Benteng Fort de Kock adalah benteng Belanda yang dibangun pada 1825 di Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat untuk mempertahankan diri dari serangan rakyat Minangkabau selama Perang Paderi. Benteng ini sekarang menjadi taman kota yang menampilkan meriam-meriam kuno dan terletak dekat Kebun Binatang Bukittinggi.
Tiga dokumen tersebut menggambarkan sejarah dan bangunan bersejarah di kota Muntok, Bangka Barat. Wisma Ranggam dibangun pada abad ke-19 sebagai tempat istirahat pegawai perusahaan timah Belanda, kemudian menjadi tempat pengasingan para pemimpin Indonesia pasca kemerdekaan. Museum Timah Muntok berlokasi di bekas kantor pusat perusahaan timah Belanda yang dibangun pada 1915, menyimpan artefak sejarah dan pro
Museum Linggajati adalah tempat diadakannya perundingan pertama antara Indonesia dan Belanda pada 1946. Bangunan ini awalnya adalah sebuah gubuk kemudian dirombak menjadi hotel dan markas tentara sebelum akhirnya dijadikan museum yang memperingati peristiwa historis tersebut.
Perang Padri dan Perang Aceh berlangsung karena pertentangan antara kaum adat dan kaum agama di Sumatera Barat serta perlawanan rakyat Aceh terhadap penjajahan Belanda. Konflik ini berujung pada kekalahan kaum Padri dan perlawanan Aceh setelah beberapa dasawarsa pertempuran melawan pasukan kolonial Belanda.
Dokumen ini memberikan penilaian bandar Kajang, Selangor dalam tiga aspek utama: alam sekitar, ekonomi, dan sosial. Kajang mendapat penilaian yang baik dalam reka bentuk bandar, sampah, kitar semula, pengangkutan, peluang perniagaan, pendidikan dan penjagaan kesihatan. Namun, kepelbagaian biologi, kawasan hijau dan kualiti udara menerima penilaian yang lebih rendah.
Dokumen tersebut membahas mengenai berbagai jenis rumah tradisional di Malaysia seperti rumah panjang, rumah teres, rumah papan, banglo, vila, kondominium, rumah rakit, dan rumah pangsa. Jenis-jenis rumah tersebut memiliki ciri khas masing-masing berdasarkan lokasi, budaya, dan fungsinya.
Tiga dokumen tersebut menggambarkan sejarah dan bangunan bersejarah di kota Muntok, Bangka Barat. Wisma Ranggam dibangun pada abad ke-19 sebagai tempat istirahat pegawai perusahaan timah Belanda, kemudian menjadi tempat pengasingan para pemimpin Indonesia pasca kemerdekaan. Museum Timah Muntok berlokasi di bekas kantor pusat perusahaan timah Belanda yang dibangun pada 1915, menyimpan artefak sejarah dan pro
Museum Linggajati adalah tempat diadakannya perundingan pertama antara Indonesia dan Belanda pada 1946. Bangunan ini awalnya adalah sebuah gubuk kemudian dirombak menjadi hotel dan markas tentara sebelum akhirnya dijadikan museum yang memperingati peristiwa historis tersebut.
Perang Padri dan Perang Aceh berlangsung karena pertentangan antara kaum adat dan kaum agama di Sumatera Barat serta perlawanan rakyat Aceh terhadap penjajahan Belanda. Konflik ini berujung pada kekalahan kaum Padri dan perlawanan Aceh setelah beberapa dasawarsa pertempuran melawan pasukan kolonial Belanda.
Dokumen ini memberikan penilaian bandar Kajang, Selangor dalam tiga aspek utama: alam sekitar, ekonomi, dan sosial. Kajang mendapat penilaian yang baik dalam reka bentuk bandar, sampah, kitar semula, pengangkutan, peluang perniagaan, pendidikan dan penjagaan kesihatan. Namun, kepelbagaian biologi, kawasan hijau dan kualiti udara menerima penilaian yang lebih rendah.
Dokumen tersebut membahas mengenai berbagai jenis rumah tradisional di Malaysia seperti rumah panjang, rumah teres, rumah papan, banglo, vila, kondominium, rumah rakit, dan rumah pangsa. Jenis-jenis rumah tersebut memiliki ciri khas masing-masing berdasarkan lokasi, budaya, dan fungsinya.
