AED is a portable type of external defibrillator that automatically diagnose the ventricular fibrillation in a patient.
Automatic refers to the ability to autonomously analyze the patients condition.AED is provided with self-adhesive electrodes instead of hand held paddles
Need for Defibrillators
Types of Defibrillators
Defibrillators Electrodes
Principle of defibrillation
Working of AED
Precaution in defibrillation process
AED is a portable type of external defibrillator that automatically diagnose the ventricular fibrillation in a patient.
Automatic refers to the ability to autonomously analyze the patients condition.AED is provided with self-adhesive electrodes instead of hand held paddles
Need for Defibrillators
Types of Defibrillators
Defibrillators Electrodes
Principle of defibrillation
Working of AED
Precaution in defibrillation process
Mastering Life-Saving Skills First Aid Course with CPR C AED.pdfSuperStudyLearningCe
Emergencies are unforeseeable, but preparedness is within reach. In a world where accidents can happen anytime, anywhere, having the knowledge and skills to administer initial medical care can be the difference between life and death. One of the most valuable investments individuals can make in their own safety and that of others is by enrolling in a comprehensive first aid course.
On getting the information and after assessment of the situation with section in-charge (Site incident controller) the security in-charge will sound the emergency siren / announce the situation.
Section in-charge and / or security in-charge will alert all sections in the vicinity of emergency site.
Site incident controller and / or security in-charge will inform the main incident controller, emergency coordinator and essential personnel on telephone with the help of telephone list. Telephone list is available in the Gate / Security Office.
The person giving the information should have clear idea and full details regarding the incident, and then only he shall be able to ask for proper help.
Incident controller will made efforts to control the emergency at plant level and make the assessment of emergency situation. In case the emergency situation is not controllable at section / plant level and evacuation / outside help is required, he will declare the situation as major emergency.
EVACUATION: On declaration of major emergency the Office staffs, workmen shall rush out through the safe passages and assemble at the assembly points after getting the information from their supervisors / In-charge. Points to be noted while evacuating the workplace.
Do not panic.
Do not waste your time in switching off computers / collecting your belongings.
Do not run, walk brisk.
Do not try to overtake / push others while Getting out.
Always walk on the left side of the staircase.
Assemble at the designated assembly points in your department queue.
Come out through the emergency Exit which is nearest to your work place.
Notes:
* In case of fire / smoke, crawl to escape. Use a wet handkerchief to cover your nose.
* In case of earthquake, move out of the complex, to the nearest open area.
* In case of earthquake, do not stand near glass windows and walls.
CONTROLLING THE SITUATION :
Main incident controller will assess the situation of emergency and direct the operations to control the situation. He will also direct both emergency and plant shutdown operations.
All emergency coordinator will start the emergency control operation under the guidance of Works Main Controller in accordance with duties and responsibilities assigned to them.
Fire and rescue team will start fire fighting, rescue and fogging operations as necessary.
Depending upon the situation, Main Controller will decide to inform and liaise with external authorities and neighbouring industries for help.
Attention to injured: The Plant first aiders will immediately by summoned for giving first aid to the injured and they should arrange for hospitalization of the victim on the guidance of medical coordinator.
Engineering team will: Ensure electrical / mechanical isolation.
Firefighting operation: Trained firefighting workers and Security staff shall start fire-fighting Operation with the general guidance of Safety / Security Officer.
Security Service will:
Stop unauthorized entry.
