When developing symfony plugins for use and reuse in your projects and maybe (hopefully) by the symfony community you want to make sure that a new release doesn't break with backwards compatibility. While symfony comes with lime the de facto standard for unit testing in PHP is PHPUnit and it offers much more. This session will show you some of the best practices of testing symfony plugins. You will learn how to organise your tests and how to reduce your dependencies to the bare essentials.
When developing symfony plugins for use and reuse in your projects and maybe (hopefully) by the symfony community you want to make sure that a new release doesn't break with backwards compatibility. While symfony comes with lime the de facto standard for unit testing in PHP is PHPUnit and it offers much more. This session will show you some of the best practices of testing symfony plugins. You will learn how to organise your tests and how to reduce your dependencies to the bare essentials.
Powerpoint accompanying workshop session from the Homeless and Housing Coalition of Kentucky's 2013 conference. Presented by Mary Frances Schafer, The Coalition for the Homeless and Davey King, Kentucky Housing Corporation
As part of the latest HEARTH ACT regulations outlining the rules for obtaining federal homeless funding, all
communities must now develop a common assessment to ensure that all homeless clients receiving services
are assessed to understand their unique needs and helped to find services directly related to these needs. Our
speakers will describe how communities across the Commonwealth are working to implement this new requirement.
Vergleichen Sie das Unvergleichbare: bei Definition haben IoT und Industrie 4.0 nicht Gemeisames (s. Wikipedie). Trotzdem werden die Begriffe oft "zusammengewürfelt". Hier werden die Resultate eines interaktiven Experiments unter http://svy.mk/1Hh2Gjd publiziert. Dazu auch meine (subjektive) Meinung. Viel Spaß.
Plamen
“I believe that people do business with you because of who you are and what you stand for, not because of what you do”
So, who are you? What do you stand for?
In today's world, Google has become the new background check.
What do we find when we Google you?
What when find when we Google you, is your online personal reputation.
Whether accurate or not...
So how to create and manage your online personal reputation?
Some tips in short to get on track:
First, craft the story that underwrites who you are and what you stand for.
Use the right pictures to illustrate the story
Second, publish your story online, use a captivating title and use the keywords you want to be found on
Third, make sure people will find the stories when they Google you
Tags: CoolBrands, CoolBrandsPeople, CoolBrands People, People, Maarten Schafer, Maarten, Schafer, Online reputation, Personal Reputation, Online, Personal, Reputation, Online Personal Reputation, CBNWS, What do you stand for,
Powerpoint accompanying workshop session from the Homeless and Housing Coalition of Kentucky's 2013 conference. Presented by Mary Frances Schafer, The Coalition for the Homeless and Davey King, Kentucky Housing Corporation
As part of the latest HEARTH ACT regulations outlining the rules for obtaining federal homeless funding, all
communities must now develop a common assessment to ensure that all homeless clients receiving services
are assessed to understand their unique needs and helped to find services directly related to these needs. Our
speakers will describe how communities across the Commonwealth are working to implement this new requirement.
Vergleichen Sie das Unvergleichbare: bei Definition haben IoT und Industrie 4.0 nicht Gemeisames (s. Wikipedie). Trotzdem werden die Begriffe oft "zusammengewürfelt". Hier werden die Resultate eines interaktiven Experiments unter http://svy.mk/1Hh2Gjd publiziert. Dazu auch meine (subjektive) Meinung. Viel Spaß.
Plamen
“I believe that people do business with you because of who you are and what you stand for, not because of what you do”
So, who are you? What do you stand for?
In today's world, Google has become the new background check.
What do we find when we Google you?
What when find when we Google you, is your online personal reputation.
Whether accurate or not...
So how to create and manage your online personal reputation?
Some tips in short to get on track:
First, craft the story that underwrites who you are and what you stand for.
Use the right pictures to illustrate the story
Second, publish your story online, use a captivating title and use the keywords you want to be found on
Third, make sure people will find the stories when they Google you
Tags: CoolBrands, CoolBrandsPeople, CoolBrands People, People, Maarten Schafer, Maarten, Schafer, Online reputation, Personal Reputation, Online, Personal, Reputation, Online Personal Reputation, CBNWS, What do you stand for,
Retech Conference 2011 Renewable chemicals. Chemical building blocks from ren...Thomas Schäfer
At Retech Conference in September 2011, I gave a presentation on the potential of renewable chemicals , the vision of Novozymes in that field and the major global drivers
The gradual feedstock change, Novozymes Thomas Schafer June 7, 2010Thomas Schäfer
Presentation that I gave on the impact of the gradual feedstock change. I focused on the perspectives for industrial biotechnology in a world with volatile crude oil prices.
Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey presented VTT's wide and novel expertise in Industrial Biotechnology in the Polish-Finnish Innovation Forum in Helsinki June 8, 2016.
Bridging the bioeconomy innovation gap - The Bio Base NWE projectNNFCC
This presentation was delivered at the 'The First Annual BEACON Conference: Biorefining from Plants to Products'. The presentation discusses the drivers for biobased chemicals in the bioeconomy and the need to support innovation through process scale up and demonstration.
This presentation was given at a Royal Society of Chemistry Industrial Biotechnology Group Meeting on the 17th September 2013. The presentation covers the key aspects of the biobased chemical market and introduces the support for innovation given by the European Interreg IVB Bio Base NWE project.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
https://viralsocialtrends.com/vat-registration-outlined-in-uae/
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirements
Biological Solutions in a chemical world
1. BIOLOGICAL
SOLUTIONS IN A
CHEMICAL
WORLD
Thomas Schäfer
Vice President, R&D
Philadelphia, August 2012
2. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Novozymes – The World Leader in Bioinnovation
• Largest market share of all players in Global enzyme market
Industrial Enzymes (47%) 2009 value: DKK ~ 16bn
• More than 60 years legacy in the Novozymes Danisco DSM Others Captive
business
• 2011 sales of DKK 10,510m 47% 21% 6% 16% 10%
(+8% in DKK, +10% in LCY, +7%
organic)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
• 20 years sales growth CAGR of 8%
• EBIT: DKK 2340m (+11 %)
• ~ 14% of sales spent on R&D
• + 6,300 granted and pending patents
• + 5,500 employees Enzyme Business BioBusiness
• Global Organisation
Household Food & Feed & Micro- Biopharmaceutical
Bioenergy
• More than 700 products used in 130 Care Beverages other Tech. organisms ingredients
countries in over 30 different industries *A+B shares April, 2011
2
3. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Novozymes’ Vision
• Less need for energy, water and chemicals
• Better utilization of raw materials
• Less CO2 emissions
• Ability to convert agricultural feedstocks
• Ability to produce food, feed, fibres, fuels & materials
3
4. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Central Working Hypothesis: Sugar/biomass can
gradually & partially replace fossile feedstocks
Fuel
Chemicals
Energy
…
• Where it “makes sense” (economy, LCA, customers)
• Where it is technically advantagous 4
5. 5 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION
Biorefinery as central element
6. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Summary: Novozymes technologies deliver key
enablers for the biobased society
2 REFINING
1 INPUT 3 OUTPUT
The Sugar Platform
Microbial products for
BioAg
Platform
Enzymes Chemicals
5 4
Strong partnerships from
agriculture to consumer
companies
6
7. 7 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
1 INPUT: Three main technology BioAg platforms
Rhizobia
Biofertility
• Improve the uptake of N and P
Biocontrol
• Fungicides and bactericides
• Insecticides
• Herbicides
• Nematicides (future interest) LCO: OBSERVED BENEFITS
Bio-yield enhancement
• Yield improvement unrelated
to macronutrient acquisition
8. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
2 Novozymes’ Central Technology: The Sugar Platform
• Cellulosic bioethanol drives our technology development
Starch Enzyme
process
Fermentable
sugars
Yeast Bio-
Fermentation ethanol
Waste Pre- Enzyme
treatment Cellulose
biomass process
process
8
9. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Feb 2010: Novozymes Launches Cellic® CTec2
Allows production of
fuel ethanol from
biomass @ ca. USD
2.50 per gallon,
depending on
process
9
10. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Feb 2012: Next generation
Cellic CTec3
®
We can secure your plant’s
lowest total cost
10
11. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Feb 2012: Next generation
Cellic CTec3
®
11
12. THE TECHNOLOGY IS READY AND
PRODUCTION IS BEING SCALED UP
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
US Demonstration scale Commercial scale
Europe Demonstration scale Commercial scale
China Pilot scale Demonstration scale Commercial scale
Brazil Pilot scale Demonstration scale
SELECTED EXAMPLES 12
13. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
M&G Breaks Ground for First Commercial Plant in
EUROPE
• Novozymes’ partner M&G begins
construction of the world’s first
commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plant
• The plant will produce 13 million
gallons of ethanol per year from
biomass, and is competitive with 60-
70 USD/barrel oil
• The biofuels plant will be ready in 2012,
and is located in Crescentino, Northern
Italy
Pictures courtesy of M&G
14
14. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
…while China accelerates:
Shengquan Group in July 2012…
• When China’s Shengquan Group starts
producing cellulosic ethanol in July
2012, it will be the first in the world to
do so on a commercial scale.
