1) Tougher fines and potential imprisonment are coming for those who breach health and safety regulations under reforms to the regulations. Responsibility for health and safety cannot be contracted out and failures can result in criminal prosecution.
2) The definition of "designer" under the CDM regulations is very broad and could include those who make suggestions about design or materials, even inadvertently. This could result in taking on designer responsibilities and duties.
3) Under the new regulations, the role of the principal designer replaces the coordinator role and aims to better plan and manage the pre-construction phase, but designer responsibilities remain the same, such as eliminating health and safety risks in design.
O Objetivo do resumo da lição não é substituí-la, pelo contrário e dar mais amplitude ao estudo do tema.
A ideia e colocar os textos bíblicos diretos que respondam as questões da lição, somados aos escritos de Ellen White que dão luz sobre o assunto, eu procuro comentar o mínimo possível, só detalhes referentes as questões e algumas definições todas neste tom de azul, pois se os textos forem realmente claros, que é intenção, não há necessidade de ficar comentando, e a aplicação, como e mais extensa, procuro fazer na nossa classe.
“Sempre darei a fonte, para que o conteúdo não seja anônimo, e todos tenham a oportunidade de achar, pesquisar e questionar”.
Que... “Deus tenha misericórdia de nós e nos abençoe; e faça resplandecer o seu rosto sobre nós. Para que se conheça na terra o teu caminho, e em todas as nações a tua salvação”. Sal. 67:1-2.
Bom Estudo!
Girls are socialised to grow knowing that their role is taking care of the families. The homemaking role continues to override women career aspirations among the Kenyan women. With emerging trends in the last three decades in Kenya, more girls have continued to access higher education with most studies showing that they still fall under the social sciences. Very few women enrol and complete training in science and technology fields at higher education. This paper examines the role of career counsellors in informing career decision-making process for girls to empower them to aspire fields in science fields, a Kenyan perspective.
O Objetivo do resumo da lição não é substituí-la, pelo contrário e dar mais amplitude ao estudo do tema.
A ideia e colocar os textos bíblicos diretos que respondam as questões da lição, somados aos escritos de Ellen White que dão luz sobre o assunto, eu procuro comentar o mínimo possível, só detalhes referentes as questões e algumas definições todas neste tom de azul, pois se os textos forem realmente claros, que é intenção, não há necessidade de ficar comentando, e a aplicação, como e mais extensa, procuro fazer na nossa classe.
“Sempre darei a fonte, para que o conteúdo não seja anônimo, e todos tenham a oportunidade de achar, pesquisar e questionar”.
Que... “Deus tenha misericórdia de nós e nos abençoe; e faça resplandecer o seu rosto sobre nós. Para que se conheça na terra o teu caminho, e em todas as nações a tua salvação”. Sal. 67:1-2.
Bom Estudo!
Girls are socialised to grow knowing that their role is taking care of the families. The homemaking role continues to override women career aspirations among the Kenyan women. With emerging trends in the last three decades in Kenya, more girls have continued to access higher education with most studies showing that they still fall under the social sciences. Very few women enrol and complete training in science and technology fields at higher education. This paper examines the role of career counsellors in informing career decision-making process for girls to empower them to aspire fields in science fields, a Kenyan perspective.
VRK:n päätös Järkeä tekijänoikeuslakiin -kansalaisaloitteen tarkastuksestaJoonas Pekkanen
Väestörekisterikeskus hyväksyi 51 801 kannatusilmoitusta. Paperilla kerätyistä kannatusilmoituksista hylättiin 5,2 prosenttia eli 85 kappaletta. Niistä 40 hylättiin, koska sama henkilö oli kannattanut aloitetta kahdesti.
Cloud Computing a leading and getting widely adopted technology in industry, unveils some unprecedented challenges to security of company’s resources such as capital and knowledge based assets. Hither to no much attention has been paid by the governments and there is neither any universal standard adopted, nor any breakthrough to take up these challenges. Traditional contracts and licensing agreements may not provide adequate legal resources and remedies normally associated with the layers of protection for corporations. Intellectual Property, Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) and corporate governance issues have to be fully explored and practiced in domestic and international markets. So this paper discusses the need of establishment of Law and judicial framework of policies to the services embedding cloud computing technology, besides this it also addresses legal issues and existing policies adopted by different countries.
Cloud computing basically involves delivering hosted services over the Internet to store, manage, and process data, instead of using local server or a personal computer. These services are broadly divided into three categories: Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). In scientific terms, cloud computing is a synonym for distributed computing over a network which means the ability to run a program on many connected computers at the same time. Therefore it involves a large number of computers that are connected through a real-time communication network.
Counters are specialized registers and is considered as essential building blocks for a variety of circuit operations such as programmable frequency dividers, shifters, code generators, memory select management, and various arithmetic operations. Since many applications are comprised of these fundamental operations, much research focuses on efficient counter architecture design. This paper proposes an 8-bit high speed parallel counter architecture. The counter consists of two main sections- the counting section and the state Anticipation Module.The total equivalent gate count for our proposed counter is 164 whereas the existing counter architecture consumes 266.The delay of the proposed counter architecture is 3.968ns and that of existing counter is 4.952ns. The Power consumption is 28.80mW for our proposed counter and 29.24mW for the existing one.
