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Einstein lecture on big bang cosmology
This Lecture was delivered during International Year of Physics (2005) in GNDU Amritsar and other universities under the aegis of IAPT programme of Promotion of Physics, as President of IAPT (Indian Association of Physics Teachers).
Einstein lecture on big bang cosmology
Lecture delivered at GND University Amritsar during 2005 to celebrate International Year of Physics.
From nothing to everything: Formation of universe
A hypothetical theory based on how the universe is formed from absolute nothing, What leds to the creation of universe, and what leds to its journey towards abosolute nothing by black hole formation. And again form a new universe.
1.The original Big Bang model had three major problems.The ‘.docx
1.
The original Big Bang model had three major problems.
The ‘fix’ that solved them is known as_____.
2.
When light from a hot solid, liquid, or dense gas passes through a cooler gas, it will produce a/an ____ spectrum.
3.
One name that has been given the mysterious force apparently responsible for driving the acceleration of the universe’s expansion is____.
4.
The area on the H-R diagram where “normal” stars can be found is known as the ____.
5.
Although Copernicus’ model of the solar system correctly placed the sun at the center, it still provided inaccurate predictions because it maintained that the planets’ orbits were ____.
6.
A spiral galaxy like the Milky Way has three major components: the disk, the bulge, and the ____.
7.
The more massive a white dwarf is, the (larger/smaller)____ its diameter will be.
8.
The strength of an objects gravitational pull on another is determined by its ____ and the distance between them.
9.
Comparing a yellow star, a blue star, and a red star, we could determine just from color that the hottest star was the ____ one.
10.
Rotation curves of spiral galaxies show that stars’ orbital speeds don’t drop off with distance from the galactic center as expected, and thus imply the existence of ____.
11.
The main sequence includes the following kinds of stars:
a.
Hot, blue, small, massive ones and cool, red, large, low-mass ones
b.
Hot, blue, large, massive ones and cool, red, small, low-mass ones
c.
Hot, red, small massive ones and cool, blue, large, low-mass ones
d.
Hot, red, large, massive ones and cool, blue, small low-mass ones
12.
Which of the following was not an era in the history of the universe?
a.
Planck
b.
Nucleosynthesis
c.
Gravitation
d.
Galaxies
13.
The phases of the moon are caused by
a.
The change of the moon’s distance to Earth during its orbit.
b.
The different face the moon turns toward Earth during its orbit.
c.
The alignment of the Earth/moon/sun system casting shadows on the moon’s surface.
d.
The alignment of the Earth/moon/sun system making a different portion of the moon’s daylight side visible to Earth.
14.
Spectra help us determine the composition of astronomical objects because
a.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different set of spectral lines.
b.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different peak wavelength.
c.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different redshift.
d.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different brightness.
15.
Dark energy is the most important factor in the ____ universe scenario for the fate of the universe.
a.
Accelerating
b.
Coasting
c.
Critical
d.
Recollapsing
16.
The outer planets are more massive than the inner planets because
a.
There were ices as well as rock and metal from which they could form.
b.
They gained mass fast enough to capture gas from the solar nebula.
c.
Both of the above.
d.
Neither of the above.
17.
The three basic types of galaxies are
a.
Spiral, elliptical, and dwarf
b.
Spiral, elliptical, and irr ...
Name Habitable Zones – Student GuideExercisesPlease r.docx
Name:
Habitable Zones – Student Guide
Exercises
Please read through the background pages entitled Life, Circumstellar Habitable Zones, and The Galactic Habitable Zone before working on the exercises using simulations below.
Circumstellar Zones
Open the Circumstellar Zone Simulator. There are four main panels:
· The top panel simulation displays a visualization of a star and its planets looking down onto the plane of the solar system. The habitable zone is displayed for the particular star being simulated. One can click and drag either toward the star or away from it to change the scale being displayed.
· The General Settings panel provides two options for creating standards of reference in the top panel.
· The Star and Planets Setting and Properties panel allows one to display our own star system, several known star systems, or create your own star-planet combinations in the none-selected mode.
· The Timeline and Simulation Controls allows one to demonstrate the time evolution of the star system being displayed.
The simulation begins with our Sun being displayed as it was when it formed and a terrestrial planet at the position of Earth. One can change the planet’s distance from the Sun either by dragging it or using the planet distance slider.