Novozymes’ partner Shengquan • More than that, the production will also
invests $100 million to market be cost-competitive with conventional
cellulosic ethanol ethanol, as the feedstock is a waste
product from Shengquan’s current
During the visit to Denmark of Hu Jintao, production.
President of the People's Republic of
China, Shengquan and Novozymes • Shengquan is a leading producer of
finalized an enzyme supply deal to furfural for resin production in the
market cellulosic ethanol. foundry industry. Furfural is produced
from corncob xylose, with the cellulose
from the corncob left behind as a waste
15. June 2012 product. Using Novozymes’ enzymes,
Shengquan will now be able to convert
http://www.novozymes.com/en/news/news- the cellulose into higher-value sugars
archive/Pages/novozymes-partner-shengquan- that can be fermented to ethanol.
invests-100-million-to-market-cellulosic-ethanol.aspx
15
15. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
…as well as Brazil
• Today, June 23.05. 2012, GraalBio
announced plans to start production in
December 2013 of 82 million liters (22
Novozymes to supply first advanced million gallons) of advanced biofuels per
biofuels factory in Brazil year at a new factory in the Brazilian
state of Alagoas.
Brazilian bioenergy company GraalBio to
construct commercial scale cellulosic • The plant will produce cellulosic ethanol
ethanol facility in Brazil by 2013. from sugarcane bagasse and straw.
23. June 2012 • Novozymes will supply the necessary
enzyme technology
• Beta Renewables and Chemtex, both
part of Italian chemical group Mossi &
Ghisolfi (M&G), will provide other
process technologies and engineering.
http://www.novozymes.com/en/news/news- http://www.biofuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2012/05/24/graalbio
archive/Pages/Novozymes-to-supply-first-advanced- -investimentos-plans-to-invest-724-5-million-in-five-
biofuels-factory-in-Brazil.aspx cellulosic-ethanol-projects-in-brazil/
16
16. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
3
The Sugar Platform is our link to OUTPUT
Starch Enzyme
process
Fermentable
sugars
Yeast Bio-
Fermentation ethanol
Waste Pre- Enzyme
treatment Cellulose
biomass process
process
Platform Technology:
enables production of a broad spectrum
of products
17
17. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
3 Production of Renewable Chemicals
– a Good Fit to our Technology and our Vision
Yeast Bio-
Fermentation ethanol
Fermentable
sugars
18
18. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
3 Production of Renewable Chemicals
– a Good Fit to our Technology and our Vision
Yeast Bio- Renewable
Fermentation ethanol chemicals
Fermentable
sugars
19
19. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
3 Production of Renewable Chemicals
– a Good Fit to our Technology and our Vision
Yeast Bio- Renewable
Fermentation ethanol chemicals
Fermentable
sugars
Heterogenous Renewable
catalysis chemicals
20
20. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
3 Partnering is essential for us
Yeast Bio- Renewable
Fermentation ethanol chemicals
Fermentable
sugars
Chemical Renewable
Catalysis chemicals
Novel
engineered
pathway Renewable
-- chemicals
Novel
Bioprocess/
Enzymes
21
21. 22 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Novozymes’ biochemicals pipeline
Acrylic acid
Green polypropylene
C4 dicarboxylic acids Partner tbd
Novozymes’
biosolutions for
biochemicals Glycol
Glutamic acid
HMF/FDCA Partner tbd
BY BUILDING A BIOCHEMICAL INDUSTRY
PAVING THE WAY FOR THE BIOBASED SOCIETY
TOGETHER WITH OUR PARTNERS
22. 23 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Novozymes’ biochemicals pipeline
Acrylic acid
Green polypropylene
C4 dicarboxylic acids Partner tbd
Novozymes’
biosolutions for
biochemicals Glycol
Glutamic acid
HMF/FDCA Partner tbd
PAVING THE WAY FOR THE BIOBASED SOCIETY HIGHLIGHTS AUGUST 2012
23. 24 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Novozymes/Cargill partner with BASF
August 18th, 2012
Cargill & Novozymes started in 2008
BASF joins the cooperation now
24. 25 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Case study: Novozymes’ Malic Acid project
Market potential
• Market size: 130 mUSD
• Market volume: 60 kMT
• Annual growth: 4%
• Applications: Food, beverages, cleaning
Produced from renewables agents
Starch or
Glucose Malic acid • C4 dicarboxylic acids are platform
biomass
chemicals:
Petro-based Maleic • can be further converted into
Malic acid
feedstock anhydride derivatives such as BDO, THF and
GBL which are used for a wide
Price in USD 2000 2010 variety of plastic, polymer and resin
applications
Malic acid 800/MT 2100/MT
Source: ICIS, SRI Consulting
25. 26 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Overview of Novozymes’ Malic Acid project