Dokumen tersebut menjelaskan contoh-contoh produk bioteknologi konvensional dan modern yang memanfaatkan mikroorganisme. Produk konvensional meliputi anggur, bir, roti, keju, yoghurt, dan lainnya yang melibatkan khamir dan bakteri asam laktat, sementara produk modern meliputi bibit tanaman, antibodi monoklonal, bayi tabung, dan lainnya yang melibatkan rekayasa genetika.
Give yourself the gift of new customers. Holiday spending and sales are going to be UP – so take action now to make the most of the months ahead & ROCK the Holidays!
You’ll learn:
-How to Create a Plan – with clear & measurable goals
-Select just right Offer for audiences
Select/create just the right lists (check it twice? you bet!)
-Ways to make your offer POP! — especially on mobile
-How to take it Social & make it Shareable
-Specific “how-tos” for every kind of campaign: deal, donation, downloads and more
We are surrounded by technology, and that technology has changed the ways that businesses and consumers interact. The changes permeate all aspects of business: running operations, designing and building products, overseeing human resources and education, tracking performance and making projections and strategies. More than those, however, marketing is one of the areas most impacted by the rise of technology in recent years. Taking advantage of that technology and the avenues it creates for engagement between brands and consumers is at the heart of digital marketing. Join us as we look forward at just a few of the trends in digital marketing that we believe small businesses should be paying attention to in the year to come. We’ll explore what the trends are and some simple ideas for jumping on and taking advantage of them. The trends we’ll discuss will be: Digital marketing – it can no longer be ignored Content marketing – it’s more important than ever Targeting + Segmentation = Personalization Mobile (experience and advertising) Beyond big data – make decisions
From revealing why regular email doesn’t work, to insider tips and techniques like automated list building tools and the design elements that work (and don’t!), this webinar will give you the keys to the most effective marketing you can do: email marketing. We will show you:
– What it really is (and isn’t)
– What it can do for your business
– And the five easy steps you must take to harness the power of the inbox!
– Grow a healthy list
– Create great content
– Customize a beautiful, mobile-friendly template that matches your brand
– How to get your emails opened
– Tracking your results
This presentation is a guide for small businesses or nonprofits who have been using social media marketing, but need some tips to take them to an intermediate level and/or add new channels to their marketing efforts. You’ve thought about what social networks to use for your business or nonprofit, and you’re ready to take the next step. Where do you go from there? This seminar will give you a closer look at the popular social media networks – Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, and Google+. We’ll show you the benefits of using each, how other organizations are marketing with them, and some dos and don’ts of each channel.
You’ll also get tips on how to tell if your social media activity is working.
This document discusses using online registration for events. It recommends promoting events 5-6 weeks in advance to give attendees time to plan. The registration form should be simple and only collect necessary information. Online registration allows collecting attendee data, payment, and growing an email list. Post-event, organizers should thank attendees, review data, collect feedback via survey, and use the information for future events.
Sales Velocity and Event Marketing-More Butts In Seats!We Coach The Pros
Promote Your Events: Simple Strategies for Better Event
Marketing (How to get more butts in seats!)
This presentation will provide a deeper look into the place that events hold as a marketing tool, provide some best practices around promoting the event and go in-depth into best practices for online registration for events. One important campaign type that many nonprofits and small businesses have used, but would
like to learn more about, revolves around Events. When you run
an event you want to make sure that you leave ample time for the
promotional activities that will drive your registrations, and you want to create and provide an optimal online registration
experience. If you have run events or are considering running events, and you’d like to build on your knowledge of these two important elements of running a successful event, this session is for you.
Ignored – or Engaging? How are your subject lines working – or NOT working – to capture the attention and interest of your audience? This fast-paced seminar will take a deeper dive into the mechanics of truly effective subject lines. We’ll cover:– The three keys that make or break your subject line (and how short your window really is.
The document provides an overview of social media marketing for small businesses. It discusses the top social networks for business use, including Facebook, LinkedIn, and Instagram. It recommends allocating 50% of social media posts to interesting/entertaining content, 30% to helpful information, and 20% to direct business promotion. The document also offers tips for getting started with social media marketing, such as creating Facebook pages, promoting the pages to customers, scheduling posts in advance, and repurposing other marketing content across networks.
