This document discusses several topics related to history and geopolitics in Asia: 1. It describes two influential Indonesian organizations, NahdlatulUlema and Muhammadiyah, which have different approaches to religion and civil society. 2. It provides a brief overview of the Mughal Empire in India from the 1500s to 1720s, noting its role in uniting different regions and its significance. 3. It discusses China and India's competing interests in Burma related to trade routes and energy pipelines, and their differing approaches to the country's repressive regime. 4. It outlines environmental challenges facing Bangladesh like rising sea levels, salinity issues harming crops, and

1. Raymond DichWorld History 5Professor ArguelloMonsoonRobert D. Kaplan

2. Two organizations played a significant role in IndonesiaOne is NahdlatulUlema, which was form out of concern for fundamentalist influences that began to enter Indonesia in 1926-It is traditional and conservative, it supports civil society and it is inclusiveThe second one is called Muhammadiyah, which focuses in literalism, a return to written words of Korean and it is a radical organization. -It is very popular among young professionalsIndonesia’s prominent Organizations

3. Mughals ruled India and parts of Central Asia from early 1500s to 1720Mughal was the Persian and Arabic form of MongolIt was an extraordinary case of globalization in the pre-modern periodDelhi was one of the richest and most populous cities under Mughal emperorsThe empire bring together unity by uniting Sindh and Gujarat and Central Asia and he Subcontinent.Mughal Empire’s Significance

4. Both China and India has great interest in BurmaChina wants to operate through shipping routes in the Indian ocean, needs to acquire Burma to keep the trade stableIndia wants to build its own energy pipeline with the network through BurmaChina has supported the repressive military regime in the Burma in order to establish cordial relations to tradeIndia condemned Burma’s repression and does not want Chinese influence to spread around the countryIssues with Burma

5. 150 million people in Bangladesh are affected by any slight variation in the climate-global warmingThe rise of the sea-level can devastate millions of peopleSalinity in Bangladesh kills crops and trees-lack of fresh river waterBoth India and China are interested in Bangladesh for the trade route between themThe Bangladesh NGOs are aware of the country’s environmental problems and are meeting with the international community to address the problemBangladesh’s Unstable Environment