTlianad
Savia, narinjisferi niskartiT da arSiiT Tvalis gar-
Semo. mdedri zemodan muqi yavisferia, qvemodan – Ria.
mamrisagan gansxvavebiT niskarti muqia. axalgazrda
frinveli mdedrs waagavs, Tumca ufro mowiTuria da
uxvadaa qvemodan dakoplili. dafrinavs swrafad, ara-
sworxazovnad. mamri SesaniSnavad galobs.
kveba: sakvebs warmoadgens Wiayelebi, lokokinebi, nair-
gvari mwerebi, kenkra da xili.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs TiTqmis yvelanairi
ti pis tyeebSi, kargad ganviTarebuli qvetyiT, baRebSi,
parkebsa da Ria buCqnarebSi. saqarTveloSi mobinadrea.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
2

3. wiwkana
ojaxi: wivwivasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: SeferilobiT did wivwivas waa-
gavs. mis msgavsad sxeulis qveda nawili yviTelia, zeda
ki – molurjo-momwvano. miuxedavad amisa, advilad ga-
moirCeva mcire zomiT, TeTri TaviT, romlis zeda nawili
cisferia da Tvalze gamavali viwro Savi zoli gasdevs.
axalgazrda frinveli SedarebiT bacia da moyviTalo
loyebi aqvs.
kveba: mis ZiriTad sakvebs mwerebi da maTi larvebi war-
moadgens.
sabinadro garemo: wiwkana mravalgvari ti pis habitatSi
gvxvdeba.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
niblia anu skvinCa
ojaxi: mTiulasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: beRuras zomis frinvelia, rom-
lis mamrs axasiaTebs monacrisfro-cisferi Tavi, wabli-
sferi zurgi, movardisfro mkerdi da ori TeTri zoli
frTebze. mdedri da axalgazrda frinveli ufro sadad
arian Seferilni. zurgi moyavisfro-momwvanoa, qveda
mxare ki – moTeTro-beJi. mamris msgavsad frTebze ori
TeTri zoli etyoba. kudis napira bumbulebic TeTria.
gamravlebis periodis Semdeg gundebad erTiandeba am
ojaxis sxva saxeobebTan erTad.
kveba: ikvebeba mcenaris TesliT, nayofiTa da sxva nawile-
biTac, aseve kenkavs mwerebsac.
sabinadro garemo: mravlad gvxvdeba nairgvari ti pis tye-
ebSi, baRebsa da parkebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
Savi wivwiva
ojaxi: wivwivasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: CvenSi gavrcelebul wivwivebs
Soris yvelaze pataraa. Tavi Savia, TeTri loyebiTa da ke-
faze arsebuli TeTri laqiT. didi wivwivasgan gansxvave-
biT sxeulis qveda nawili moklebulia Sav zols.
SesamCnevad mokle da viwro muqi kudi aqvs. sxeulis zeda
nawili ruxia, qveda – beJi. Zalze mousvenari frinvelia
da swrafad moZraobs.
kveba: mis sakvebs warmoadgens mwerebi, maTi larvebi da
Wuprebi, aseve mcenareTa Teslebi da kenkra.
sabinadro garemo: upiratesobas aniWebs wiwvian tyeebs,
Tumca gvxvdeba farTofoTlovanSic, baRebsa da parkebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
3

4. Cveulebrivi guguli
ojaxi: gugulisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: yvelasaTvis kargadaa nacnobi
imiT, rom sakuTar budes ar aSenebs da kvercxebs sxva
frinvelebis budeebSi debs. frenisas siluetiTa da sxeu-
lis SeferilobiT miminos waagavs, Tumca misgan gansxva-
vebiT, wvetiani frTebi aqvs. dafrinavs swrafad da
sworxazovnad. grZeli kudi da wvetiani frTebi axasia-
Tebs. zrdasrulis Seferiloba monacrisfro-ruxia,
TeTri mucliTa da sxeulis gverdebze muqi mura zole-
biT. mdedrs mamrisgan mxolod mkerdis zeda nawilis mo-
yavisfro Seferiloba ganasxvavebs. miuxedavad imisa, rom
guguli kvercxebs sxvadasxva saxeobis frinvelis budeSi
debs, TiToeuli mdedri specializdeba erTi saxeobis ma-
spinZelze, romlis kvercxebic waagavs misas.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiTa da maTi lacvebiT.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
Cveulebrivi kirkita
ojaxi: Savardenisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: Savardnebs Soris yvelaze mra-
valricxovani da farTod gavrcelebulia. mamrs moruxo-
monacrisfro Tavi aqvs. amave feris kudis boloSi
farTo Savi zolia, romelic viwro, TeTri arSiiT bolov-
deba. frTebis gare nawili muraa, xolo danarCeni nawili
da zurgi – moJangmiwisfro-qarci, mravali mura feris
samkuTxa laqebiT. mdedri zemodan, Tavisa da kudis CaT-
vliT, mTlianad moJangmiwisfroa da uxvadaa dazolili
ganivi, mura zolebiT. mamrisagan gansxvavebiT mdedris
kudze ganivi zolebia. orive sqess tanze mravali laqa
aqvs, romlebic gaswvriv zolebs warmoqmnian. frenisas
xSirad Cerdeba haerSi erT adgilas da msxverpls aTva-
lierebs.