This document provides an overview of email marketing best practices. It discusses why email marketing is effective, how to grow an engaged email list, how to create compelling content, designing mobile-friendly templates, optimizing email delivery, and tracking email campaign results. The key points covered are:
- Email is a powerful marketing channel because it is accessible, reliable, and has high engagement and return on investment.
- Growing an email list requires collecting subscriber information at multiple touchpoints and providing incentives for people to opt-in.
- Effective content is short, visual, answers questions for the reader, and is tailored for different subscriber segments.
- Templates should be consistent with a brand's look and feel across
The three documents discuss love and relationships. The first discusses a couple's feelings for each other despite difficulties. The second is about cherishing moments with a loved one. The third expresses a desire to be with a romantic partner and make their love last forever.
#PARDS 2FRIENDSARRY NAMEN NG PARDS KO NA SI Nicole Villarba HAHAHAHHAHA. ITO UNG TIPONG PINAG PUYATAN KO TLGA HALOS 3AM NA AKO MATULOG HABANG KA...PERO OK LANG YUN KASI PARA SAYO NAMAN ITONG GINAWA KO SANA MAGUSTUHGAN MO
1. Tujuan perusahaan meliputi tujuan primer untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen, tujuan kolateral pribadi dan sosial, serta tujuan sekunder untuk mencapai tujuan primer.
2. Merumuskan rencana pemasaran melibatkan penetapan tujuan perusahaan, target penjualan, anggaran pemasaran, alokasi marketing mix, dan penetapan harga.
3. Alokasi anggaran pemasaran perlu mempertimbangkan jumlah produk, produ
Perlawanan Bangsa Indonesia Terhadap Praktik KolonialNadhira Felicia
Dokumen tersebut membahas perlawanan bangsa Indonesia terhadap praktik kolonial sebelum abad ke-20. Bangsa Indonesia melakukan perlawanan melalui berbagai kerajaan seperti Ternate, Aceh, Demak, rakyat Maluku, kaum Padri, Kiras Bangun, Aceh, Palembang, Sisingamangaraja, dan Diponegoro.
Traces of the Spice Route in the Architecture and City of Banjarmasin in Sou...BaniNoorMuchamad2
The spice route is a highly valuable trade route, influencing human civilizations, particularly trade cities along this route from the XIII -XVIII AD.
Banjarmasin is one of the cities traversed by this spice route, with its primary
commodity being pepper. This research retraces the influence of this trade,
juxtaposing it with the formation of the city and the architectural character of
the buildings in Banjarmasin up to the present day.
This research employs historical qualitative methodology and is
located in the city of Banjarmasin, covering the period from the initiation of
the spice trade during the Banjarmasin sultanate era to the end of the colonial
period in Banjarmasin (1500–1900 AD). The research steps are secondary data
collection which serve as raw data for an in-depth study, primary data
collection conducted to confirm the previously gathered secondary data, data
analysis and interpretation which organized according to the historical context
and the environment of the city of Banjarmasin in chronological order until a
common thread is obtained. Subsequently, Findings and Compiling research
conclusions which the results of the analysis are discussed in relation to
various theories or concepts to derive interpretations from the research.
It concludes that the spice route played a crucial role in the formation
of Banjarmasin, consisting of three stages: the stage where Kampung Keraton
evolved into the center of the Banjarmasin sultanate, the stage of the
establishment of territorial arrangements due to the spice trade contract
between the kingdom and the Dutch East India Company, and the stage of
territorial control by the colonial government. The development of local
architecture varied, influenced by the knowledge acquired by merchants before
colonization, which was applied to their residences, and modern architecture
built by the colonial government in the form of various facilities and
infrastructure.
Perlawanan rakyat Aceh melawan penjajahan Belanda dipimpin oleh Teuku Umar dan Cut Nyak Dien dengan menggunakan taktik gerilya. Perlawanan Pangeran Diponegoro melawan Belanda juga menggunakan taktik serupa karena merasa tidak puas dengan perlakuan Belanda terhadap raja-raja di Jawa. Perlawanan Pattimura melawan penjajahan Belanda di Maluku dipicu oleh perlakuan kejam Belanda terhadap rakyat setempat.