Note that the appearance of the planet changes depending upon its location. It appears quite earth-like when inside the circumstellar habitable zone (hereafter CHZ). However, when it is dragged inside of the CHZ it becomes “desert-like” while outside it appears “frozen”.
Question 1: Drag the planet to the inner boundary of the CHZ and note this distance from the Sun. Then drag it to the outer boundary and note this value. Lastly, take the difference of these two figures to calculate the “width” of the sun’s primordial CHZ.
CHZ Inner Boundary
CHZ Outer Boundary
Width of CHZ
NAAP – Habitable Zones 1/7
Question 2: Let’s explore the width of the CHZ for other stars. Complete the table below for stars with a variety of masses.
Star Mass (M )
Star Luminosity (L )
CHZ Inner Boundary (AU)
CHZ Outer Boundary (AU)
Width of CHZ (AU)
0.3
0.7
1.0
2.0
4.0
8.0
15.0
Question 3: Using the table above, what general conclusion can be made regarding the location of the CHZ for different types of stars?
Question 4: Using the table above, what general conclusion can be made regarding the width of the CHZ for different types of stars?
Exploring Other Systems
Begin by selecting the system 51 Pegasi. This was the first planet discovered around a star using the radial velocity technique. This technique detects systematic shifts in the wavelengths of absorption lines in the star’s spectra over time due to the motion of the star around the star-planet center of mass. The planet orbiting 51 Pegasi has a mass of at least half Jupiter’s mass.
Question 5: Zoom out so that you can compare this planet to those in our solar system (you can click-hold-drag to change t ...
Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse An Institutional.docx
Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse: An Institutionalist Approach, by Lambach and Johais (2015) and Globalization, Terrorism and the State by Demir and Varlik (2015), which is required reading for this week. Respond to the following:
· What is the connection between failed (now referred to as fragile) states and terrorism and other forms of political violence?
· Provide an example of a failed/fragile state that is associated with terrorism.
· In addition to terrorism and other forms of political violence, what other problems are generally associated with failed/fragile states?
· What can or should the international community do to address this issue?
Module 03 – Physical Characteristics of Planets
The planets of the Solar System can be divided into two major classes, terrestrial and Jovian planets, but each planet has their own interesting characteristics. With the Stellarium planetarium software, you can get a close up view of the planets and see their features for yourself.
Background Question – Describe three characteristics of a planet that you think you could measure from visual observations.
Object: Explain the purpose of this laboratory assignment in your own words. What do you think you will accomplish or learn from this exercise?
Hypothesis: Write a simple hypothesis connected to planetary features that you will be able to test using the Stellarium software (for example, Jovian planets have faster rotation period than terrestrial planets)
Procedure:
1) Open the Stellarium software. Open the location window (F6) and change the planet to the Sun. This will change our observing location to the center of our Solar System.
2) Open the Sky and Viewing options window (F4). Under the “Sky” tab, uncheck the Atmosphere, Stars, and Dynamic eye adaption. Check “Show planet markers” and “Show planet orbits”.
3) Select the Landscape tab and uncheck “Show ground”.
4) Open the Search window (F3) and enter in Mercury. The view should shift such that the Mercury is in the center of the screen. As long as Mercury is actively select, it will remain in your field of view as you advance time.
5) In the table below, make note of the visible features of Mercury. This can include over color, surface features such as craters or ice caps, presence of an atmosphere and cloud structure, and any visible moons orbiting the planet. You can also advance time and try to observe in the planet has a faster or slow rotation.
6) Repeat your observer with each of the eight planets. You can use the Search window (F3) to shift your view to each planet.
Planet
Color
Atmosphere (yes/no)
Surface Features
Rotation Speed
Any Moons
Q1 In your opinion, which planet had the most distinct appearance?
Q2: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to have the most moons?
Q3: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to have the fastest rotation?
Q4: Di ...