kveba: sakvebs ZiriTadad mRrRnelebi da mwerebi warmoad-
gens.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs mravalgvari ti pis habi-
tatSi. misi naxva xSirad SeiZleba qalaqebSic, sadac mra-
valsarTuliani saxlebis saxuravebze budobs.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
samxreTuli bulbuli
ojaxi: mematliasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: sxeulis formiT gulyviTelas
waagavs, Tumca masze mozrdilia, ufro grZeli kudi aqvs da
sada Seferilobisaa. sxeulis zeda nawili moyavisfroa.
kudi da kudzeda mfaravi bumbulebi – mkveTri wab-
lisferia. qvemodan moyavisfro-TeTria. axalgazrda waa-
gavs gulyviTelas, romlisganac ufro didi zomiTa da
wablisferi kudiT ganirCeva. xSirad Zneli SesamCnevia,
roca buCqebsa da balaxebSi gadaadgildeba. Zalze dama-
xasiaTebeli xma aqvs da kargad galobs.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiT, iSviaTad kenkriT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs dablob foTlovan tyeebSi,
baRebsa da parkebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
4

5. Cxikvi
ojaxi: yornisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: CvenSi gavrcelebul yornisebr
frinvelebSi yvelaze mravalferovani bumbulis safar-
veli aqvs. frenisas TvalSi sacemia TeTri kudzeda mfa-
ravi da frTebze arsebuli laqebi, romlebic mkafiod
Cans moSavo feris kudTan da momqnevebTan. cisferi
frTis mfaravebze axlo-axloa ganlagebuli viwro Sav-
TeTri zolebi. kefa, Txemi da zolebi niskartis qvemoT
Savia. sxeulis ZiriTadi Seferiloba movardisfro-yavis-
feria.
kveba: ikvebeba mcenareTa TeslebiT, kenkriT, xiliTa da
mcire zomis mwerebiT.
sabinadro garemo: TiTqmis yovelTvis tyian adgilebSi
gvxvdeba, upiratesobas aniWebs muxnarebs. zRvis donidan
2000 m-mde vrceldeba.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
Cveulebrivi gvriti
ojaxi: mtredisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: mcire zomis, mtredisnairi frin-
velia. sxeulis zeda nawili moyavisfro-wiTuria, moSavo
xalebiT, muceli TeTri. dajdomisas da afrenisas kar-
gad Cans saWis bumbulebis TeTri boloebi. frTebis
qveda nawili muqia. axalgazrda frinveli moklebulia
zrdasrulisTvis damaxasiaTebel Sav-TeTr laqebs kis-
ris orive mxares da erTianad monacrisfro-yavisferia.
Zalze Cqara dafrinavs. binadrobs buCqnarian an meCxer,
dabali tyiT dafarul adgilebSi. zogjer budes xexi-
lis baRebSic ikeTebs.
kveba: ikvebeba marcvlovnebiT, iSviaTad mwerebiT, molu-
skebiTa da sxva.