Cloud computing is the set of distributed computing nodes. It is the use of computing resources that are delivered as a service over a network. Virtualization plays a crucial role in cloud computing. Typically VMs are offered in different types, each type have its own characteristics which includes number of CPU cores, amount of main memory, etc. and cost. Presently, static algorithms are being used for scheduling VM instances in cloud. Instead of these, an algorithm is proposed here which dynamically detects the load and then schedules the tasks. The main purpose of the proposed scheduling strategy is to find the minimally loaded computational node. Upon receiving task requests from the clients, server has to schedule these to a minimally loaded node among all available computing nodes.
Gary Lewis's presentation on Guiding principles of CDM 2007 and its application to Joint Ventures in the Wind Energy Sector - exclusively presented to ARMSA Wind Energy clients on Breakfast Seminar on 30 October 2013 and now available to public.
A presentation from on of WSPS\\\\’s regional conferences in Sault Ste. Marie. Co-Written and Co-Presented along with Steve Taylor from Great Lakes Power. Not exhaustive by any means, this presentation gives a high-level view of what to look for when establishing relationships with contractor at your workplace.
VRK:n päätös Järkeä tekijänoikeuslakiin -kansalaisaloitteen tarkastuksestaJoonas Pekkanen
Väestörekisterikeskus hyväksyi 51 801 kannatusilmoitusta. Paperilla kerätyistä kannatusilmoituksista hylättiin 5,2 prosenttia eli 85 kappaletta. Niistä 40 hylättiin, koska sama henkilö oli kannattanut aloitetta kahdesti.
Cloud Computing a leading and getting widely adopted technology in industry, unveils some unprecedented challenges to security of company’s resources such as capital and knowledge based assets. Hither to no much attention has been paid by the governments and there is neither any universal standard adopted, nor any breakthrough to take up these challenges. Traditional contracts and licensing agreements may not provide adequate legal resources and remedies normally associated with the layers of protection for corporations. Intellectual Property, Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) and corporate governance issues have to be fully explored and practiced in domestic and international markets. So this paper discusses the need of establishment of Law and judicial framework of policies to the services embedding cloud computing technology, besides this it also addresses legal issues and existing policies adopted by different countries.
Cloud computing basically involves delivering hosted services over the Internet to store, manage, and process data, instead of using local server or a personal computer. These services are broadly divided into three categories: Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). In scientific terms, cloud computing is a synonym for distributed computing over a network which means the ability to run a program on many connected computers at the same time. Therefore it involves a large number of computers that are connected through a real-time communication network.
Counters are specialized registers and is considered as essential building blocks for a variety of circuit operations such as programmable frequency dividers, shifters, code generators, memory select management, and various arithmetic operations. Since many applications are comprised of these fundamental operations, much research focuses on efficient counter architecture design. This paper proposes an 8-bit high speed parallel counter architecture. The counter consists of two main sections- the counting section and the state Anticipation Module.The total equivalent gate count for our proposed counter is 164 whereas the existing counter architecture consumes 266.The delay of the proposed counter architecture is 3.968ns and that of existing counter is 4.952ns. The Power consumption is 28.80mW for our proposed counter and 29.24mW for the existing one.
Cloud computing is the set of distributed computing nodes. It is the use of computing resources that are delivered as a service over a network. Virtualization plays a crucial role in cloud computing. Typically VMs are offered in different types, each type have its own characteristics which includes number of CPU cores, amount of main memory, etc. and cost. Presently, static algorithms are being used for scheduling VM instances in cloud. Instead of these, an algorithm is proposed here which dynamically detects the load and then schedules the tasks. The main purpose of the proposed scheduling strategy is to find the minimally loaded computational node. Upon receiving task requests from the clients, server has to schedule these to a minimally loaded node among all available computing nodes.
Gary Lewis's presentation on Guiding principles of CDM 2007 and its application to Joint Ventures in the Wind Energy Sector - exclusively presented to ARMSA Wind Energy clients on Breakfast Seminar on 30 October 2013 and now available to public.
A presentation from on of WSPS\\\\’s regional conferences in Sault Ste. Marie. Co-Written and Co-Presented along with Steve Taylor from Great Lakes Power. Not exhaustive by any means, this presentation gives a high-level view of what to look for when establishing relationships with contractor at your workplace.
The Professional Certificate in International & Construction Contract Managem...Moabdallah
Contract administration Course involves making decisions and the timely flow of information and decisions to enable completion of the project as required by the contract documents including review and observation of the construction project.
Procurement in Focus - the pros and cons of various project delivery modelsConstruction in Focus
Choosing the correct project delivery model is a vital aspect of ensuring an infrastructure project is successful. Using the right delivery model for a given project ensures contractual obligations are allocated appropriately, risks are managed and objectives delivered. This article outlines the key factors that inform which delivery model will work best for a given project, then details the ideal uses of different delivery models, along with each of their pros and cons.
