hotel

1. Assessment task 1 – Written questions
Question 1
a. Name the sectors which are seenas comprising the sevenpillars/structure of the
hospitality industry.
 Accommodation
 Adventure and Recreation
 Attractions
 Events and Conference
 Food and Beverages
 Tourism and Services
 Transportation
 Travel Trade
b. Name seven departments that commonly exist in a large, international-style hotel.
 Housekeeping Department.
 Engineering Department.
 Front Office Department.
 Accounting Department.
 Human Resource Department.
 Security Department.
 Food and Beverage Department.
c. What is the name of the document that outlines the relationship between departments
and roles in an organisation?
The two types of organizational chart formats that are most often used are hierarchical and flat.
Hierarchical is the most common and it shows the ranking of individuals based on their role in
the company in a descending vertical order. A flat format, also known as a "horizontal"
organizational chart, places all individuals on the same level, and is indicative of an autonomous
decision-making ability where this power is equally shared.

2. Flat — also known as a "horizontal" chart, the flat org chart positions individuals on the same
level, indicating more power equality and autonomous decision-making ability than is typical
with employees in hierarchical corporations.
Matrix — this more complicated organizational structure group’s individuals by their common
skill-sets, the departments in which they work, and the people they may report to. Matrix charts
often interconnect employees and teams with more than one manager, such as a software
developer who is working on two projects—one with their regular team manager, and another
with a separate product manager. In this scenario, the matrix chart would connect the software
developer to each manager they are working with, with vertical lines.
Divisional — this chart subdivides the company based on some specific criteria. It could be by
product lines offered or geographic regions. An example would be an auto manufacturer
organizing its company by product type. The respective divisions would have a certain
autonomy but this would likely incur additional overhead cost.
Question 2
a. Research what is a supply chain and describe the supply chain for a hotel and what
does it include?
This incorporates material and data streams both all over inventory network. Hence store
network incorporates an entire swarm of frameworks, for example, frameworks the board,
activities and gathering, buying, creation plan, request handling, stock administration,
transportation, warehousing, and client care.
Question 3
a. In order, write the links in the hospitality supply chain from the producer through to
the final consumer.
Supplier > supplier relationship > receiving/storage > operations and services > customer
relations > customers
b. What is the difference between a ‘retailer’, a ‘wholesaler’ and an ‘agent/agency’?

3.  Retailer or shipper is an element that sells products like apparel, food, vehicles.
Straightforwardly to customers through different dissemination channels determined to
procure a benefit. In general, retailer don't fabricate the products they sells.
 Distributer is a firm that purchase an enormous amount of products from different
makers or merchants, distribution centers them and exchanges to retailers.
 Basically, the thing that matters is one of items possession. While a specialist sells item
on your benefit that you proceed to possess and receipt a definitive client for, wholesaler
take responsibility for item and sell on to their own clients.
Question 4
a. Marketing’ may be defined as the ways in which businesses advertise, promote or sell
their products and services. What marketing networks are available to the hospitality
industry for them to market their goods and services?
 Social media
 flyers, magazines
 TV and radio
 public relations strategies
Question 5
a. Provide three reasons why managers, supervisors and workers in the hospitality
industry should develop professional networks with other hospitality businesses,
associations and personnel.
 To acquire certainty as they construct these associations they will be more positive about
their capacity to organize.

4.  To acquire Knowledge Through systems administration, they will get the opportunity to
collaborate with individuals in the friendliness and the travel industry who are further
along in their professions than them.
 To acquire open doors after they gain certainty, started companionships and laid out their
standing then they will begin to see an increment in open doors.
Question 6
a. Go to the following link and read through the Australian Hotels Association website:
http://aha.org.au/
What is the purpose of the AHA?
The AHA's role is to further and protect the interests of its members throughout Australia which
are employers and can be owners, operators or lessees of hotels, bars and other hospitality
businesses.
b. In your own words, discuss the benefits of becoming a member of a professional
industry association.
They may offer events, conferences, and opportunities for networking and professional
development. Members can also use the association to research on areas of practice, quality and
innovation
Question 7
a. List three professional networking activities and/or events.
 Structured Events
 Online forums and platforms.
 Conferences and lunches.
b. List four ways that professional contact can be established and maintained with
customers and suppliers.

5.  Communication regularly
 Show loyalty
 Understand the need of the supplier and customers
 Timely feedback.
Question 8
a. Discuss the benefits of social media as a means of communication and business
promotion.
Social media is one of the most cost-efficient digital marketing methods used to syndicate
content and increase business visibility. Implementing a social media strategy will increase
brand recognition since business will be engaging with a broad audience of consumers. Without
marketing business on social media, business inbound traffic id limited to their usual customers.
The people familiar with the brand are likely searching for the same keywords that already rank
for.
b. Describe the concept of cooperative promotions and how this can assist with
advertising costs.
It is an agreement between two or more marketers with complementary products or different
seasonal sales cycles to promote or sell each other’s products with their own. One of the primary
advantages of cooperative advertising is the ability to lower the advertising costs be sharing
them with other companies. For example, your business can team up with another local retailer
that sells products that are complimentary to yours to take out a full page ad in your local
Newspaper. Sharing costs means that you are only responsible for half the price, but you still
get the exposure by a full page Newspaper ad.
Question 9
a. List six principles of effective business negotiation.
 Prepare for the negotiation
 Develop a strategy to use in the process
 Predict the problems that may occur and plan how to respond

