The Beatnik movement originated in the late 1940s in New York among an underground, anti-conformist group of young people. The term "Beat Generation" was coined by author Jack Kerouac to describe this social circle. The adjective "beat" was introduced by Herbert Huncke and referred to the world of hustlers, drug addicts, and petty thieves that some members of the group like Allen Ginsberg were a part of. Beatnik music developed out of this movement and was innovative, creative music that drew from any genre and sometimes incorporated poetry, with pacifistic messages that protested wars and oppression. Key figures in the Beatnik music scene included writers Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsburg as