Beneficial insects (telugu)
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Farmers friendly insects and their food habits
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Sorghum fodder
Sorghum is a drought-resistant crop native to Africa that is cultivated worldwide, especially in Asia and Africa. It can be grown for grain, fiber, or fodder. As a fodder crop, it is high-yielding and nutritious, though it contains some anti-nutritional factors like tannins and dhurrin. It is best sown in spring or summer as a rain-fed or irrigated crop using improved varieties. Proper agronomic practices like soil preparation, seed treatment, fertilizer application, and pest and disease management can optimize fodder sorghum production. Harvesting as silage helps preserve the nutritive value of the fodder for extended animal
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Mass production technology of helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) an agricultural pest has been recorded to feed on more than 180 cultivated and wild plant species. The cotton bollworm is a threat to intensive agriculture. Its economic importance as a pest is exaggerated due to its direct violence on fruiting construction, voracious feeding habit, high mobility and fecundity, as well as adaptable in nature. Annual losses due to this pest worldwide are estimated in billions of dollars. Helicoverpa armigera is a serious polyphagous plant pest-made invasion all over the world and now still occupying many continents. It is the only highly serious quarantine agricultural pest for several countries. Helicoverpa armigera. Polyphagous pest The young larva feeds on tender leaves, buds, flowers. Bores into the pods and feeds on the seeds. A single larva may destroy 30-40 pods before it reaches maturity.
Commercial bee keeping
Commercial beekeeping involves rearing honey bees to collect honey and other hive products like beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly. It is important for pollinating about 1/3 of global food crops. European honey bees are commonly used as they are easy to handle and produce large amounts of honey. Beekeeping includes maintaining hives, providing bees with sugar syrup when flowers are scarce, inspecting hives to monitor the queen and activity, and collecting hive products once honey is packed into frames. Protective beekeeping suits and regular maintenance are needed to safely practice apiculture.
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This document summarizes information about non-insect pests birds that damage agricultural crops in India. It discusses major bird species like crows, parrots, house sparrows, blue rock pigeons, and yellow throated sparrows that affect crops like wheat, maize, jowar, bajra, fruits, and vegetables. For each problematic bird species, it describes their distribution, life cycle, damage caused, and management methods. Common management approaches mentioned include trapping, poisoning, use of scaring devices that produce loud sounds, and covering crops with nets.
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This document discusses the major pests that affect sorghum, finger millet, and pearl millet crops. For sorghum, key pests include shoot fly, stem borers, defoliators like slug caterpillars, and earhead feeders such as earhead bugs and midges. For finger millet, pink stem borer, white borer, cutworms, and root feeders cause damage. Pearl millet is impacted by shoot fly, stem borers, grain midge, and stink bugs. Management of these pests involves cultural practices as well as chemical controls like carbaryl and imidacloprid applications.
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This document provides information about whiteflies, specifically the sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). It discusses the biology and lifecycle of whiteflies, including that females lay eggs on undersides of leaves and nymphs feed on plant phloem and excrete honeydew. Heavy whitefly infestations can cause damage through sap loss and sooty mold buildup. It also describes whiteflies' role in transmitting viruses like tomato yellow leaf curl virus to tomato plants. The document outlines both cultural and chemical management methods for whiteflies, including using tolerant varieties, removing infected plants, applying systemic insecticides, and conserving natural enemies.
Mass production technology of helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) an agricultural pest has been recorded to feed on more than 180 cultivated and wild plant species. The cotton bollworm is a threat to intensive agriculture. Its economic importance as a pest is exaggerated due to its direct violence on fruiting construction, voracious feeding habit, high mobility and fecundity, as well as adaptable in nature. Annual losses due to this pest worldwide are estimated in billions of dollars. Helicoverpa armigera is a serious polyphagous plant pest-made invasion all over the world and now still occupying many continents. It is the only highly serious quarantine agricultural pest for several countries. Helicoverpa armigera. Polyphagous pest The young larva feeds on tender leaves, buds, flowers. Bores into the pods and feeds on the seeds. A single larva may destroy 30-40 pods before it reaches maturity.
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The use of traps and other advanced technologies as presented here, causes less damage to the commodity and will often provide the first evidence of an infestation that has developed between store inspections.
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Insect monitoring and forecasting
- Insect life tables are used to track stage-specific mortality in insect populations. They show the number surviving and dying at each life stage.
- Insect monitoring involves regular surveillance of insect populations, damage, and movement to assess pest levels and predict problems. Various monitoring techniques are used including visual counts, traps, and nets.
- Insect forecasting makes predictions about future pest outbreaks and suitable control times based on past and present monitoring data, especially weather impacts on pests. Both short and long-term forecasts are used.
Trichogramma
Parasitoid wasps of genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) includes several species that are frequently used as biological control agents worldwide.
Trichogramma spp. are egg parasitoids which lay their eggs inside the eggs of insect pests.
Host of this parasitoid are the eggs of Sugarcane borers, Cut worms (Agrotis spp.), Cotton bollworms and Maize stem borer(Chilo pertellus).