sabinadro garemo: xSirad gvxvdeba sasoflo-sameurneo
nakveTebSi (zafxulis bolos), gansakuTrebiT mzesumzi-
ris yanebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
molaRuri
ojaxi: beRurasnairni
garegnuli aRweriloba: didi zomis beRurasnairi frin-
velia, grZeli kudiT da grZeli frTebiT. mamri kaSkaSa
yviTeli Seferilobisaa. Savi frTebi da kudi aqvs, romlis
boloSic yviTeli arSiaa. orive sqesisTvis damaxasiaTebe-
lia wiTeli niskarti. mdedri zemodan moyviTalo-mom-
wvanoa. qveda, moTeTro monacrisfro mxare dazolilia.
sakmaod frTxili frinvelia. bevrad ufro advilia misi
xmis gagoneba, vidre TviTon frinvelis danaxva.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiT, iSviaTad kenkriT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs WalebSi, gameCxerebul tye-
ebSi, baRebsa da parkebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
5

6. Citbatona
ojaxi: mTiulasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: patara frinvelia mravalfero-
vani bumbulis safarveliT. mas wvrili niskarti da amok-
veTili kudi aqvs. Tavis SeferilobaSi wiTeli, TeTri da
Savi ferebi erTmaneTs enacvleba. frTebi Savia, mkveTri
da farTo yviTeli zolebiT. kudzeda mfaravebi qaTqaTa
TeTria, kudi ki – Savi, TeTri niSnebiT. axalgazrda frin-
veli moruxo Seferilobisaa, sada TaviT. socialuri
frinvelia da xSirad patara gundebad gvxvdeba.
kveba: ikvebeba sarevelebis TesliT, marcvlovnebiTa da
patar-patara WiebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs tyis pirebSi, xexilis ba-
RebSi, parkebsa da sxva.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
didi wivwiva
ojaxi: wivwivasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: rogorc saxeli miuTiTebs, igi
wivwivebs Soris yvelaze didia. gamoirCeva Savi TaviT,
TeTri loyebiTa da kargad gamoxatuli Savi zoliT, ro-
melic yviTeli sxeulis qveda nawils Suaze kveTs. mam-
rTan SedarebiT mdedrs igi viwro aqvs. sxeulis zeda
nawili momwvanoa, molurjo feris frTebiT da kudiT.
axalgazrda frinvels Savi Seferilobis mqone adgilebi
SedarebiT baci aqvs.
kveba: ikvebeba mcenareTa zeTisSemcveli TeslebiT, rasac
gamravlebis periodSi sxvadasxvagvari mwerebi da sxva
wvrili uxerxemloebi emateba.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs TiTqmis yvelanairi ti pis
tyeebsa da baRebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
mwvanula
ojaxi: mTiulasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: beRurasodena, msxvili aRnagobis
frinvelia, didi TaviTa da konusisebri niskartiT. mamris
saerTo Seferiloba momwvano-moyviTaloa, mdedris – mom-
wvano-ruxi. orive sqesis frinvels pirveli rigis momqne-
vebis Zirebi da laqebi kudis gverdebze yviTeli aqvs.
kudi SuaSi amokveTilia. axalgazrdas zurgsa da mu-
celze odnav SesamCnevi zolebi gasdevs. gazafxulze
mamri xSirad xis kenweroze jdeba da galobs, riTic mde-
dris yuradRebas iqcevs.
kveba: ikvebeba sarevela da kulturuli mcenareebis Te-
sliT, kenkriTa da iSviaTad mwerebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs tyis pirebSi, buCqnarSi, ba-
Rebsa da parkebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
6

7. kulumburi
ojaxi: mTiulasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: beRuraze didi, msxvili aRnago-
bis frinvelia, mokle kudiTa da mZlavri niskartiT, ro-
melic gamravlebis periodSi molurjo-ruxia, zamTarSi
ki beJi. aqvs wiTuri Tavi. TvalebTan da niskartTan Savi
laqebi. kisris areSi zeda mxridan nacrisferi naxevar-
rkali gasdevs, romelic mkveTrad Cans muqi yavisferi
zurgis fonze. molurjo-moSavo frTebze farTo TeTri
zolebi gasdevs. yavisferi kudis bolo da kudqveSa mfa-
ravi TeTria. zamTarSi mcire gundebad gvxvdeba.
kveba: ikvebeba marcvlovnebiTa da zogjer mwerebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs Sereul tyeebsa da par-
kebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
ruxi yvavi
ojaxi: yornisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: CvenSi yvelaze farTod gavrce-
lebuli didi zomis yornisebri frinvelia. bumbulis sa-
farvelis umetesi nawili ruxia, Tavi, mkerdi, frTebi da
kudi ki – Savi. frenis konturiT Wilyvavs waagavs, Tumca
am ukanasknels ufro grZeli frTebi da momrgvalo for-
mis kudi gaaCnia. socialuri frinvelia, magram ar er-
Tiandeba iseT did gundebad, rogorsac Wilyvavi da Wka
warmoqmnian.
kveba: kvebis racioni mravalferovania.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs upiratesad anTropogenul
landSaftSi: qarsacav zolebsa da parkebSi, aseve Wa-
lebSi, tyis pirebsa da koromebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
ofofi
ojaxi: ofofisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: Zalze kontrastulad Seferili
frinvelia, Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, afrenamde sakmaod
axlo manZilzec ki SeumCneveli rCeba. advili gamosacno-
bia grZeli, moxrili niskartiTa da Tavze arsebuli qo-
CriT, romelic umetesad dakecili aqvs. frTebsa da
kudze farTo, Sav-TeTri zolebi aqvs. sxeulis qveda na-
wili, Tavi da kiseri moJangisfroa. gamravlebis pe-
riodSi mamri damaxasiaTebel xmas gamoscems, romelic
did manZilze ismis.
kveba: ikvebeba mcire zomis uxerxemloebiT, mwerebiTa da
maTi matlebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs velebsa da naxevarudabno-
ebSi, zogjer adamianis samosaxlosTan.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
7

8. qalaqis mercxali
ojaxi: mercxlisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: soflis mercxalze momcro, ze-
modan molurjo-moSavo Seferilobis mqone frinvelia.
sxva mercxlebisgan advilad gamoirCeva TeTri kudzeda
mfaravi bumbulebiT. sxeulis qveda nawili TeTria. so-
flis mercxlisgan gansxvavebiT kudi naklebadaa amokve-
Tili da moklebulia kidura wagrZelebul bumbulebs.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiT, romlebsac haerSi did simaRleze
iWers.
sabinadro garemo: budobs koloniurad, rogorc Senobe-
bze, ise kldovan flateebze.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
saxlis beRura
ojaxi: beRurisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: yvelasaTvis kargad aris nacnobi,
vinaidan adamianis samosaxlosTan mcxovreb frinvelTa
Soris yvelaze farTod gavrcelebuli saxeobaa. mamri-
sTvis damaxasiaTebelia ruxi kefa da Txemi, romelsac
garSemo farTo wablisferi arSia akravs. Savi feris
yeli da mkerdi mkveTr kontrasts qmnis moTeTro loyeb-
Tan. mdedrsa da axalgazrda frinvels sxeulis zeda na-
wili Ria yavisferi aqvT, qveda – monacrisfro. Savgula
beRurasagan gansxvavebiT, sxeulis gverdebi naklebadaa
dazolili..
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiTa da gansakuTrebiT marcvlovne-
biT.
sabinadro garemo: TiTqmis yovelTvis gvxvdeba anTropo-
genul landSaftSi. xSirad didi raodenobiT iyris Tavs
fermebis malxoblad. ar erideba soflebsa da mWidrod
dasaxlebul qalaqebs.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
kaWkaWi
ojaxi: yornisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: yvelasTvis kargad nacnobi, Sav-
TeTri Seferilobis frinvelia. muceli, mxrebi da pir-
velxarisxovani (pirveli rigis) momqnevebi TeTria.
danarCeni bumbulis safarveli Savia, metaluri mo-
lurjo-momwvano elferiT. frenisas gamoirCeva mom-
rgvalo frTebiTa da grZeli kudiT. sakmaod xmauriani
frinvelia.
kveba: Zalze mravalferovani kvebis racioni aqvs.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs umeteswilad anTropoge-
nul landSaftSi: baRebSi, venaxebSi, qarsacav zolebSi
da a.S.
gavrcelebis areali: qarTli, kaxeTi
8

9. Cveulebrivi bolocecxla
ojaxi: mematliasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: Txeli aRnagobis frinvelia,
grZeli moJangisfro-wiTeli kudiT, romelsac drodadro
aqanqarebs. mamrisTvis damaxasiaTebelia Savi saxe da
yeli, TeTri Subli, ruxi sxeulis zeda nawili da mona-
rijisfro mkerdi da muceli. mdedri da axalgazrda in-
dividi zemodan moyavisfro-monacrisfroa, qvemodan ki –
moTeTro beJi. budidan gadmofrenis periodSi axalga-
zrda gulwiTelas waagavs, romlisganac kaSkaSa feris
kudiTa da kudzeda bumbuliT gansxvavdeba.