Dokumen tersebut menjelaskan contoh-contoh produk bioteknologi konvensional dan modern yang memanfaatkan mikroorganisme. Produk konvensional meliputi anggur, bir, roti, keju, yoghurt, dan lainnya yang melibatkan khamir dan bakteri asam laktat, sementara produk modern meliputi bibit tanaman, antibodi monoklonal, bayi tabung, dan lainnya yang melibatkan rekayasa genetika.
Give yourself the gift of new customers. Holiday spending and sales are going to be UP – so take action now to make the most of the months ahead & ROCK the Holidays!
You’ll learn:
-How to Create a Plan – with clear & measurable goals
-Select just right Offer for audiences
Select/create just the right lists (check it twice? you bet!)
-Ways to make your offer POP! — especially on mobile
-How to take it Social & make it Shareable
-Specific “how-tos” for every kind of campaign: deal, donation, downloads and more
We are surrounded by technology, and that technology has changed the ways that businesses and consumers interact. The changes permeate all aspects of business: running operations, designing and building products, overseeing human resources and education, tracking performance and making projections and strategies. More than those, however, marketing is one of the areas most impacted by the rise of technology in recent years. Taking advantage of that technology and the avenues it creates for engagement between brands and consumers is at the heart of digital marketing. Join us as we look forward at just a few of the trends in digital marketing that we believe small businesses should be paying attention to in the year to come. We’ll explore what the trends are and some simple ideas for jumping on and taking advantage of them. The trends we’ll discuss will be: Digital marketing – it can no longer be ignored Content marketing – it’s more important than ever Targeting + Segmentation = Personalization Mobile (experience and advertising) Beyond big data – make decisions
From revealing why regular email doesn’t work, to insider tips and techniques like automated list building tools and the design elements that work (and don’t!), this webinar will give you the keys to the most effective marketing you can do: email marketing. We will show you:
– What it really is (and isn’t)
– What it can do for your business
– And the five easy steps you must take to harness the power of the inbox!
– Grow a healthy list
– Create great content
– Customize a beautiful, mobile-friendly template that matches your brand
– How to get your emails opened
– Tracking your results
This presentation is a guide for small businesses or nonprofits who have been using social media marketing, but need some tips to take them to an intermediate level and/or add new channels to their marketing efforts. You’ve thought about what social networks to use for your business or nonprofit, and you’re ready to take the next step. Where do you go from there? This seminar will give you a closer look at the popular social media networks – Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, and Google+. We’ll show you the benefits of using each, how other organizations are marketing with them, and some dos and don’ts of each channel.
You’ll also get tips on how to tell if your social media activity is working.
This document discusses using online registration for events. It recommends promoting events 5-6 weeks in advance to give attendees time to plan. The registration form should be simple and only collect necessary information. Online registration allows collecting attendee data, payment, and growing an email list. Post-event, organizers should thank attendees, review data, collect feedback via survey, and use the information for future events.
Sales Velocity and Event Marketing-More Butts In Seats!We Coach The Pros
Promote Your Events: Simple Strategies for Better Event
Marketing (How to get more butts in seats!)
This presentation will provide a deeper look into the place that events hold as a marketing tool, provide some best practices around promoting the event and go in-depth into best practices for online registration for events. One important campaign type that many nonprofits and small businesses have used, but would
like to learn more about, revolves around Events. When you run
an event you want to make sure that you leave ample time for the
promotional activities that will drive your registrations, and you want to create and provide an optimal online registration
experience. If you have run events or are considering running events, and you’d like to build on your knowledge of these two important elements of running a successful event, this session is for you.
Ignored – or Engaging? How are your subject lines working – or NOT working – to capture the attention and interest of your audience? This fast-paced seminar will take a deeper dive into the mechanics of truly effective subject lines. We’ll cover:– The three keys that make or break your subject line (and how short your window really is.