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This document discusses the components of organic farming and manure application. It outlines various organic manures like farm yard manure, compost, and green manuring that supply nutrients and organic matter to soils. It also discusses crop rotation, biopesticides, biofertilizers, and weed management techniques in organic farming. For manure application, it describes broadcasting, banding, and injection methods for placing manure in fields in ways that reduce weeds and pathogens.
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Scientist (Plant Pathology)
All India coordinated Research Project on Maize
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ipm in rice constitute how to manage the pest attack in crop by applying some IPM tools which suppress the labor cost and increase the economic value.
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The document describes procedures for mass producing two natural enemies - Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Chrysoperla carnea. It details the process for rearing their host, the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica, on sterilized sorghum grains. Larvae of C. carnea are then reared on irradiated C. cephalonica eggs in individual containers to avoid cannibalism. Adults are provided with pollen and a honey-yeast-protein solution. Eggs are collected daily. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Chrysoperla carnea produced using these methods can be released against various agricultural pests.
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This document provides an overview of sorghum cultivation practices. It discusses the taxonomy, botany, economic importance, distribution, varieties, growth stages, nutrient management, irrigation, weed management, and harvesting of sorghum. Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide and is used for food, fodder, and production of alcoholic beverages. It is tolerant of drought and heat and is well suited to dry, hot climates. Proper soil preparation, fertilizer application, irrigation, and weed control are required to maximize sorghum yields.
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This document discusses insect pests that attack wheat crops, including the pink borer and white ant termite. It provides details on the life cycle and damage caused by the pink borer, which has multiple generations per year and whose caterpillars bore into wheat stems. For the white ant termite, it describes the species, including that it forms mounds and feeds on wheat roots and stems below soil. Control methods mentioned include cultural techniques like removing crop residues and deep plowing, as well as applying chemical insecticides.
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Detection Techniques of Insect Populations in Stored Grains
It is very important to detect low-level infestations of storage pests if control measures are to be implemented in sufficient time to prevent losses.
The use of traps and other advanced technologies as presented here, causes less damage to the commodity and will often provide the first evidence of an infestation that has developed between store inspections.
Storage Entomology
Post-Harvest Entomology or Storage Entomology is concerned mainly with the post-harvest management of food grains in many countries.
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This document discusses several major lepidopteran pests of stored foods, including the Angoumois grain moth, Indian meal moth, Rice moth, Potato tuber moth, and Mediterranean flour moth. It provides details on the distribution, host range, biology, life cycle, nature of damage, and identification of each pest. The key information it conveys is that moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) represent a major group of economically important post-harvest insect pests that can infest grains, meals, nuts, dried fruits and other stored foods.
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This document provides information about maize production technology. It discusses the origin and history of maize, its introduction and uses. It describes optimal soil and climate conditions for growth, and details seedbed preparation, sowing methods, fertilizer application, irrigation needs, and pest and disease management. Harvesting and storage methods are also outlined. The document aims to provide a comprehensive overview of maize cultivation practices.
Cowpea
This presentation is done by 2010/2011 batch of Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Rice & Field Crop Production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Cowpea presentation
Cowpea, also known as lobia or black-eyed pea, is an annual herbaceous legume crop that is drought tolerant and rich in protein. It originated in Africa but is now grown in many parts of the world, including India where the major producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. Cowpea fixes atmospheric nitrogen through root nodules and requires warm temperatures between 25-30°C and well-drained sandy to clay loam soils to thrive. Popular recommended varieties include Arka Garima, Pusa Su komal, Kashi Unnati, and Kashi Kanchan.
Bhendi shoot and fruit borer
Bhendi shoot and fruit borer, which is highly destructive to the bhendi crops, damaging most of the economic part of the crops,yield of crop will reduce and fruit become unsuitable for the consumption .
Intercultural Equipments
This document discusses various types of agricultural equipment used for intercultural operations between sowing and harvesting. It describes cultivators, which can be disc, rotary, or tine cultivators and are used for seedbed preparation and sowing. Other intercultural equipment discussed include hoes, sweepers, junior hoes, duck foot cultivators, wheel hoes, star/peg weeders, and cono weeders. The document provides details on the components, operation, and uses of these various types of intercultural agricultural machinery.
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This document provides information and guidelines for sorghum seed production. It discusses selecting land with good drainage for production. Isolation distances should be maintained to avoid contamination from other varieties. Seeds should be treated and stored properly. The optimal seasons for production are June-July and October-November. Quality seeds above 2000kg/ha can be harvested if proper procedures are followed at each growth stage from land preparation to post-harvest processing. Seed certification ensures the genetic, physical and health quality standards are met.
Submitted by- HITUL AWASTHI Types of Spray Nozzles
This document discusses different types of spray nozzles used for pesticide application. It describes the key components of spray lances including cut-off valves, extension rods, and nozzles. It then explains the functions of different types of nozzles like hollow cone, flat fan, and floodjet nozzles and factors to consider when selecting a nozzle like application rate, pressure, and minimizing drift. Adjustable, single swivel, double swivel, and double fixed nozzles are also outlined. Finally, spray booms and spray guns used for different crop types are briefly described.