Overall objective was to develop a microorganism that produces
commercially relevant levels of malic acid and secure freedom to
operate by timely filing of IP
Approach: Improve malic acid production in the novel, natural
malic acid producing filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae
NRRL 3488 by overexpression of cloned genes and classical
mutagenesis
Project targets were defined by a minimum volumetric
productivity and an overall Performance Factor (= Final product
concentration * Volumetric Productivity * g/g Yield on glucose)
Target performance must also be achieved in commercially
acceptable fermentation medium
MALIC ACID
STATUS AUGUST 2012
26. 27 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Highest final malic acid concentration (Mutant M3)
and highest volumetric productivity (Mutant M4)
Major Acids Major Acids
350 300
Acid Concentration (g/L)
Acid Concentration (g/L)
300 250
250
200
200
150
150
100
100
50 50
0 0
0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 192 0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 192
Total C4
Time (hrs) Total C4
Time (hrs)
acids acids
Malic acid Malic acid
Data from un-optimized lab scale fermentations
Likelihood of further strain improvements is high
27
27. 28 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Malic Acid as the preferred C4-platform chemical:
RECOVERY - crystal formation in fermentation
Mutant M3 Mutant M4
Crystal size varies with strain/lineage
Smaller crystals give higher viscosity
28. 29 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Enzymatic modifications relevant for the
4
chemical industry: > het/homogenous catalysis!
Esterification and ester • Application of lipases & cutinases in aqueous or non-
aqueous environment. Can be enantioselective. Also used for
hydrolysis polyester synthesis.
Nitrile hydrolysis • Hydrolysis to amide or carboxylic acid under mild conditions.
Can be enantioselective.
• Polymerization of aromatic structures by hydrogen
Free-radical polymerization abstraction using oxidoreductases
• Oxidation of aromatic side chains
Side chain oxidation using oxidoreductases
• Hydroxylation of aromatic or aliphatic carbon using
Hydroxylation oxidoreductases. Can be enantioselective
• Epoxidation of double bonds using lipases
Epoxidation or oxidoreductases
8/1
9/2
012
29. 30 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Enzymatic modifications relevant for the
4
chemical industry: > het/homogenous catalysis!
Esterification and ester • Application of lipases & cutinases in aqueous or non-
aqueous environment. Can be enantioselective. Also used for
hydrolysis polyester synthesis.
Nitrile hydrolysis • Hydrolysis to amide or carboxylic acid under mild conditions.
• Proteases
Can be enantioselective.
• Lipases,
• Polymerization of aromatic structures by hydrogen
Free-radical polymerization esterases/cutinases
abstraction using oxidoreductases
• Oxido-reductases;
laccases,
• Oxidation of aromatic side chains
Side chain oxidation using oxidoreductases
peroxidases,
chloroperoxidase,
peroxygenase
• Hydroxylation of aromatic or aliphatic carbon using
Hydroxylation oxidoreductases. Can be enantioselective
• Amylolytic enzymes
• Epoxidation of double bonds using lipases
Epoxidation or oxidoreductases
8/1
9/2
012
30. 31 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Novel experimental unspecific peroxygenase
catalyses hydroxylation reactions using only
hydrogen peroxide
• Opportunities:
• Peroxygenases provides oxyfunctionality to
a range of different substrates
Peroxygenases can be used i.e. in:
• Hydroxylation reactions
• Oxidation reactions
• Polymerisation reactions
• Regio and stereo selectivity can be very
high but depends on the actual substrate
• Peroxygenases operates under mild
conditions (pH 5-8; 30-50C), but is still
relatively stable towards auxiliary Aromatic epoxidation (e.g. naphthalene)
chemicals (e.g. cosolvents, detergents etc.) Alkane hydroxylation (e.g. n-hexane)
Epoxidation (e.g. styrene)
• Only waste product is water Ether cleavage (e.g. Tetrahydrofuran)
N-Oxidation (e.g. pyridine)
Sulfoxidation (e.g. dibenzothiophene)
Hofrichter (2010), Applied Microbiol. Halide oxidation (e.g bromide, Br-)
Biotechnology, 87
31. 8/19/2012 NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION ACS 2012 Schäfer
Conclusions:
• The sugar platform is ready for implementation
• ethanol will be deployed first
• biochemicals catching up…also from biomass
• Market pull for renewable chemicals
• ”Untraditional partnerships”
• combine agriculture, biology & chemistry and building new value chains
• new growth markets for grain processors, biotech companies, chemical
companies and consumer goods companies
32