The document provides an overview of social media marketing for small businesses. It discusses the top social networks for business use, including Facebook, LinkedIn, and Instagram. It recommends allocating 50% of social media posts to interesting/entertaining content, 30% to helpful information, and 20% to direct business promotion. The document also offers tips for getting started with social media marketing, such as creating Facebook pages, promoting the pages to customers, scheduling posts in advance, and repurposing other marketing content across networks.
This document provides an overview of email marketing best practices. It discusses why email marketing is effective, how to grow an engaged email list, how to create compelling content, designing mobile-friendly templates, optimizing email delivery, and tracking email campaign results. The key points covered are:
- Email is a powerful marketing channel because it is accessible, reliable, and has high engagement and return on investment.
- Growing an email list requires collecting subscriber information at multiple touchpoints and providing incentives for people to opt-in.
- Effective content is short, visual, answers questions for the reader, and is tailored for different subscriber segments.
- Templates should be consistent with a brand's look and feel across
The three documents discuss love and relationships. The first discusses a couple's feelings for each other despite difficulties. The second is about cherishing moments with a loved one. The third expresses a desire to be with a romantic partner and make their love last forever.
#PARDS 2FRIENDSARRY NAMEN NG PARDS KO NA SI Nicole Villarba HAHAHAHHAHA. ITO UNG TIPONG PINAG PUYATAN KO TLGA HALOS 3AM NA AKO MATULOG HABANG KA...PERO OK LANG YUN KASI PARA SAYO NAMAN ITONG GINAWA KO SANA MAGUSTUHGAN MO
1. Tujuan perusahaan meliputi tujuan primer untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen, tujuan kolateral pribadi dan sosial, serta tujuan sekunder untuk mencapai tujuan primer.
2. Merumuskan rencana pemasaran melibatkan penetapan tujuan perusahaan, target penjualan, anggaran pemasaran, alokasi marketing mix, dan penetapan harga.
3. Alokasi anggaran pemasaran perlu mempertimbangkan jumlah produk, produ
Perlawanan Bangsa Indonesia Terhadap Praktik KolonialNadhira Felicia
Dokumen tersebut membahas perlawanan bangsa Indonesia terhadap praktik kolonial sebelum abad ke-20. Bangsa Indonesia melakukan perlawanan melalui berbagai kerajaan seperti Ternate, Aceh, Demak, rakyat Maluku, kaum Padri, Kiras Bangun, Aceh, Palembang, Sisingamangaraja, dan Diponegoro.
Traces of the Spice Route in the Architecture and City of Banjarmasin in Sou...BaniNoorMuchamad2
The spice route is a highly valuable trade route, influencing human civilizations, particularly trade cities along this route from the XIII -XVIII AD.
Banjarmasin is one of the cities traversed by this spice route, with its primary
commodity being pepper. This research retraces the influence of this trade,
juxtaposing it with the formation of the city and the architectural character of
the buildings in Banjarmasin up to the present day.
This research employs historical qualitative methodology and is
located in the city of Banjarmasin, covering the period from the initiation of
the spice trade during the Banjarmasin sultanate era to the end of the colonial
period in Banjarmasin (1500–1900 AD). The research steps are secondary data
collection which serve as raw data for an in-depth study, primary data
collection conducted to confirm the previously gathered secondary data, data
analysis and interpretation which organized according to the historical context
and the environment of the city of Banjarmasin in chronological order until a
common thread is obtained. Subsequently, Findings and Compiling research
conclusions which the results of the analysis are discussed in relation to
various theories or concepts to derive interpretations from the research.
It concludes that the spice route played a crucial role in the formation
of Banjarmasin, consisting of three stages: the stage where Kampung Keraton
evolved into the center of the Banjarmasin sultanate, the stage of the
establishment of territorial arrangements due to the spice trade contract
between the kingdom and the Dutch East India Company, and the stage of
territorial control by the colonial government. The development of local
architecture varied, influenced by the knowledge acquired by merchants before
colonization, which was applied to their residences, and modern architecture
built by the colonial government in the form of various facilities and
infrastructure.
Perlawanan rakyat Aceh melawan penjajahan Belanda dipimpin oleh Teuku Umar dan Cut Nyak Dien dengan menggunakan taktik gerilya. Perlawanan Pangeran Diponegoro melawan Belanda juga menggunakan taktik serupa karena merasa tidak puas dengan perlakuan Belanda terhadap raja-raja di Jawa. Perlawanan Pattimura melawan penjajahan Belanda di Maluku dipicu oleh perlakuan kejam Belanda terhadap rakyat setempat.
