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Basis cursus
Moestuinieren
Deel 2
Marc Nevens
Inhoud basiscursus
 Data cursus
 Basiskennis
 Vruchtwisseling
 Teeltplan
 Groentefamilies
 Ziekten en plagen
Marc Nevens
 Biodiversiteit
 Composteren
 Materialen
 Verwerking
 Werkzaamheden
 Nieuwe vormen
Wat hebben we geleerd in
deel 1
 Klimaat: Licht – Warmte - Vocht
 Grondtype: zandgrond <> zware
grond  vroegheid + type
groenten
 Bodemvruchtbaarheid:
 Chemische = PH 6,5 <> 7,5
 Bemestingsplan
 Fysische = Koolstof + humus
 Grondverbetering, drainage,
zuurstofgehalte, korrelgrootte
 Biologische = bodemleven
 Wormen, bacteriën,
schimmels..
 Vruchtwisseling
 Meststoffen NPK?
 Voedingselementen:
bevorderen groei
 Biologisch of niet biologisch
 C, H2O, O2
 NPK
 N: stimuleert groei
 P: ontwikkeling scheuten,
wortelen
 K: waterhuishouding,
transport mineralen
 Mineralen: Mg, Fe, Ma, B, Mo
 Soorten meststoffen:
 Web: Viano, DCM, Ecostyle
 Ecostyle universeel
Marc Nevens
Biologische
bodemvruchtbaarheid
 Bodemleven is belangrijk:
 Mineralisatie
 Luchtinbreng
 Micro-organismen:
 Wormen
 Bacteriën
 Schimmels
 Zwammen
 Vruchtwisseling: tegen ziekten en plagen
Marc Nevens
Vruchtwisseling
Biologische
bodemvruchtbaarheid
Hoofdfuncties
1. Beheersbaar maken van (voorkomen):
 Ziekten en plagen
 Onkruid
2. Verbeteren (in stand houden) bodemvruchtbaarheid
GEVOLG  Gezonde gewassen
Marc Nevens
Teeltwissel
 Bepaalde gewassen worden in de tijd in een specifieke
volgorde geteeld
 Herhaalt zich na een aantal jaren
 Cyclus: bv 1:5
Marc Nevens
Marc Nevens
Overzicht voordelen
vruchtwisseling
Marc Nevens
Groenten
“Voor vruchtwisseling dienen we te weten wat we gaan
planten en dienen we de familie of groepen te kennen”
Groentefamilie <> Groentegroep
Familie = bloem
Groep = blad
Marc Nevens
Groentefamilies
 Groenten van dezelfde familie:
 Zelfde kenmerken
 Zelfde eisen aan bodem <> grondtype: zand, klei
 Zelfde ziekten en plagen
 Zelfde behoefte aan voedingsstoffen <> bemesting
Marc Nevens
Ijskruidfamilie
Nieuw-Zeelandse spinazie
Marc Nevens
Lookfamilie
 Knoflook
 Daslook
 Uien
 Sjalot
 Stengel ui
 Prei
Marc Nevens
Schermbloemigen
 Kervel
 Selder
 Wortelen
 Pastinaak
 Peterselie
 Wortelpeterselie
 Knolvenkel
Marc Nevens
Aspergefamilie
 Asperge
Marc Nevens
Samengesteld bloemige
 Andijvie
 Witloof
 Groenlof
 Raddicio,
 Artisjok
 Slasoorten
 Schorseneer
Marc Nevens
Kruisbloemenfamilie
 Chinese kool
 Paksoi
 Raapstelen
 Koolraap
 Spitskool
 Broccoli
 Bloemkool
Marc Nevens
Ganzevoetfamilie
 Snijbiet (warmoes)
 Spinazie
 Rode Biet
Marc Nevens
Komkommerfamilie
 Meloen
 Komkommer
 Augurk
 Pompoen
 Courgette
 Pattison
Marc Nevens
Vlinderbloemigen
 Pronkbonen
 Struikbonen
 Stokbonen
 Erwten
 Tuinbonen
Marc Nevens
Lipbloemenfamilie
 Crosne
Marc Nevens
Grassenfamilie
 Suikermaïs
Marc Nevens
Duizendknoopfamilie
 Zuring
 Rabarber
Marc Nevens
Posteleinfamilie
 Postelein
Marc Nevens
Rozenfamilie
 Aardbei
Marc Nevens
Nachtschadefamilie
 Paprika
 Pepers
 Tomaat
 Aubergine
 Aardappel
Marc Nevens
Valeriaanfamilie
 Veldsla
Marc Nevens
Groentegroepen
Indeling volgens BLAD
 Bladgewassen
 Koolgewassen
 Vruchtgewassen
 Wortelgewassen
 Peulgewassen
 Doorlevende gewassen
 Aardappelen
Marc Nevens
Bladgewassen
 Diverse slasoorten
 Peterselie
 Postelein
 Prei
 Selder
 Spinazie
 Gemakkelijkste groep
 Bladeren nemen veel
stikstof op
 Vragen matige
bemesting
 Verschillende teelten
mogelijk
 Veel water
 Compostbehoefte =
laag
Marc Nevens
Koolgewassen
 Koolsoorten
 Radijs
 Rapen
 Brocolli
 Verschillende teelten
 Plantgoed
 Ruime bemesting + licht
alcalisch
 30% compost
 Matig water
 Ziekte gevoelig
 Na peulgewassen
 Voor bladgewassen
Marc Nevens
Vruchtgewassen
 Aubergine
 Augurk
 Komkommer
 Meloen
 Paprika
 Pompoen
 Maïs
 Tomaat
 Beschermde teelt
 Zon
 Veel water
 Begin: Bemesting P + K
 Na de bloei: N
Marc Nevens
Wortelgewassen (knol)
 Knoflook
 Venkel
 Pastinaak
 Rode biet
 Schorseneer
 Sjalot, ui
 Wortelen
 Weinig Stikstof!
 P + K
 Losgemaakt bodem
 Licht alkalisch
 Zon
 Matig water
Marc Nevens
Peulgewassen
 Bonen
 Erwten
 Geen bemesting
 Trekken stikstof uit
lucht  wortelknolletjes
 Licht alkalisch
 Voorteelt voor
bladgewassen
 Halfschaduw
 Begin: weinig water
Marc Nevens
Doorlevende of meerjarige
gewassen
 Aardbei
 Rabarber
 Fruit
 Geen kalk
 Stalmest
 Compost
 Matig stikstof
 Veel Kalium:
waterhuishouding
Marc Nevens
Teeltplan: afwisselende
rotatie
Peulgewas
Aardappel
Wortelgewas
Vruchtgewas
Bladgewas
Koolgewas
Marc Nevens
Wat kan (niet)!
 Zomerprei 
Winterprei
 Bloemkool  Veldsla
 Wortel  Andijvie
 Spinazie  Kool
 Radijs  Pompoen
 Sla  Selder
 Kool  Kool
 Ui  Prei
 Erwten  Bonen
 Aardappel  Wortel
 Aardappel  Ui
Marc Nevens
Slecht gezelschap
 Aardappelen + Tomaten + Pompoen
 Bonen + Erwten + Ui
 Spinazie + Bonen
 Wortelen + Dille
Marc Nevens
Weetje
LICHT
Marc Nevens
Marc Nevens
Osram Dulux L
 osram dulux l 24w 840 2g11
Marc Nevens
Led verlichting
• Link
• Link
• Link
Tuininrichting
Marc Nevens
Marc Nevens
Indeling percelen
Marc Nevens
Google sketchup
Marc Nevens
Mijntuin.org
Marc Nevens

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Basiscursus moestuinieren 2