Sci 151 final exam set 2
For more course tutorials visit
uophelp.com is now newtonhelp.com
www.newtonhelp.com
Please check all question included in this tutorial below
SCI 151 Final Exam
1. The Sun, Moon, and the Planets follow an imaginary line through the sky called the ecliptic. The reason this occurs is that
2. Another name for Sirius is the ____Brightest (Dog) Star________. This star is located __8.6_____ Light years from Earth
3. Select the best answer. When it is Dec 21 on Earth.
4. When the Moon lies directly between the Earth and the Sun the Phase of the Moon at that time is called ____ _____ and it is possible at that time to have an event called a _____ _________
Sci 151 final exam set 2
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
Please check all question included in this tutorial below
SCI 151 Final Exam
1. The Sun, Moon, and the Planets follow an imaginary line through the sky called the ecliptic. The reason this occurs is that
2. Another name for Sirius is the ____Brightest (Dog) Star________. This star is located __8.6_____ Light years from Earth
3. Select the best answer. When it is Dec 21 on Earth.
The purpose of this lab is to explore basic properties of the Jovian.docx
The purpose of this lab is to explore basic properties of the Jovian planets and to examine geologic processes on some of the larger moons of the outer solar system.
Part 1: A Comparison of Planetary Sizes
Background
As we saw last week, a basic property of planets is their size. To compare sizes, we can compare the diameter (distance from one side to the other) of one planet to another, or we can compare the radius (half the diameter) of one planet to another.
Graphing All the Major Planets
Table 1. The average diameters* of the planets in our solar system in kilometers (km)
MercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptune487912,10412,7426779139,822116,46450,72449,244
*Data source:
AstronomyNotes.com
Size comparison is better shown graphically than with numbers. You have already done this for the terrestrial planets in last week's lab.
The image above shows an example of what you will be doing. Remember scientific notation. The numbers on the axes are 0; 20,000; 40,000; and 60,000; and refer to kilometers. In order to plot a circle representing a planet with a 70,000 km diameter, I first took the radius (35,000 which is half the diameter), moved along the x-axis to 35,000, and drew a line up from zero that was 70,000 units long. Then I repeated this for the y-axis and sketched in the circle around the “+” that I’d drawn. Detail about drawing the circles were shown in the video last week.
Table 1 gives the average diameters for the planets in our solar system in kilometers. Use this data to plot circles representing the different planets to their correct sizes on the graph paper provided (
.png version
;
.docx version
; and
.pdf version
). Use a different color for each circle. Clearly identify which circle corresponds to which planet (labels or keys to colors). When you have finished, upload your completed graph to the correct assignment box.
Figure 1. Example of graph paper used for plotting planet sizes. Links to downloadable
.png
,
.docx
, and
.pdf
versions.
UPLOAD TO
ASSIGNMENT BOX
FOR LAB 5 - Solar-System-Planet-Sizes
Upload your diagram to the Assignment Box—name your files: [Yourlastname]_Solar_System_Planet_Sizes
In addition to looking at a graphical representation, we sometimes compare objects by saying how many times larger or smaller one is relative to the other. For example: If one student is 5.5 feet tall, and another is 6 feet tall, then we can say that the taller student is 1.1 times taller than the shorter student or that the shorter student is 0.92 times shorter than the taller student. This is done by simply dividing one number into another.
Lab 5: Question 1
Jupiter and Saturn are similar in size, but Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Jupiter is _________ times larger than Saturn. Enter a number only. Use two significant figure [example, 2.2 or 22]
Lab 5: Question 2
SHORT ESSAY: Spend a bit of time looking at the graph you've created. Describe the variation that y.
More Related Content
Similar to Ast Ch 07 Ques
Einstein lecture on big bang cosmology
This Lecture was delivered during International Year of Physics (2005) in GNDU Amritsar and other universities under the aegis of IAPT programme of Promotion of Physics, as President of IAPT (Indian Association of Physics Teachers).
Einstein lecture on big bang cosmology
Lecture delivered at GND University Amritsar during 2005 to celebrate International Year of Physics.
From nothing to everything: Formation of universe
A hypothetical theory based on how the universe is formed from absolute nothing, What leds to the creation of universe, and what leds to its journey towards abosolute nothing by black hole formation. And again form a new universe.
1.The original Big Bang model had three major problems.The ‘.docx
1.
The original Big Bang model had three major problems.
The ‘fix’ that solved them is known as_____.
2.
When light from a hot solid, liquid, or dense gas passes through a cooler gas, it will produce a/an ____ spectrum.
3.
One name that has been given the mysterious force apparently responsible for driving the acceleration of the universe’s expansion is____.
4.
The area on the H-R diagram where “normal” stars can be found is known as the ____.
5.