Guide to Construction Procurement StrategiesSarah Fox
A guide to the three most common procurement strategies used on UK construction projects:
1. Traditional or general contracting
2. Design and build
3. Management based (covering management contracting, construction management and prime contracting).
Many construction professionals stick with what they know when choosing or recommending procurement, risk and contract strategies. However, making an informed choice can reduce the risk of conflict later. The comparison of the different strategies is partly based on Which Contract? By Cox, Clamp and Lupton.
This guide was developed by Sarah Fox, author of the 500-Word Contract. Using her 20 years' experience with construction projects, she gives you the confidence to use the right contracts for project success. The right contracts depend on the right procurement and risk strategies.
To find out more about her contract workshops, visit www.500words.co.uk or email sarah@500words.co.uk
1. 1 0 a p r i l / m ay 2 0 1 5
RICS Building
Control JOURNAL
CDM Regulations
Changing liabilities
T
he Construction
(Design and
Management)
Regulations (CDM)
2015 will be an
important evolution in
enforcing standards
for the planning, design and delivery of
construction projects. Of even greater
significance are proposals to radically
alter the approach of the criminal courts
in sentencing offenders guilty of health
and safety breaches or, in the most
severe cases, corporate manslaughter.
Although comfort might be taken from
the protection of local authorities against
claims arising from building control and/or
contractual provisions excluding design
liability, surveyors should be aware of the
potential criminal liabilities that can result
from breach of wider health and safety
duties. Responsibilities under health and
safety legislation cannot be contracted
out of or insured against for reasons of
public policy. In addition, extreme cases
involving individual failures can also result
in imprisonment.
For these reasons, it is particularly
important to consider the possible
consequences of straying into the
territory of suggesting solutions to design
issues, including the nature and use of
materials.
It is necessary to have in mind CDM
provisions that define what a ‘designer’ is.
The definition is very wide and an
individual or organisation that acquires
designer status, perhaps inadvertently,
will be caught by the CDM duties
imposed on all designers – a breach of
which can result in enforcement action,
including criminal prosecution.
CDM revisions
The revised CDM regulations come into
force on 6 April and many of the
proposed changes have been well trailed
in the consultation process that
Tougher fines and sentencing for health and safety breaches are on
the way under regulations reforms, warns Sean Elson
concluded last June. A number of these
created significant debate, including the
extension of CDM to domestic clients (to
meet a requirement of the Temporary or
Mobile Construction Sites Directive) and
the CDM coordinator role.
The coordinator role was criticised by
contractors and clients alike as adding little
value and contributing to an overly
bureaucratic approach to compliance.
At the end of consultation period, the
proposal to scrap the role in favour of a
new principal designer to coordinate the
pre-construction phase of a project was
confirmed by the Health and Safety
Executive (HSE) despite objections from a
number of those currently acting in the role.
Due to the broad nature of the definition it
has been widely recognised that design
liability can be acquired in addition to that
of the original designer or design team.
This might occur through specifying the
use of certain materials or requiring
features to be added or removed.
Although the primary duty of the
new principal designer will be to plan,
manage, monitor and coordinate the
pre-construction phase, the
responsibilities of the designer will
remain essentially the same. This is to
try, when preparing or modifying a design
(so far as reasonably practicable), to
eliminate health and safety risks to any
person involved in the project’s
construction, its ongoing maintenance
or cleaning and its future use as a
workplace. It will be the duty of the
principal designer to ensure that the
designer meets those responsibilities.
Helpfully, the HSE draft guidance that
accompanies the regulations explicitly
states that local authority or ‘government’
officials giving advice and instruction on
meeting statutory requirements will not be
considered designers. However, statutory
bodies that require certain features to be
included or excluded going beyond what
the law (e.g. Building Regulations)
stipulates may become ‘designers’ and
must comply with CDM 2015.
Enforcement and sanctions
In practice, very few CDM clients or
designers have been the subject of
enforcement action or prosecution
relating to breaches of their duties; most
enforcement has been in relation to
contractors. Nevertheless, the HSE
continues to promote the client’s
important role in the commissioning and
design of projects. Time will tell whether
the new regulations will be accompanied
by a new enforcement approach that
looks beyond a principal contractor to
those engaged in the provision of
Ithasbeenwidely
recognisedthatdesign
liabilitycanbeacquired
inadditiontothatofthe
originaldesigneror
designteam
Other changes include enhanced
duties on the client. It had been
proposed by the HSE to withdraw the
CDM Approved Code of Practice, but
following the consultation it now plans
to issue a shorter version together with
additional guidance.
Importantly, what defines a designer
will remain essentially the same. It
includes any person (including a client,
contractor or other person referred to in
the regulations) “who in the course or
furtherance of a business prepares or
modifies a design relating to a structure
or to a product or mechanical or
electrical system”.