Formwork is defined as the surface and framing that contains and shapes wet concrete until it becomes self-supporting, including various systems like timber and steel. It involves high-risk activities and consists of components like ties, anchors, and props to ensure stability and safety during construction. Proper formwork construction requires careful planning, including detailed drawings and procedures for erection and stripping, while avoiding hazardous methods like drop stripping.

1. Formwork

2. What is the definition of formwork?
• Formwork means the surface of the form and framing used to
contain and shape wet concrete until it is self-supporting.
• Formwork includes the forms on or within which the concrete is
poured and the frames and bracing which provide stability.
Although commonly referred to as part of the formwork
assembly, the joists, bearers, bracing, foundations and footings
are technically referred to as falsework.
• Formwork construction may involve high risk activities like
operating powered mobile plant like cranes, working at height
and excavating foundations.

3. Type of Formwork Systems
1.Timber formwork
2.Steel formwork
3.Plywood formwork
4.Aluminium formwork
5.Plastic formwork
6.Fabric formwork
7.Tunnel formwork

4. • Parts of formworks

5. Components and accessories of
formwork systems include
• Ties: Used to connect opposite sides of the formwork.
• Anchors: Fix the form to the pre-placed concrete.
• Hangers: Used to hang formwork load from structural steel,
precast concrete, or other components.
• Props: Provide support.
• Spacers: Maintain the desired distance between formwork
elements.

6. Formwork should be:
• rigid, watertight, braced and tied together to maintain position
and shape during construction , and
• able to be removed easily and safely without damaging the
formed concrete, or have components that remain as part of the
finished structure so the rest can be removed without damaging
the structure.

7. Formwork drawings should include
details of:
• formwork and formwork joints
• sealing procedures
• ties
• size and spacing of framing
• details of proprietary fittings or systems proposed to be used,
and
• bond breakers, if used.

8. Stripping formwork
• As with formwork erection, the stripping operation should be
carried out in an orderly, systematic and progressive manner,
considering the risks of falls, falling objects and manual task
hazards in the now enclosed space.

9. Drop stripping
• ‘Drop stripping’ describes the method used when all of the
formwork support system is removed and the formply is then
allowed to drop to the level below either by its own weight or by
people levering it off.
• Drop stripping should not be used. It can be very hazardous
because the formply is likely to fall uncontrolled and can hit
people in the vicinity of the work.