5. HA MEEM ‘AYN SEEN QAF
•Chapter 40, 41,42, 43, 44,45 and 46 of the
Qur’an have Ha Meem in the beginning.
•Chapter 42 contains three more letters in
the second verse: قسع
6. INTRODUCTION
• There are three surahs in the Qur’an that contain
special features of the Prefixed letters.
• Alif lam meem saad,
• Alif lam meem ra
• Ha meem ‘ayn seen qaf
7. WHY SPECIAL?
• Alif lam meem saad shares common letters with
series Alif lam meem and two more surahs; Sad and
Maryam.
• Alif meem ra share letters with alif lam meem (six
chapters) series as well as Alif lam ra series (five
chapters).
8. SHARE WITH OTHER CHAPTERS
• one letter qaf with chapter Qaf,
• one letter with four seen lettered surahs such as Ya seen,
Ta seen meem(two), Ta seen,
• one letter meem with 8 other surahs .
• one letter ‘ayn with Mary:
• Totaling 19 surahs
9. CENTRAL SURAH
• This makes it a central surah as its themes and
subjects are either related or repeated in 19 other
chapters.
• This surah, therefore, contains the main themes of
surah Maryam, four seen chapters and surah Qaf as
secondary themes and Ha meem as the main theme.
10. SIGNIFICANCE
• This means that whatever we say of this surah with
respect to the prefixed letters cannot be isolated to
this chapter only, but must be applicable to nineteen
other surahs; making the task of the analysis
complex and supportive at the same time.
• This implies detailed probing of the surah.
11. THE DIFFERENCE
• However, there is a special feature here which is not
found elsewhere.
• While all the other letters occur in the first verse,
these three letters ( قسع )occur in the second verse.
• This assigns them a different place and role.
12. CUT LETTERS
• One of the names assigned to these letters is ‘Cut
letters’. In fact ‘ayn seen qaf are the cut letters as
they do not seem to occur together in words such as
Ha meem or alif lam meem do.
• They, therefore, have to be looked into separate
words and phrases.
13. SECONDARY ROLE
• The text and message are so naturally interwoven
that it is very difficult to find a linguistic
significance, however, with constant research and
data collection it was suggested that:
14. SECONDARY ROLE
• the occurrence in the second verse itself is
significant
• It assigns these letters a secondary role in the
themes of the chapter 42 of Qur’an.
15. WHAT DOES THIS SIGNIFY?
This means there are two sets of letters in this
chapter:
• A primary set of letters Ha and Meem in the first
verse
• A secondary set of letters ‘ayn seen qaf in the
second verse.
16. ROLE OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
LETTERS
• The Primary set of letters provides the primary themes.
• The secondary set of letters provides the supportive theme.
• The secondary set of the letters have already been dealt in
detail in other chapters as mentioned above.
17. TWO EFFECTS
• The task becomes complex as it is related to many
chapters
• It becomes verifiable as data from different chapters
is available to support the findings.
18. RELATION WITH HA MEEM SERIES
• The basic findings with reference to Ha meem is
clearly applicable as all aspects of Ha meem are
found here. This aspect has been presented briefly
below.
19. HA MEEM PATTERNS
• All chapters contain the attributes of Allah that have
the Ha Meem letters in them such as Rahman,
Raheem, Hakeem and Hameed.
• All chapters refer to the message as Haq.
• All chapters consistently talk about life, death and
life after death from different angles.(explained later)
20. STUDY IN TWO PARTS
• In the first part we shall look at the common
features of the Ha Meem series found in this chapter
42.
• Then we shall look at the additional features that
exist here and can be related to the three additional
letters.