Although Copernicus’ model of the solar system correctly placed the sun at the center, it still provided inaccurate predictions because it maintained that the planets’ orbits were ____.
6.
A spiral galaxy like the Milky Way has three major components: the disk, the bulge, and the ____.
7.
The more massive a white dwarf is, the (larger/smaller)____ its diameter will be.
8.
The strength of an objects gravitational pull on another is determined by its ____ and the distance between them.
9.
Comparing a yellow star, a blue star, and a red star, we could determine just from color that the hottest star was the ____ one.
10.
Rotation curves of spiral galaxies show that stars’ orbital speeds don’t drop off with distance from the galactic center as expected, and thus imply the existence of ____.
11.
The main sequence includes the following kinds of stars:
a.
Hot, blue, small, massive ones and cool, red, large, low-mass ones
b.
Hot, blue, large, massive ones and cool, red, small, low-mass ones
c.
Hot, red, small massive ones and cool, blue, large, low-mass ones
d.
Hot, red, large, massive ones and cool, blue, small low-mass ones
12.
Which of the following was not an era in the history of the universe?
a.
Planck
b.
Nucleosynthesis
c.
Gravitation
d.
Galaxies
13.
The phases of the moon are caused by
a.
The change of the moon’s distance to Earth during its orbit.
b.
The different face the moon turns toward Earth during its orbit.
c.
The alignment of the Earth/moon/sun system casting shadows on the moon’s surface.
d.
The alignment of the Earth/moon/sun system making a different portion of the moon’s daylight side visible to Earth.
14.
Spectra help us determine the composition of astronomical objects because
a.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different set of spectral lines.
b.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different peak wavelength.
c.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different redshift.
d.
Each element, compound, or ion has a different brightness.
15.
Dark energy is the most important factor in the ____ universe scenario for the fate of the universe.
a.
Accelerating
b.
Coasting
c.
Critical
d.
Recollapsing
16.
The outer planets are more massive than the inner planets because
a.
There were ices as well as rock and metal from which they could form.
b.
They gained mass fast enough to capture gas from the solar nebula.
c.
Both of the above.
d.
Neither of the above.
17.
The three basic types of galaxies are
a.
Spiral, elliptical, and dwarf
b.
Spiral, elliptical, and irr ...
Name Habitable Zones – Student GuideExercisesPlease r.docx
Name:
Habitable Zones – Student Guide
Exercises
Please read through the background pages entitled Life, Circumstellar Habitable Zones, and The Galactic Habitable Zone before working on the exercises using simulations below.
Circumstellar Zones
Open the Circumstellar Zone Simulator. There are four main panels:
· The top panel simulation displays a visualization of a star and its planets looking down onto the plane of the solar system. The habitable zone is displayed for the particular star being simulated. One can click and drag either toward the star or away from it to change the scale being displayed.
· The General Settings panel provides two options for creating standards of reference in the top panel.
· The Star and Planets Setting and Properties panel allows one to display our own star system, several known star systems, or create your own star-planet combinations in the none-selected mode.
· The Timeline and Simulation Controls allows one to demonstrate the time evolution of the star system being displayed.
The simulation begins with our Sun being displayed as it was when it formed and a terrestrial planet at the position of Earth. One can change the planet’s distance from the Sun either by dragging it or using the planet distance slider.
Note that the appearance of the planet changes depending upon its location. It appears quite earth-like when inside the circumstellar habitable zone (hereafter CHZ). However, when it is dragged inside of the CHZ it becomes “desert-like” while outside it appears “frozen”.
Question 1: Drag the planet to the inner boundary of the CHZ and note this distance from the Sun. Then drag it to the outer boundary and note this value. Lastly, take the difference of these two figures to calculate the “width” of the sun’s primordial CHZ.
CHZ Inner Boundary
CHZ Outer Boundary
Width of CHZ
NAAP – Habitable Zones 1/7
Question 2: Let’s explore the width of the CHZ for other stars. Complete the table below for stars with a variety of masses.
Star Mass (M )
Star Luminosity (L )
CHZ Inner Boundary (AU)
CHZ Outer Boundary (AU)
Width of CHZ (AU)
0.3
0.7
1.0
2.0
4.0
8.0
15.0
Question 3: Using the table above, what general conclusion can be made regarding the location of the CHZ for different types of stars?