6.  Research the other side and what they want or offer
 Focus on facts not emotion
 Know what is required as the outcome for the organization.
Question 10
a. Provide a definition for each of the following strategies, which can be used in
negotiation.
Problem solving
Problem solving strategy contemplates that each side in a negotiation will seek to satisfy its own
interests and that each side should collaborate with the other parties to define and solve the
problem between them.
Contending
Contending refers to persuading your negotiating party to concede to your outcome if you are
bargaining in one-off negotiations or over major ‘wins’ yielding – conceding a point that is not
vital to you but it important to the other party; valuable in ongoing negotiations.
Yielding
Yielding strategy is to not negotiate. People who use the yielding strategy typically assume other
people are more important and powerful than them, and so abase themselves by giving in at the
earliest opportunity. They put gaining the approval of others well above getting what they want
from the situation.
Compromising
Compromising is a basic negotiation process in which both parties give up something that they
want in order to get something else. In compromise situations, neither side gets all of what they
want, but they each make concessions in order to reach an agreement that is acceptable to both.
Inaction.

7. Inaction generally increase the time pressure on the parties. It is feasible strategy when the other
party is more susceptible to time pressure than the inactive party and when their resistance to
yielding is low.
Question 11
a. Explain four main points of difference between a verbal agreement made between two
people representing two organisations, and a signed paper-based contract.
Contract is an agreement between two parties that is intended to be enforceable by law. Verbal
agreements are contracts that have been agreed by spoken communication. In contracts, a
written contract is an agreement that is recorded in writing and is signed by the parties to
evidence their agreement.
Question 12
a. What are the six elements of a valid contract?
 Offer
 Acceptance
 Consideration
 Mutuality of obligation
 Competency and capacity
 In certain circumstances, a written instrument.
Question 13
a. Discuss the obligations that are imposed on one party by the terms of a contract they
have entered into
Contract obligations are those duties that each party is legally responsible for a contract
agreement. In a contract, each party exchanges something of value, whether it be a product,
services, money, etc

8. b. If one party fails to meet their obligations under a contract, what action might the other
party take?
When one party is in breach of contract, the other party is entitled to terminate the contract.
Question 14
Provide a definition for each of the following contracts.
A unilateral contract
A unilateral contract is a contract agreement in which an offer or promises to pay after the
occurrence of a specified act.
A bilateral contract
A bilateral contract is an agreement between two parties in which each side agrees to fulfill his
or her side of the bargain.
An implied contract
An implied contract-in-fact contract is a form of an implied contract formed by on-verbal
conduct, rather than by explicit words.
A conditional contract
A conditional contract is an agreement that is enforceable only if another agreement is
performed or if another specific condition is satisfied.
A ‘joint and several’ contract.
Joint and several contract is an agreement between two entities, creating an enforceable
obligation to do, or to refrain from doing, a particular thing.
Question 15
a. What is the purpose of an ‘exclusion clause’ in a contract?
An exclusion clause is a term in a contract which seeks to exclude or limit the liability of one of
its parties. For example, it may state that a party has no liability if the contract is breached or

9. alternatively seek to limit the range of remedies available or the time in which they can be
claimed.
Question 16
a. What is the purpose of inserting a ‘dispute resolution clause’ in a contract?
The purpose of a dispute resolution clause is so that parties have a clear understanding about
how any potential conflicts will be dealt with, and this can save a lot of time and money in the
long run. This is especially important in cross-border contracts, where issues like jurisdiction
are not so straight forward.
Question 17
a. Explain the following ways a contract may be terminated.
Performance.
A contract may also be terminate by performance of the parties obligations. Discharge of a
contract in this way take place when performance of the contract is compete and exact, with
reference to the terms of the contract
Discharge by agreement
A contract may also be terminated where the parties agree to bring the contract to an end.
Discharge for breach
A contract may be terminated by reason of one party’s breach of contract. Termination for
breach arises as follow: One party to the contract is in breach of contract this requires
consideration of precise obligations imposed upon the parties by the agreement and the extent
to which those obligations have been performed.

10. The breach in question is one which gives rise to the right of the innocent party to terminate in
response it must be either an antifactory breach or a repudiatory breach and the innocent party
accepts the breach rather than affirms the continued existence of the agreement.
Discharge by frustration
One of the instances in which the contract can be terminated due to frustration is when the nature
of the contract has changed between the parties because of an unforeseen event, and which also
happens to be outside the control of the contracting parties.
Question 18
a. When negotiating a business contract, you must ensure that the terms and conditions of
the contract are fair for both parties. According to Australian Consumer Law, list three
examples of terms and conditions that may be considered unfair.
 Terms that enable one party (but not another) to avoid or limit their obligations under
the contract.
 Terms that enable one party (but not another) to terminate the contract.
 Terms that penalize one party (but not another) for breaching or terminating the contract.
b. How can you ensure business relationships are established within appropriate cultural
contexts?
By acknowledging a new business partner’s perspective and views, you establish a common
ground for conducting business. Superficial agreements tend not to last. To prevent underlying
disagreements from emerging during international business negotiations. Take the time to
recognize cultural differences and accommodate them in reducing conflict and working towards
successful resolution.
c. Why is it important to make sure business relationships are established within
appropriate cultural contexts?
It is crucial to establish relationships within appropriate cultural context will promote goodwill
and trust between the organisation and its customers and its supplier.