24. THE GIVER OF LIFE
• َٓٓو َٰىَت ْوَمْيٓالِيْحُيٓ َوُه َٓوُّيِل َوْٓال َوُهُٓ هاَّللَفٓيرِدَقٍُْٓيََشِٓلُكٓ َٰىََِعٓ َوُه
• yuḥ'yī
• gives life (42:9:10)
•
25. HE VINDICATES THE TRUTH
• (42:24:16) wa yuḥiqqu
• and establishes
• َٓمَِِكِْبٓهقَحْٓالُّق ِحُي َٓوَلِاطَْبْٓالُ هٓاَّللُحْمَي َوُِٓوردُّصٓالِتاَذِْبٓيمَِِعُٓههنِإِٓهِتا
26. HAQQ WAL MEEZAN/ TRUTH AND BALANCE
• َٓابَتِكْٓالَلَزْنَيٓأِذهٓالُ هاَّللَٓانَيزِمْال َٓوِقَحْالِْب
• (42:18:13) l-ḥaqu
27. SIGNS IN THE UNIVERSE AND THEMSELVES
• ِٓسُفْنَيٓأِف َٓوِقاَف ْيٓاْلِفَٓانِتاَيٓآْمِهي ِرُنَسْٓمُهَلَٓهنيَْبَتَيٓ َٰىهتَحْٓمِهُّٓقَحُْٓالههنَأ
• (42:17:5) bil-ḥaqi
28. THE MESSAGE TO MOHAMMAD
• نِٓمَينِذهىٓٱلَلِإ َٓوَكۡيَلِإٓى ِوحُيَٓكِلٲَذٓۡٓٱلُيز ِزَعۡٓٱلُ هٓٱَّللَكِِْۡبَقُٓميِكَح
• Thus Allah the Mighty, the Knower inspireth
thee (Muhammad) as (He inspired) those
before thee./3
29. THE FORGIVER, THE MERCIFUL
• َٓغۡٓٱل َوُهَٓ هٓٱَّللهنِإٓ َلَأُٓمي ِحهٓٱلرُورُف
31. THE KNOWER, THE POWERFUL
• ُٓههنِإٓيرِدَقٓيمَِِعٓۥ
•Lo! He is Knower, Powerful.
32. THE STRONG THE MIGHTY
• َٓيٓنَمُٓقُز ۡرَيٓۦِهِداَْبِعِْبٓ ُُۢيفِطَلُٓ هٱَّللِٓزَعۡٓٱلُّىِوَقۡٓٱل َوُه َۖٓوَُُٓاَشُٓيز
• Allah is gracious unto His slaves. He provides for
whom He will. And He is the Strong, the Mighty.
33. THE HOUR MAY BE NEAR
• َٓۗٓوَٓانَيزِمۡٱل َٓوِقَحۡٱلِْبَٓبَٰـَتِكۡٓٱلَلَنزَٓأىِذهُٓٱلههلٓيب ِرَقَٓةَعاهسٓٱلهلَعَلَٓيك ِرۡدُيٓاَم /17
• Allah it is Who hath revealed the Scripture with
truth, and the Balance. How canst thou know? It
may be that the Hour is nigh.
