BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS seminar on compartment

1. BIOPHARMACEUTICS &
PHARMACOKINETICS
PHARMACOKINETICS
AADITYA BAJARANG GANGULE
ROLL NO.94

2. POINTS TO BE COVER
 Defination
 Pharmacokinetic model
 Application of pharmacokinetic model
 Types of pharmacokinetic model
i) Compartment model

3. DEFINATION
 Pharmacokinetics is defined as Kinetics of drug absorption,
distribution metabolism and excretion (ADME) and their
relationship with the pharmacological therapeutic or toxicologic
response in human and animal

4. PHARAMACOKINETIC MODEL
 Kinetics model is thorem using mathematical term to describe quantitative
relationship
 The mathematical model used to calculate absorption, distribution and
elimination are known as pharmacokinetic model the pharmacokinetic
model express the time course of drug throughout the body
 It is also used
i. To predict the concentration of drug in body fluid after administration of
dose
ii. To predict the behaviors of drug in patient

5. Application of pharmacokinetic model
 Characterizing the behaviour of drug in patient
 Predicting the concentration of drugs in various body fluid with any dosage
regimen.
 Predict the multiple dosage concentration curves from single dose experiment.
 Evaluating the risk of toxicity .
 Explaining drug interactions.

6. Types of pharmacokinetic model
 There are Three different types :
1) Compartment model
2) Physiological model
3) Non-compartment model

7. Compartment model
 Compartment model it is assume that the body consists of series of
compartments each compartment may exchange material with other
compartments (distribution). A compartment is not real physiologic or
autonomic region but it is considered as tissue have the same blood flow
and affinity of drugs the compartment is ‘well stirred’ and distribution of
drug is uniform and rapid with which compartment the rate of moment of
the compartment follows first order Kinetic rate constant are used to
express the overall process of drug come in an out from the compartment.
 compartment model are divided into mammillary and caternary model

8. Mammillary model
 Mammillary model this model is the most common compartment model used
in pharmacoKinetic the model consists of Central compartment and peripheral
compartment. The peripheral compartment are connected to Central
compartment
 Central compart comprises the blood and highly perfuse tissue, liver, lungs,
kidney, etc that equilibrate with the rapid elimination usually occurs from this
compartment
 Peripheral compartment it comprises of poorly perfuse and slow equilibriating
tissue such as muscles skin adipose tissue etc are considered as hybrid of
several functional physiological unit

10. CATERNARY MODEL
 The caternary model it consists of compartment which are join to one another
like compartment of train ( connected in series)
 This model is really used

11. ADVANTAGES
 Advantages of compartment model
 The compartment model provide visual presentation of rate process involved in
drug disposition
 This models enables to estimate drug concentration time profile in normal and
pathological condition it also helpful dosage from development of usage
regimen
 it help pharmacokinetics to write differential equation for each of the rate
process to explain drug concentration changes in individual compartment

12. DISADVANTAGES
 Disadvantage of compartment model
 The model may differ within a study population
 The model is applicable to specific drug under observation
 Model depends on curve fitting of plasma concentration with multi-
exponential mathematical equation

13. THANK YOU