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This document discusses beneficial insects and their functions. It lists several beneficial insect species, including weaver ants, green lacewings, ladybugs, and honey bees. It then describes how beneficial insects help control other insect populations through predation and parasitism. Additionally, it explains how they contribute to nutrient cycling by decomposing dead plant and animal matter. Many beneficial insects also play important roles in plant pollination, weed management, and producing commercial products like honey, silk, shellac and dyes.
Insect monitoring and forecasting
- Insect life tables are used to track stage-specific mortality in insect populations. They show the number surviving and dying at each life stage.
- Insect monitoring involves regular surveillance of insect populations, damage, and movement to assess pest levels and predict problems. Various monitoring techniques are used including visual counts, traps, and nets.
- Insect forecasting makes predictions about future pest outbreaks and suitable control times based on past and present monitoring data, especially weather impacts on pests. Both short and long-term forecasts are used.
Trichogramma
Parasitoid wasps of genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) includes several species that are frequently used as biological control agents worldwide.
Trichogramma spp. are egg parasitoids which lay their eggs inside the eggs of insect pests.
Host of this parasitoid are the eggs of Sugarcane borers, Cut worms (Agrotis spp.), Cotton bollworms and Maize stem borer(Chilo pertellus).
Components of organic farm & manure application
This document discusses the components of organic farming and manure application. It outlines various organic manures like farm yard manure, compost, and green manuring that supply nutrients and organic matter to soils. It also discusses crop rotation, biopesticides, biofertilizers, and weed management techniques in organic farming. For manure application, it describes broadcasting, banding, and injection methods for placing manure in fields in ways that reduce weeds and pathogens.
fall army worm ppt bharath
P.Bharat Chandra
Scientist (Plant Pathology)
All India coordinated Research Project on Maize
Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University
IPM in rice
ipm in rice constitute how to manage the pest attack in crop by applying some IPM tools which suppress the labor cost and increase the economic value.
Mass producation of cryptolaemas and green lace wing
The document describes procedures for mass producing two natural enemies - Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Chrysoperla carnea. It details the process for rearing their host, the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica, on sterilized sorghum grains. Larvae of C. carnea are then reared on irradiated C. cephalonica eggs in individual containers to avoid cannibalism. Adults are provided with pollen and a honey-yeast-protein solution. Eggs are collected daily. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and Chrysoperla carnea produced using these methods can be released against various agricultural pests.
SORGHUM
This document provides an overview of sorghum cultivation practices. It discusses the taxonomy, botany, economic importance, distribution, varieties, growth stages, nutrient management, irrigation, weed management, and harvesting of sorghum. Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop worldwide and is used for food, fodder, and production of alcoholic beverages. It is tolerant of drought and heat and is well suited to dry, hot climates. Proper soil preparation, fertilizer application, irrigation, and weed control are required to maximize sorghum yields.
Insect pests of wheat and their management
This document discusses insect pests that attack wheat crops, including the pink borer and white ant termite. It provides details on the life cycle and damage caused by the pink borer, which has multiple generations per year and whose caterpillars bore into wheat stems. For the white ant termite, it describes the species, including that it forms mounds and feeds on wheat roots and stems below soil. Control methods mentioned include cultural techniques like removing crop residues and deep plowing, as well as applying chemical insecticides.
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Detection Techniques of Insect Populations in Stored Grains
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Mass producation of cryptolaemas and green lace wing
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Beneficial insects (telugu)
- 2. అక్షింత్ల పురుగు (Ladybugs) ఆహారపు అలవాట్లు : త్ల్లి , పిలి పురుగులు అన్ని రకాల పురుగులను కొరికి తింటాయి పురుగుల అదుపు : పేనుబింక, తెలిదోమ
- 4. అల్లిక రెకకల పురుగు (Lacewings/Chrysopa) ఆహారపు అలవాట్లు త్ల్లి పురుగు పూల పుప్ప ొడష, తేనె తింటాయి, పిలి పురుగులు అన్ని రకాల పురుగులను రసింపీల్లి తింటాయి పురుగుల అదుపు పేనుబింక, తెలిదోమ, పచ్ిదోమ , తామరపురుగు, కాయతొలుచ్ు పురుగులు వాటి గుు డ్లి
- 6. ముసురు ఈగ (Hover Flies, aka flower flies or syrphid flies) ఆహారపు అలవాట్లు త్ల్లి ఈగలు పూల పుప్ప ొడష, తేనె తింటాయి. లారాాలు చీడ్పురుగులు తింటూ ఎదుగుతాయి పురుగుల అదుపు పేనుబింక, తామరపురుగు, చిని లారాాలు , పచ్ి పురుగు తింటాయి.
- 7. పేను బింకను తింటుని ముసురు ఈగ పిలి పురుగు
- 8. పైరేట్ నల్లి (pirate bugs) ఆహారపు అలవాట్లు త్ల్లి పురుగులు అన్ని పురుగులనుిండష రసిం పీల్లి జీవిస్ాా యి పురుగుల అదుపు పేనుబింక, పచ్ిదోమ, కాయతొలుచ్ు పురుగులు,గుడ్లి ,తామరపురుగు,తెలి దోమ
- 10. రెైత్ు మిత్ుర లు