34. THE HOUR MAY BE NIGH
• ٓيِْبَرَعٓاًناَُ ۡرُقَٓكۡيَلِإَٓانۡيَح ۡوَأَٓكِلٲَذَك َوَٓرِذنُتِآلٓ َٰىَرُقۡٓٱلهمُأَٓل ۡوَحٓ ۡنَم َوَٓم ۡوَيَٓرِذنُت َآوَه
ِٓۚٓهيِفَٓبۡيَٓر َٓلِع ۡمَجۡٱلَٓٓوِةهنَجۡىٓٱلِفٓيق ِرَفِٓيرِعهسىٓٱلِفٓيق ِرَف
• And thus We have inspired in thee a Lecture in Arabic, that
thou mayst warn the mother-town and those around it, and
mayst warn of a day of assembling whereof there is no
doubt. A host will be in the Garden, and a host of them in
the Flame
36. MOTHER-TOWN AND THOSE AROUND IT
• ٓۡوَحٓ ۡنَم َٓو َٰىَرُقۡٓٱلهمُأاَهَل
37. HAYAT AND MAWT
• أُٓ هٱَّللَفَُٓۖٓاَيِل ۡوَۤٓأۦِهِنُودٓنِٓمْاوُذَخهتٓٱِم َََٓمۡٓٱلِى ۡحُيٓ َوُه َٓوُّىِل َوۡٓٱل َوُهٓٓ َٰىَت ۡو
ٓيرِدَقٍُٓ َۡىَشِٓلُكٓ َٰىََِعٓ َوُه َو
• Or have they chosen protecting friends besides
Him? But Allah, He (alone) is the Protecting
Friend. He quickeneth the dead, and He is Able to
do all things
38. ABLE TO DO ALL
• ِٓدَقٍُٓ َۡىَشِٓلُكٓ َٰىََِعٓ َوُه َوٓير
• and He is Able to do all things
39. PART II: THE ADDITIONAL SUPPORT
i)The attributes of Allah along with that of the Ha
meem letters get further extension to attributes that
use the three secondary letters as explained below.
40. PART II: THE ADDITIONAL SUPPORT
Similarly
ii)The theme of life and death.
iii)The individual verses and their phonological
context.
iv) The context of the chapters
41. THE ‘AYN SEEN QAF FACTOR
• All have one additional factor of
• ‘ayn
• Seen
• Qaf
42. THE STRONG THE MIGHTY
• ََٓشَيٓنَمُٓقُز ۡرَيٓۦِهِداَْبِعِْبٓ ُُۢيفِطَلُٓ هٱَّللُٓيز ِزَعۡٓٱلُّىِوَقۡٓٱل َوُه َۖٓوُُٓا /19
• Allah is gracious unto His slaves. He provides for whom
He will. And He is the Strong, the Mighty.
• Note the use of ‘ayn and qaf
43. ADDITION TO ALLAH’S ATTRIBUTES
•ٓيرِدَقٍُٓ َۡىَشِٓلُكٓ َٰىََِع
• Carefully specifying Allah’s attributes that match not
only the theme but also the initially fixed letters.
• ‘ayn and qaf
• Suggested research is to see the similar letter’s role
such as seen and sheen.
44. ‘AZEEZIN HAKEEM/ ‘ALIYYIL HAKEEM
• َٓكِلََٰذَكي ِوحُيَْٓكيَلِإىَلِإ َوَٓينِذهالْٓنِمَٓقَٓكِِْْبُٓ هاَّللُٓيز ِزَعْالِٓكَحْالُٓمي
• l-ḥakīmu/ (42:3:10)
• ْٓوَأَٓلِس ْرُيًٓولُسَرَٓي ِوحُيَفِٓهِنْذِإِْباَمَٓيَُُٓاَشُٓههنِإٓيَِِعٓيمِكَح
• Ḥakīmun / (42:51:22)
• The above examples can further explain the stated phenomenon
45. WAHEE (REVELATION) BECOMES QUR’ANAN
ARABIYYAN
• َٓرِذنُتِآليِْبَرَعٓاًناَُ ۡرُقَٰٓىَرُقۡٓٱلهمُأ
• The wahy has been narrowed down to Qur’anan
‘arabiyyan
• Qaf, ‘ayn, meem qaf can be noted in the above
46. THE TWO GROUPS OF HELL AND HEAVEN
• ٓيق ِرَف َٓوِةهنَجۡىٓٱلِفٓيق ِرَفِٓيرِعهسىٓٱلِف
• One group to be in Paradise while the other in the hell
• The choice of words such as sa ‘eer point to seen ‘ayn
and fareeq to qaf
48. VERSE ANAYLIS
Every verse contains elements of the primary or
secondary letters.
Some of the verses have been selected for this
analysis.