kveba: ikvebeba mcire zomis mwerebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs mravalgvari ti pis habi-
tatSi, xSirad adamianis siaxloves.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
wyalwyala
ojaxi: boloqanqarisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: advilad gamoirCeva amave gvaris
sxva saxeobebisgan ruxi, TeTri da Savi ferebis kombina-
ciiT. damaxasiaTebelia Savi Seferiloba yelsa da mker-
dze, romelic Zlier kontrasts qmnis TeTr saxesTan da
mucelTan, romelic zamTarSi viwrovdeba da arSiis
saxiT rCeba. zurgi frinvels moruxo aqvs, niskarti, kefa,
Txemi da grZeli kudis Sua bumbulebi – Savi. siarulis
dros Tavs da kuds aqanqarebs. frena talRovani aqvs.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiTa da maTi matlebiT, obobebiTa da
kibosnairebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs Ria adgilebSi, fermebTan
da adamianis samosaxloebTan. xSirad gvxvdeba wylis
piras. budobs nagebobebsa da kldeebSi arsebul xvre-
lebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
WinWraqa anu RobemZvrala
ojaxi: meWinWriasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: saqarTveloSi gavrcelebul
frinvelTa Soris erT-erTi yvelaze pataraa. wvrili,
odnav daxrili niskarti da mokle, momrgvalo frTebi da
mokle kudi aqvs, romelic xSirad zemoTaa aprexili.
sxeulis zeda nawili monacrisfro-yavisferia, qveda ki –
ufro Ria. frTebze, kudsa da gverdebze viwro zolebi
gasdevs. Tvals zemoT kargad etyoba Ria feris zoli.
dafrinavs sworxazovnad, frTebis xSiri qneviT. saocrad
mkvircxli moZraobebi aqvs, miuxedavad mcire zomisa
Zlieri xma aqvs da SesaniSnavad galobs.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs tyeebsa da baRebSi.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
9

10. yviTeli boloqanqara
ojaxi: boloqanqarisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: wyalwyalas zomis Txeli aRna-
gobis frinvelia. grZeli kudiTa da grZeli fexebiT. misi
ramdenime rasa arsebobs, romlebic gansxvavdebian erTma-
neTisagan SeferilobiT, Tumca yvela maTganisTvis dama-
xasiaTebelia yviTeli muceli da momwvano zurgi.
axalgazrda da mozamTre individebi ufro baci ferisani
arian. aqvs Savi fexebi, niskarti da kudi, romlis gare
bumbulebi TeTria.
kveba: ikvebeba mcire zomis uxerxemloebiT, mwerebiTa da
maTi matlebiT.
sabinadro garemo: gvxvdeba wylis piras, Waobebsa da mde-
loebze. budes miwaze, balaxeuli safaris qveS ikeTebs.
migraciebis dros gundebad erTiandeba.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo - (gamravlebis
periodSi mTian regionSi iyrian Tavs.)
Cveulebrivi Tolia
ojaxi: Toliasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: farTod gavrcelebuli patara
zomis Toliaa. gamravlebis dros mamris fexebi da
grZeli, wawvetebuli niskarti wiTelia, Tavi – muqi yavi-
sferi. zurgi da frTebi zemodan nacrisferia, gare pir-
veli rigis bumbulebis Savi boloebiT. frTas wina
mxares TvalSi sacemi TeTri zoli gasdevs, romelic mas
sxva Toliebisagan gamoarCevs. zamTarSi Tavi TeTrdeba
da mxolod Tvalis ukan rCeba erTi an ori muqi laqa.
kveba: ikvebeba mwerebiT, wylis zogierTi organizmebiTa
da zogjer mcire zomis ZuZumwovrebiTac.