I. Introduction
A. Definition of CPR
1. Explanation of what CPR stands for
2. Definition of CPR as a life-saving technique
B. Importance of CPR
1. Statistics on cardiac arrest and survival rates
2. Explanation of why CPR is crucial for saving lives
C. Objective of the manual
1. Explanation of what readers will learn from the manual
2. Statement of the manual's purpose
II. Getting Started with CPR
A. Assessing the situation
1. Importance of assessing the situation before starting CPR
2. Factors to consider when assessing the situation
B. Checking for responsiveness
1. Explanation of how to check for responsiveness
2. Importance of checking for responsiveness
C. Activating the emergency response system
1. Explanation of when to activate the emergency response system
2. Step-by-step guide to activating the emergency response system
III. Basic Life Support Techniques
A. Key components of basic life support
1. Explanation of the components of basic life support
2. Importance of each component
B. The ABCs of CPR
1. Explanation of the ABCs of CPR
2. Importance of each step in the ABCs of CPR
C. Performing chest compressions
1. Explanation of how to perform chest compressions
2. Importance of proper chest compression technique
D. Delivering rescue breaths
1. Explanation of how to deliver rescue breaths
2. Importance of proper rescue breath technique
E. Utilizing an automated external defibrillator (AED)
1. Explanation of what an AED is and how it works
2. Step-by-step guide to using an AED
F. Administering medications during CPR
1. Explanation of medications used during CPR
2. Dosages and administration guidelines for each medication
IV. Advanced Life Support Techniques
A. Advanced airway management
1. Explanation of advanced airway management techniques
2. Importance of advanced airway management in CPR
B. Advanced monitoring techniques
1. Explanation of advanced monitoring techniques
2. Importance of advanced monitoring in CPR
C. Invasive interventions
1. Explanation of invasive interventions
2. Importance of invasive interventions in CPR
D. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
1. Explanation of ECMO
2. Importance of ECMO in CPR
V. Improving Outcomes in CPR
A. Factors influencing CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of factors that influence CPR outcomes
2. Importance of understanding these factors
B. Strategies for improving CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of strategies for improving CPR outcomes
2. Importance of implementing these strategies
C. The role of high-quality CPR in improving outcomes
1. Explanation of what high-quality CPR is
2. Importance of performing high-quality CPR
VI. Special Considerations in CPR
A. CPR in special populations
1. Explanation of special populations that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
B. CPR in special settings
1. Explanation of special settings that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
C. CPR during a pandemic
1
Mastering Life-Saving Skills First Aid Course with CPR C AED.pdfSuperStudyLearningCe
Emergencies are unforeseeable, but preparedness is within reach. In a world where accidents can happen anytime, anywhere, having the knowledge and skills to administer initial medical care can be the difference between life and death. One of the most valuable investments individuals can make in their own safety and that of others is by enrolling in a comprehensive first aid course.
On getting the information and after assessment of the situation with section in-charge (Site incident controller) the security in-charge will sound the emergency siren / announce the situation.
Section in-charge and / or security in-charge will alert all sections in the vicinity of emergency site.
Site incident controller and / or security in-charge will inform the main incident controller, emergency coordinator and essential personnel on telephone with the help of telephone list. Telephone list is available in the Gate / Security Office.
The person giving the information should have clear idea and full details regarding the incident, and then only he shall be able to ask for proper help.
Incident controller will made efforts to control the emergency at plant level and make the assessment of emergency situation. In case the emergency situation is not controllable at section / plant level and evacuation / outside help is required, he will declare the situation as major emergency.
EVACUATION: On declaration of major emergency the Office staffs, workmen shall rush out through the safe passages and assemble at the assembly points after getting the information from their supervisors / In-charge. Points to be noted while evacuating the workplace.
Do not panic.
Do not waste your time in switching off computers / collecting your belongings.
Do not run, walk brisk.
Do not try to overtake / push others while Getting out.
Always walk on the left side of the staircase.
Assemble at the designated assembly points in your department queue.
Come out through the emergency Exit which is nearest to your work place.
Notes:
* In case of fire / smoke, crawl to escape. Use a wet handkerchief to cover your nose.
* In case of earthquake, move out of the complex, to the nearest open area.
* In case of earthquake, do not stand near glass windows and walls.
CONTROLLING THE SITUATION :
Main incident controller will assess the situation of emergency and direct the operations to control the situation. He will also direct both emergency and plant shutdown operations.
All emergency coordinator will start the emergency control operation under the guidance of Works Main Controller in accordance with duties and responsibilities assigned to them.
Fire and rescue team will start fire fighting, rescue and fogging operations as necessary.
Depending upon the situation, Main Controller will decide to inform and liaise with external authorities and neighbouring industries for help.
Attention to injured: The Plant first aiders will immediately by summoned for giving first aid to the injured and they should arrange for hospitalization of the victim on the guidance of medical coordinator.
Engineering team will: Ensure electrical / mechanical isolation.
Firefighting operation: Trained firefighting workers and Security staff shall start fire-fighting Operation with the general guidance of Safety / Security Officer.
Security Service will:
Stop unauthorized entry.