49. AYAH ANALYSIS
• ِٓلَٓق ۡز ِٓٱلرُطُسْۡبَيِٓۖٓض ۡرَ ۡٱۡل َٓوِتٲ َوَٰـَمهسُٓٱلديِلاَقَمُٓهَلۥُٓۚٓرِدۡقَي َٓوَُُاَشَيٓنَمََٓشِٓلُكِْبُٓههنِإۥٓيمَِِعٍُٓ ۡى
• This verse beautifully analyzes the attributes of Allah
as the holder of the keys of heaven and earth and the
Enlarger of providence.
• Look at the beautiful use of the ‘ayn seen qaf in the key
words, maqaleed, samawat, Basit, rizq, and yaqdir.
51. ‘AYN SEEN QAF
• َٓٓأ ۡنَۖٓأَٰٓىَسيِع َٓو َٰىَسوُم َوَٓينِٓٱلدْاوُميِق
52. MESSAGE FOR EARLIER AND THIS
GENERATION.
• ٓىِذهٱل َآوًحوُنٓۦِهِْبٓ َٰىهص َآوَمِٓينِٓٱلدَنِمٓمُكَلَٓعََرَشِْٓبَٓانۡيهص َآوَم َٓوَكۡيَلِإَٓانۡيَح ۡوَٓأٓۤۦِه
َٓل َٓوَينِٓٱلدْاوُميِقَٓأ ۡنَۖٓأَٰٓىَسيِع َٓو َٰىَسوُم َٓوَيمِهٲَرْۡبِإوُقهرَفَتَتٓ
• The same advice was given to earlier generations
that proves; consistency of the message, the
everlasting Deity and the importance of following
with the consequences of ignoring it.
53. I ASK NO REWARD (THE PROPHET SAID)
• ٓۡجَٓأِهۡيََِعٓ ۡمُكَُِٔـۡسَٓأ هلٓلُقٓۡىٓٱلِفَٓةهد َوَمۡٓٱل هلِإٓاًرىَْب ۡرُقََٰۗٓ
/23
• I ask of you no fee therefor, save loving kindness
among kinsfolk.
• Note the use of the three letters
54. RIZQ FOR HIS SLAVES
• َْٓبِعِلَٓق ۡز ِٓٱلرُ هٓٱَّللَطَسَْبٓ ۡوَل َوِٓهِدا
• And if Allah were to enlarge the provision for His
slaves /27
55. PERSIH THEM (HIS SLAVES)
• أَٓي َٓوْاوُْبَسَكٓاَمِْبٓهنُهۡقِْبوُيٓ ۡو ٍََٓيرَِِكٓنَعٓ ُفۡع /34
• Or He causes them to perish on account of that
which they have earned - And He forgiveth much
56. ADVICE TO THE PROPHET
• ِٓقَتۡٱس َۖٓوُٓعۡٱدَفَٓكِلٲَذَِِفٓ ۡم
• The advice to the Prophet is also replete with these
letters.
• ‘ayn seen qaf
57. THE PUNCH LINE
• ِٓقَحۡٱلِْبَٓبَٰـَتِكۡٓٱلَلَنزَٓأىِذهٓٱلُ هٱَّللَٓلَٓيك ِرۡدُيٓاَم َۗٓوَٓانَيزِمۡٱل َٓوٓهلَع
ٓيب ِرَقَٓةَعاهسٱلَٓ
• Here comes the line which can essentially be called the key
one.
• (This was pointed out by Geoffery in
58. ‘AYN SEEN QAF
• ٓٱلهلَعَلَٓيك ِرۡدُيي ِرَقَٓةَعاهسٓب
59. YOU SEE THE CRIMINALS
• ۗٓۡمِهِْبٓ ُُۢعِقا َٓو َوُه َٓوْاوُْبَسَڪٓاهمِٓمَينِقِفَۡشُم
• Thou seest the wrong-doers fearful of that which
they have earned, and it will surely befall them
• Note the beautiful use of the three letters.