sabinadro garemo: Ggvxvdeba rogorc Sida wyalsatevebze,
ise zRvis sanapiroze. ar erideba mdinareebze gaSenebul
qalaqebsac. mravldeba koloniurad Waobebsa da tbebSi
arsebul kunZulebze. literaturuli monacemebiT saqar-
Tvelos zogierT nawilSi mobudaria, zogan ki mozamTre.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
didi SavTava Tolia
ojaxi: Toliasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: didi zomis Toliaa, romelsac
zafxulSi axasiaTebs Savi Tavi da didi, moyviTalo-na-
rinjisferi niskarti boloSi Savi zoliT. Tvalis gar-
Semo TeTri feris, SuaSi gamwydari arSiaa. pirveli rigis
momqnevebi TeTria, Savi kideebiT. zamTarSi Tavi moTeTro
xdeba da mxolod Tvalis ukan rCeba mura feris laqa.
kveba: rogorc Toliebis umetesoba, esec ikvebeba wylis
organizmebiT, mwerebiTa da mcire zomis ZuZumwovrebiT.
sabinadro garemo: saqarTveloSi SedarebiT iSviaTad
gvxvdeba gadafrenebis dros sxvadasxva ti pis wyalsate-
vebze.
gavrcelebis areali: qarTli, kaxeTi
10

11. Toxitara
ojaxi: Toxitarasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: Toxitaras ojaxis erTaderTi
warmomadgenelia. patara, momrgvalo formis sxeuli da
grZeli kudi axasiaTebs. sxeulis qveda nawili moTeTro-
beJia, zurgi – ruxi. Zalze patara niskarti aqvs. Tvals
zemoT kefisken orive mxares Savi zolebi miemarTeba. gam-
ravlebis periodis Semdeg frinvelebi mcire gundebad
ikribebian.
kveba: ikvebeba wvrili mwerebiTa da obobebiT.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs Sereul an wiwvian tyeSi.
saqarTveloSi mobinadrea.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
yviTelfexeba Tolia
ojaxi: Toliasebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: didi zomis Zlieri aRnagobis
frinvelia grZeli Zlieri niskartiT. zemodan zurgi da
frTebi nacrisferia. frTis boloebi Savi da TeTri la-
qebiTaa, momqneveli bumbulebis boloebze. Tavi, tani da
kudi TeTria. rogorc saxeli miuTiTebs, fexebi Ria Se-
ferilobisaa. msgavsi somxuri Toliisagan gansxvavebiT
Ria feris Tvali da sxeulis zeda nawili aqvs.
kveba: ikvebeba TevzebiTa da mcire zomis ZuZumwovrebiT.
sabinadro garemo: mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi gvxvdeba
Sida wyalsatevebze da zRvis sanapirozec. saqarTveloSi
budoba ar dafiqsirebula. mcireodeni xnis win ganixile-
boda rogorc vercxlisferi Toliis erT-erTi rasa,
xolo monacemebiT vercxlisferi Tolia gavrcelebulia
Crdilo-dasavleT evropaSi da saqarTveloSi saerTod ar
gvxvdeba. yviTelfexebasgan gansvavebiT mas sxeulis zeda
nawili Ria nacrisferi, fexebi ki movardisfro aqvs.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
qalaqis mtredi
ojaxi: mtredisebrni
garegnuli aRweriloba: mtredis sxeuli ZiriTadad mo-
ruxo Seferilobisaa. rogorc wesi Tavi, yeli da mkerdi
aqvs monacrisfro-cisferi. aqvs mwvane, moyviTalo an me-
wamuli metaliseburi sipriale kisersa da mkerdze. ase-
Tive si priale SeiZleba aReniSnebodes frTis mfarav
bumbulebze. Tvalis feradi garsi SeiZleba iyos mowi-
Talo, narinjisferi an mooqrosfro-yviTeli. frTebi
farTe da wamaxvilebulia. kudi momrgvalebuli. ZiriTa-
dad muqi feris daboloebiT da TeTri arSiiT boloeb-
Tan. fexebi Seferilia vardisferidan monacrifsro
Savamde. zogierT frinvels fexebi nawilobriv dafa-
ruli aqvT bumbuliT.
kveba: mtredis ZiriTad sakvebs warmoadgens marcvleuli.
sabinadro garemo: binadrobs rogorc velur bunebaSi
aseve sofelbsa da did qalaqebSi. adamianebs ar erideba
da ZiriTadad budes ikeTebs rogorc sacxovrebel, ise
sawarmoo nagebobebSi. saqarTveloSi mobinadrea.
gavrcelebis areali: mTeli saqarTvelo
11