Dinar terlambat ke kampus karena motorcycle-nya terhalang motor lain. Ia mencoba pindahkan motor yang menghalangi dengan bantuan temannya, Adel, akhirnya ia bisa berangkat ke kampus.
Cristiano Ronaldo adalah pemain sepak bola asal Portugal yang lahir tahun 1985. Ia bermain untuk Real Madrid dan timnas Portugal sebagai penyerang sayap kanan. Ronaldo memiliki kemampuan mengolah bola dan mencetak gol yang luar biasa.
The document contains a list of 14 names. It includes names such as Maufiq Chalimatul Latifah, Najla Zulfi Zakkiyah, Muhammad David Adi Ariyanto, Sri Ndaru Ning Sih, and Sarmayati. The list also includes duplicate names like Joko Porwanto and Maryani.
Periyanto mengundurkan diri dari jabatannya sebagai karyawan di PT. Globalindo intimates mulai tanggal 12 Januari 2015. Dalam surat pengunduran dirinya, ia mengucapkan terima kasih atas kesempatan kerja dan pengalaman yang didapat selama bekerja di perusahaan tersebut.
Dokumen tersebut membahas masalah intimidasi di sekolah di Indonesia yang telah menyebabkan banyak korban. Beberapa kasus yang diuraikan adalah siswa yang berhenti sekolah karena diejek latar belakang keluarganya, siswa yang menjadi depresi karena terus-menerus diintimidasi, dan siswa yang dilarikan ke rumah sakit akibat pemukulan. Survei menunjukkan lebih dari setengah kasus intimidasi tidak dilaporkan karena di
This document provides a summary of a legend from Sumatra, Indonesia about the origin of Lake Toba. It begins by introducing the legend and its main characters - a man living in Sumatra who catches a magical golden fish that transforms into a beautiful princess. They marry but he breaks his promise not to reveal her secret, angering her and causing a huge flood. The flood forms Lake Toba and the characters are transformed - the princess into a fish and the man into an island. The document then analyzes the legend based on its narrative structure of orientation, complication, and resolution.
Cerpen ini menceritakan kenangan sang penulis ketika masih kecil tentang ayahnya yang selalu menjemputnya sekolah. Suatu hari ayahnya menjemput tanpa kumis lebatnya sehingga sang penulis tidak mengenalinya dan merasa bingung. Setelah mengingat kembali, barulah sang penulis menyadari bahwa orang itu adalah ayahnya sendiri.
Teks tersebut membahas pengaruh budaya asing yang masuk ke Indonesia, khususnya budaya barat melalui media televisi. Teks menyarankan agar masyarakat Indonesia dapat memilah budaya mana yang sesuai dengan agama dan budaya timur serta tidak terpengaruh sepenuhnya oleh budaya asing. Teks juga mencontohkan pengaruh buruk budaya barat terhadap cara berpakaian remaja putri Indonesia.
1. Benteng Fort de Kock
Fort de Kock adalah benteng peninggalan Belanda yang berdiri di Kota
Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia.
Benteng ini didirikan oleh Kapten Bouer pada tahun 1825 pada masa Baron
Hendrik Merkus de Kock sewaktu menjadi komandan Der Troepen dan Wakil
Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda, karena itulah benteng ini terkenal dengan
nama Benteng Fort De Kock. Benteng yang terletak di atas Bukit Jirek ini
digunakan oleh Tentara Belanda sebagai kubu pertahanan dari gempuran rakyat
Minangkabau terutama sejak meletusnya Perang Paderi pada tahun 1821-1837.
Di sekitar benteng masih terdapat meriam-meriam kuno periode abad ke 19.
Pada tahun-tahun selanjutnya, di sekitar benteng ini tumbuh sebuah kota yang
juga bernama Fort de Kock, kini Bukittinggi.