60. ANGELS IN PRAISE
• (42:5:8) biḥamdi(the) praise َٓتَيُٓات َاوَمهسُٓالداَكَتَٓن ْرهطَف
ْٓمَحِْبَٓونُحِْبَسُيُٓةَكِئ ََلَمْال َٓوهنِهِق ْوَفْٓنِمْٓمِهِْبَٓرِد
• Similarly angels were stated praising their
Lord, however, in this chapter their role is
further widened as
61. ANGELS ASKING FORGIVENESS FOR THE
ONES ON EARTH.
• ِۗٓض ۡرَ ۡىٓٱۡلِفٓنَمِلَٓونُرِفۡغَتۡسَي َوُٓفَغۡٓٱل َوُهَٓ هٓٱَّللهنِإٓ َلَأُٓور
ُٓمي ِحهٱلر
• Asking forgiveness for the ones who are on earth.
63. THE MESSAGE AND THE LANGUAGE
• The message, however, is encapsulated in an highly
organized, calculated language pattern to remain
intact for ever and not be…..
• Similarly every verse in this chapter contains these
letters in the expansion of the message of Ha meem
chapters. Going into greater details is not advisable.
64. FROM GENERAL TO SPECIFIC
• There is a narrowing of focus from the general
subjects of Ha Meem chapters to;
• The further minute details of ;
• The praise to/ The Qadar, quwwa, ‘alaa
• from life after death to /Sa’a of judgement
66. ‘AYN SEEN QAF IN ONE SENTENCE
• This can be stated in a sentence that the Qaadir
(powerful) Khaliq (Creator) sends the Qur’anan
‘arabiyyan( the Arabic reading) to His ‘abd (slave) and
rasool (prophet) to guide His ‘ibad (slaves) to Sirate
mustaqeem (the right path) and warn them of sa’a (the
great moment).
67. SET/SUB SET OF LETTERS
• Primary Letters/ Main role
• --------------------------------------------------------
• Secondary Letters/ Secondary role
• Special Finding
68. SUMMARY
• If other surahs of the Qur’an are wonders of
linguistic organization, this one is by all means 20
times more wonderful as it links itself to 20 other
chapters in a systematic, consistent manner that
evades any human explanation and analysis.
69. CONCLUSION
• The analysis clearly proves that for anyone to still
think the Qur’an as human Discourse will be the
greatest injustice one could to oneself and other
fellow beings.
70. CONCLUSION
• The analysis proves the existing link between the
chapters that have similar letters by style and
themes.
• Making any attempt of the copy of the style simply
beyond human capacities even in translation.
71. CONCLUSION
• As all the geniuses on earth cannot imagine to
produce a single surah that is linked to seven of its
sister surahs on the one hand and twelve other
chapters which are in turn interrelated makes the
challenge of the Qur’an clear.
73. INVITATION TO PONDER
• This research is an invitation to all the linguists and
other scholars of the present and future to study
and consider the status of the Book (Al Qur’an) as a
linguistic miracle and its inimitability as a text
pointing to the responsibility towards the same.
74. SPECIALLY IN THE WAKE OF THE
UNLETTERED PROPHET
• َٰٓـَتِكۡآٱلَمٓى ِرۡدَتَٓنتُكٓاَمُٓنَٰـَميِ ۡٓٱۡل َل َٓوُب
•You were not aware of writing or
faith.
75. THE UNLETTERED PROPHET AND TEXTUAL
PERFECTION
• Now look at the un lettered Prophet who makes subtle
use of the letters.
• Making the subtle difference between the two as
primary and secondary letters.
• He gives a surah which makes use of the letters in a
distinct manner; primary and secondary themes and
Selections and placing to help the reader arrive at the
TEXTUAL TRUTH
76. INVITATION TO PONDER
• A Divine Miracle and in that case to acquit oneself of
the responsibility associated.
77. INVITATION TO PONDER
• Last but not the least, the truth seekers must be
aware of the consequences that await the people
who reject the truth when it comes to them.