I. Introduction
A. Definition of CPR
1. Explanation of what CPR stands for
2. Definition of CPR as a life-saving technique
B. Importance of CPR
1. Statistics on cardiac arrest and survival rates
2. Explanation of why CPR is crucial for saving lives
C. Objective of the manual
1. Explanation of what readers will learn from the manual
2. Statement of the manual's purpose
II. Getting Started with CPR
A. Assessing the situation
1. Importance of assessing the situation before starting CPR
2. Factors to consider when assessing the situation
B. Checking for responsiveness
1. Explanation of how to check for responsiveness
2. Importance of checking for responsiveness
C. Activating the emergency response system
1. Explanation of when to activate the emergency response system
2. Step-by-step guide to activating the emergency response system
III. Basic Life Support Techniques
A. Key components of basic life support
1. Explanation of the components of basic life support
2. Importance of each component
B. The ABCs of CPR
1. Explanation of the ABCs of CPR
2. Importance of each step in the ABCs of CPR
C. Performing chest compressions
1. Explanation of how to perform chest compressions
2. Importance of proper chest compression technique
D. Delivering rescue breaths
1. Explanation of how to deliver rescue breaths
2. Importance of proper rescue breath technique
E. Utilizing an automated external defibrillator (AED)
1. Explanation of what an AED is and how it works
2. Step-by-step guide to using an AED
F. Administering medications during CPR
1. Explanation of medications used during CPR
2. Dosages and administration guidelines for each medication
IV. Advanced Life Support Techniques
A. Advanced airway management
1. Explanation of advanced airway management techniques
2. Importance of advanced airway management in CPR
B. Advanced monitoring techniques
1. Explanation of advanced monitoring techniques
2. Importance of advanced monitoring in CPR
C. Invasive interventions
1. Explanation of invasive interventions
2. Importance of invasive interventions in CPR
D. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
1. Explanation of ECMO
2. Importance of ECMO in CPR
V. Improving Outcomes in CPR
A. Factors influencing CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of factors that influence CPR outcomes
2. Importance of understanding these factors
B. Strategies for improving CPR outcomes
1. Explanation of strategies for improving CPR outcomes
2. Importance of implementing these strategies
C. The role of high-quality CPR in improving outcomes
1. Explanation of what high-quality CPR is
2. Importance of performing high-quality CPR
VI. Special Considerations in CPR
A. CPR in special populations
1. Explanation of special populations that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
B. CPR in special settings
1. Explanation of special settings that require unique CPR techniques
2. Importance of understanding these unique CPR techniques
C. CPR during a pandemic
1
Health Education on prevention of hypertensionRadhika kulvi
Hypertension is a chronic condition of concern due to its role in the causation of coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is a worldwide epidemic and important risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke and renal diseases. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels and is sufficient to maintain tissue perfusion during activity and rest. Hypertension is sustained elevation of BP. In adults, HTN exists when systolic blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140mmHg or diastolic BP is equal to or greater than 90mmHg. The
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
1. Page 1 of 2
AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFRIBILLATOR (AED)
I. Purpose
To establish standards and practices for the use and maintenance of
Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs).
II. General
An AED is a medical device designed to analyze the heart rhythm and
deliver an electronic shock to victims in an effort to restore the heart rhythm
to normal. Most cardiac arrests are due to abnormal heart rhythms called
arrhythmias. An arrhythmia can be described as the heart’s electrical impulses
suddenly become chaotic and ineffective. Blood flow to the brain stops
abruptly; the victim then collapses and quickly loses consciousness. Death
usually follows unless a normal heart rhythm is restored within minutes.
III. Guidance
A. Training
1. Licensed nurses will receive basic life support (BLS) level
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training:
a. At hire, if not currently certified, or
b. As required for re-certification.
2. Team members will be trained to provide defibrillationwith the
AED using manufacturer’s training materials:
a. At initial hiring
b. Annually thereafter
3. Training in both CPR and AED usage and competency to perform
the same will be maintained for each individual team member:
a. Upon hire and annually for AED operation
b. At expiration of current CPR certification
B. Maintenance
Team member, as assigned by the Director of Nursing will test and
document the operating status of the AED in accordance with existing
facility emergency equipment schedules or manufacturer’s guidelines.
Each time the crash cart is checked, the team member is to check for
the presence of the green light that signifies unit is on and validate
pads are not expired.
2. Page 2 of 2
C. Usage of AED
An AED may be used in the following circumstances:
1. Witnessed or un-witnessed collapse of:
a. Resident without an advance directive, DNR, or
Livings Will that does note decline resuscitative
measures
b. Visitor, vendor, or contract provider
c. Team member
AND
2. CPR efforts are in progress, or
3. The initial responder determines CPR is necessary
4. The initial responder will direct the 2nd
responder to call 911 and
retrieve or have others retrieve the AED
5. The AED equipment (pads/electrodes) will be applied and used
per manufacturer’s instructions.
6. Follow manufacture’s defibrillationinstructions
7. CPR and other resuscitative measures are to continue until
relievedby EMS personnel
D. Non-Usage of AEDs
An AED is not to be used for a resident under the following
circumstances:
1. The resident has one of the following:
- valid DNR
- valid Living Will that declines resuscitative measures
- other state approved advance directive that declines
resuscitative measures
OR
2. The resident, visitor, vendor, contract provider or team member
has:
- signs of irreversible death
- decapitation
- decomposition*
- rigor mortis* or dependent lividity*
*May be determined by an RN or LVN charge nurse, licensed
personnel only