Question 4: Using the table above, what general conclusion can be made regarding the width of the CHZ for different types of stars?
Exploring Other Systems
Begin by selecting the system 51 Pegasi. This was the first planet discovered around a star using the radial velocity technique. This technique detects systematic shifts in the wavelengths of absorption lines in the star’s spectra over time due to the motion of the star around the star-planet center of mass. The planet orbiting 51 Pegasi has a mass of at least half Jupiter’s mass.
Question 5: Zoom out so that you can compare this planet to those in our solar system (you can click-hold-drag to change t ...
Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse An Institutional.docx
Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse: An Institutionalist Approach, by Lambach and Johais (2015) and Globalization, Terrorism and the State by Demir and Varlik (2015), which is required reading for this week. Respond to the following:
· What is the connection between failed (now referred to as fragile) states and terrorism and other forms of political violence?
· Provide an example of a failed/fragile state that is associated with terrorism.
· In addition to terrorism and other forms of political violence, what other problems are generally associated with failed/fragile states?
· What can or should the international community do to address this issue?
Module 03 – Physical Characteristics of Planets
The planets of the Solar System can be divided into two major classes, terrestrial and Jovian planets, but each planet has their own interesting characteristics. With the Stellarium planetarium software, you can get a close up view of the planets and see their features for yourself.
Background Question – Describe three characteristics of a planet that you think you could measure from visual observations.
Object: Explain the purpose of this laboratory assignment in your own words. What do you think you will accomplish or learn from this exercise?
Hypothesis: Write a simple hypothesis connected to planetary features that you will be able to test using the Stellarium software (for example, Jovian planets have faster rotation period than terrestrial planets)
Procedure:
1) Open the Stellarium software. Open the location window (F6) and change the planet to the Sun. This will change our observing location to the center of our Solar System.
2) Open the Sky and Viewing options window (F4). Under the “Sky” tab, uncheck the Atmosphere, Stars, and Dynamic eye adaption. Check “Show planet markers” and “Show planet orbits”.
3) Select the Landscape tab and uncheck “Show ground”.
4) Open the Search window (F3) and enter in Mercury. The view should shift such that the Mercury is in the center of the screen. As long as Mercury is actively select, it will remain in your field of view as you advance time.
5) In the table below, make note of the visible features of Mercury. This can include over color, surface features such as craters or ice caps, presence of an atmosphere and cloud structure, and any visible moons orbiting the planet. You can also advance time and try to observe in the planet has a faster or slow rotation.
6) Repeat your observer with each of the eight planets. You can use the Search window (F3) to shift your view to each planet.
Planet
Color
Atmosphere (yes/no)
Surface Features
Rotation Speed
Any Moons
Q1 In your opinion, which planet had the most distinct appearance?
Q2: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to have the most moons?
Q3: Which group of planets (terrestrial or Jovian) appear to have the fastest rotation?
Q4: Di ...
Sci 151 final exam set 2
For more course tutorials visit
uophelp.com is now newtonhelp.com
www.newtonhelp.com
Please check all question included in this tutorial below
SCI 151 Final Exam
1. The Sun, Moon, and the Planets follow an imaginary line through the sky called the ecliptic. The reason this occurs is that
2. Another name for Sirius is the ____Brightest (Dog) Star________. This star is located __8.6_____ Light years from Earth
3. Select the best answer. When it is Dec 21 on Earth.
4. When the Moon lies directly between the Earth and the Sun the Phase of the Moon at that time is called ____ _____ and it is possible at that time to have an event called a _____ _________
Sci 151 final exam set 2
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
Please check all question included in this tutorial below
SCI 151 Final Exam
1. The Sun, Moon, and the Planets follow an imaginary line through the sky called the ecliptic. The reason this occurs is that
2. Another name for Sirius is the ____Brightest (Dog) Star________. This star is located __8.6_____ Light years from Earth
3. Select the best answer. When it is Dec 21 on Earth.
The purpose of this lab is to explore basic properties of the Jovian.docx
The purpose of this lab is to explore basic properties of the Jovian planets and to examine geologic processes on some of the larger moons of the outer solar system.
Part 1: A Comparison of Planetary Sizes
Background
As we saw last week, a basic property of planets is their size. To compare sizes, we can compare the diameter (distance from one side to the other) of one planet to another, or we can compare the radius (half the diameter) of one planet to another.