Sejarah Pendirian
Benteng Fort de Kock digunakan oleh Tentara Belanda sebagai kubu pertahanan
dari gempuran rakyat Minangkabau terutama sejak meletusnya Perang Paderi
pada tahun 1821-1837 .Semasa pemerintahan Belanda, Bukittinggi dijadikan
sebagai salah satu pusat pemerintahan, kota ini disebut sebagai Gemetelyk
Resort pada tahun 1828. Sejak tahun 1825 pemerintah Kolonial Belanda telah
mendirikan sebuah benteng di kota ini sebagai tempat pertahanan, yang hingga
kini para wisatawan dapat melihat langsung benteng tersebut yaitu Fort de
Kock. Selain itu, kota ini tak hanya dijadikan sebagai pusat pemerintahan dan
tempat pertahanan bagi pemerintah kolonial Belanda, namun juga dijadikan
sebagai tempat peristirahatan para opsir Belanda yang berada di wilayah
jajahannya.
2. Fort de Kock juga dibangun sebagai lambang bahwa Kolonial Belanda telah
berhasil menduduki daerah di Sumatera Barat. Benteng tersebut merupakan
tanda penjajahan dan perluasan kekuasaan Belanda terhadap wilayah
Bukittinggi, Agam, dan Pasaman. Belanda memang cerdik untuk menduduki
Sumatera Barat, mereka memanfaatkan konflik intern saat itu, yaitu konflik
yang terjadi antara kelompok adat dan kelompok agama. Bahkan Belanda
sendiri ikut membantu kelompok adat, guna menekan kelompok agama selama
Perang Paderi yang berlangsung 1821 hingga tahun 1837.
Belanda yang membantu kaum adat melahirkan sebuah kesepakatan bahwa
Belanda diperbolehkan membangun basis pertahan militer yang dibangun
Kaptain Bauer di puncak Bukit Jirek Hill, yang kemudian diberi nama Fort de
Kock.
Setelah membangun di Bukit Jirek, Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda pun
melanjutkan rencananyamengambil alih beberapa bukit lagi seperti Bukit
Sarang Gagak, Bukit Tambun Tulang, Bukit Cubadak Bungkuak, dan Bukit
Malambung. Di daerah tersebut juga dibangun gedung perkantoran, rumah
dinas pemerintah, kompleks pemakaman, pasar, sarana transportasi, sekolah
juga tempat rekreasi. Pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintahan Kolonial
Belanda tersebut dalam istilah Minangkabau dikenal dengan “tajua nagari ka
Bulando” yang berarti Terjual negeri pada Belanda. Di masa itu memang,
Kolonial Belanda menguasai 75 persen wilayah dari lima desa yang dijadikan
pusat perdagangan.
Keadaan sekarang
Sejak direnovasi pada tahun 2002 lalu oleh pemerintah daerah, Fort de Kock,
kawasan benteng Fort de Kock kini berubah menjadi Taman Kota Bukittinggi
(Bukittinggi City Park) dan Taman Burung Tropis (Tropical Bird Park). Hingga
saat ini, Benteng Fort de Kock masih ada sebagai bangunan bercat putih-hijau
setinggi 20 m. Benteng Fort de Kock dilengkapi dengan meriam kecil di
keempat sudutnya. Kawasan sekitar benteng sudah dipugar oleh pemerintah
daerah menjadi sebuah taman dengan banyak pepohonan rindang dan mainan
anak-anak.
3. Benteng ini berada di lokasi yang sama dengan Kebun Binatang Bukittinggi dan
Museum Rumah Adat Baanjuang. Kawasan benteng terletak di bukit sebelah
kiri pintu masuk sedangkan kawasan kebun binatang dan museum berbentuk
rumah gadang tersebut berada di bukit sebelah kanan. Keduanya dihubungkan
oleh Jembatan Limpapeh yang di bawahnya adalah jalan raya dalam kota
Bukittinggi. Kawasan ini hanya terletak 1 km dari pusat kota Bukittinggi di
kawasan Jam Gadang, tepatnya di terusan jalan Tuanku nan Renceh.
Benteng ini adalah satu dari 2 benteng belanda yang ada di sumatera barat ,
yang satu lagi terletak di Batusangkar dengan nama benteng Fort Van der
Capellen karena 2 kota inilah dahulu yang paling susah ditaklukan belanda saat
Perang Paderi.