Graphing All the Major Planets
Table 1. The average diameters* of the planets in our solar system in kilometers (km)
MercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptune487912,10412,7426779139,822116,46450,72449,244
*Data source:
AstronomyNotes.com
Size comparison is better shown graphically than with numbers. You have already done this for the terrestrial planets in last week's lab.
The image above shows an example of what you will be doing. Remember scientific notation. The numbers on the axes are 0; 20,000; 40,000; and 60,000; and refer to kilometers. In order to plot a circle representing a planet with a 70,000 km diameter, I first took the radius (35,000 which is half the diameter), moved along the x-axis to 35,000, and drew a line up from zero that was 70,000 units long. Then I repeated this for the y-axis and sketched in the circle around the “+” that I’d drawn. Detail about drawing the circles were shown in the video last week.
Table 1 gives the average diameters for the planets in our solar system in kilometers. Use this data to plot circles representing the different planets to their correct sizes on the graph paper provided (
.png version
;
.docx version
; and
.pdf version
). Use a different color for each circle. Clearly identify which circle corresponds to which planet (labels or keys to colors). When you have finished, upload your completed graph to the correct assignment box.
Figure 1. Example of graph paper used for plotting planet sizes. Links to downloadable
.png
,
.docx
, and
.pdf
versions.
UPLOAD TO
ASSIGNMENT BOX
FOR LAB 5 - Solar-System-Planet-Sizes
Upload your diagram to the Assignment Box—name your files: [Yourlastname]_Solar_System_Planet_Sizes
In addition to looking at a graphical representation, we sometimes compare objects by saying how many times larger or smaller one is relative to the other. For example: If one student is 5.5 feet tall, and another is 6 feet tall, then we can say that the taller student is 1.1 times taller than the shorter student or that the shorter student is 0.92 times shorter than the taller student. This is done by simply dividing one number into another.
Lab 5: Question 1
Jupiter and Saturn are similar in size, but Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Jupiter is _________ times larger than Saturn. Enter a number only. Use two significant figure [example, 2.2 or 22]
Lab 5: Question 2
SHORT ESSAY: Spend a bit of time looking at the graph you've created. Describe the variation that y.
Similar to Ast Ch 07 Ques (20)
1.The original Big Bang model had three major problems.The ‘.docx
1.The original Big Bang model had three major problems.The ‘.docx
Name Habitable Zones – Student GuideExercisesPlease r.docx
Name Habitable Zones – Student GuideExercisesPlease r.docx
Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse An Institutional.docx
Read the articles Conceptualising State Collapse An Institutional.docx
The purpose of this lab is to explore basic properties of the Jovian.docx
The purpose of this lab is to explore basic properties of the Jovian.docx
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People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
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Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
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Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
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Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations20240609 QFM020 Irresponsible AI Reading List May 2024
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Ast Ch 07 Ques
- 1. Astronomy: A Self-Teaching Guide Ch. 07: The Universe 1. Define: Cosmology 2. What are two basic models of the universe? 3. When we look into space we see galaxies receding from us. What does this observation imply about the universe? 4. In the Hubble diagram (right), the ____________________ a galaxy’s distance, the ____________________ is its velocity of recession. 5. Describe the Big Bang theory. 6. Compare the open and closed universe concepts. Open Universe Closed Universe 7. Match the letters in the open universe diagram to the following description: _____ Big Bang explosion took place _____ Galaxies are still receding _____ Galaxies formed _____ Original hydrogen used up, the resulting cold, black universe will continue expanding indefinitely
- 2. 8. Match the letters in the open universe diagram to the following description: _____ Big Bang occurred _____ Galaxies formed and continued to recede _____ Galaxies will stop _____ Matter will be crunched together again (Big Crunch) _____ The universe will contract; galaxies will fall back inward _____ We live in an expanding universe; galaxies are racing away from one another today 9. What is the oscillating universe? 10. What is the mysterious dark energy? 11. Describe the steady state theory. 12. Why does the observation of galactic evolution support the Big Bang theory? 13. The ____________________ known stars consist of mainly ____________________ and helium and lack heavier elements. Newer stars contain heavy elements recycled from older generations of ____________________ that died and ejected their contents into space during ____________________ explosions 14. What is the significance of the cosmic background radiation?
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