4. Benteng Fort de Kock
Fort de Kock is a Dutch fort which stands in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra,
Indonesia.
The fort was founded by Captain Bouer in 1825 at the time of Baron Hendrik
Merkus de Kock as the commander of Der Troepen and Deputy Governor
General of the Dutch East Indies, that's why this fortress known as the Fort Fort
de Kock. The fortress is situated on the Mount Jirek is used by the Dutch Army
as a stronghold of the onslaught of the Minangkabau people, especially since
the outbreak of the Padri War in 1821-1837. Around the castle there are ancient
cannons 19th century period subsequent years, around this fort grow a city that
is also named Fort de Kock, now Bukittinggi.
History of Establishment
Fort de Kock is used by the Dutch Army as a stronghold of the onslaught of the
Minangkabau people, especially since the outbreak of the Padri War in 1821-
1837 .At the time of Dutch rule, Bukittinggi be used as an administrative
center, the city is referred to as Gemetelyk Resort in 1828. Since in 1825 the
Dutch colonial government had established a fort in this city as a place of
defense, which until now the tourists can see directly the fortress is Fort de
Kock. In addition, the city is not only used as a center of government and
defense for the Dutch colonial government, but also serve as the resting place
of the Dutch officers who were in the colonies.
5. Fort de Kock was also built as a symbol that the Dutch Colonial has managed to
occupy the area in West Sumatra. The fort was a sign of colonization and
expansion of Dutch rule against Bukittinggi region, Agam, and Pasaman. Dutch
is clever to occupy the West Sumatra, they take advantage of the current
internal conflict, namely the conflict between indigenous groups and religious
groups. Even the Netherlands itself helped indigenous groups, in order to
suppress religious groups during the Padri War which lasted until 1837 1821.
Dutch who helped the indigenous spawned an agreement that the Dutch are
allowed to build a military defense base built on top of the Mount Kaptain
Bauer Jirek Hill, later named Fort de Kock.
After building in Bukit Jirek, the Dutch colonial government continued over
several hills rencananyamengambil again as Crow's Nest Hill, Bukit Tambun
Tulang, Bungkuak Cubadak Hill, and Hill Malambung. The area is also built
office buildings, houses government offices, cemetery, markets,
transportation, school is also a place of recreation. Development undertaken
by the Dutch colonial government in terms of Minangkabau known as "villages
tajua Bulando ka" meaning Sold land in the Netherlands. At that time indeed,
the Dutch colonial control 75 percent of the territory of the five villages that
used as a trading center.
Current Conditions
Since last renovated in 2002 by the local government, Fort de Kock, Fort de
Kock fort area now turned into a park Bukittinggi (Bukittinggi City Park) and
Bird Park Tropical (Tropical Bird Park). Until now, Fort de Kock is still there as a
green-white-painted buildings as high as 20 m. Fort de Kock is equipped with a
small cannon in the four corners. The area around the fort has been restored
by the local government into a garden with lots of shady trees and children's
toys.
The fort is located in the same location as the Dublin Zoo and the Museum of
6. Traditional House Baanjuang. Regions hill fort situated on the left of the
entrance, while the zoo and museum area in the form of the longhouse is
located on the right side of the hill. Both are connected by a bridge Limpapeh
under which is a highway in the town of Bukittinggi. This area is located just 1
km from Dublin city center in the Clock Tower area, precisely in the canal road
Tuanku Nan Renceh.
This fort is one of the two Dutch fort in western Sumatra, the other one is
located in Batusanggkar fort named Fort Van der Capellen because this is the
second city of the most difficult first Dutch conquered Padri War.
7. Traditional House Baanjuang. Regions hill fort situated on the left of the
entrance, while the zoo and museum area in the form of the longhouse is
located on the right side of the hill. Both are connected by a bridge Limpapeh
under which is a highway in the town of Bukittinggi. This area is located just 1
km from Dublin city center in the Clock Tower area, precisely in the canal road
Tuanku Nan Renceh.
This fort is one of the two Dutch fort in western Sumatra, the other one is
located in Batusanggkar fort named Fort Van der Capellen because this is the
second city of the most difficult first Dutch conquered Padri War.