1. The study aimed to differentiate behaviors associated with autism from those caused by deafblindness alone in people with both congenital deafblindness and profound intellectual disabilities.
2. The behaviors of 5 people with deafblindness and autism were observed and compared to 5 people with deafblindness without autism.
3. Some differences were found between the groups in social interaction behaviors like reciprocity and initiating contact, as well as communication behaviors, but not for repetitive or stereotyped behaviors.
This document discusses strategies to improve employee productivity (also known as "wrench time") in oil refinery maintenance environments through automated workforce management. It proposes a three-phased approach: 1) Optimized rostering (shift planning) to better respond to fluctuating demand. 2) Schedule optimization to ensure the right workers with the right skills and tools are assigned the right tasks. 3) Mobility to provide workers with up-to-date information in the field. These phases aim to increase wrench time from a typical 20% rate to 30% by addressing factors that reduce productivity like overstaffing, delays waiting for parts or permits, and unplanned changes that disrupt schedules. Higher wrench time can improve system performance,
MidoNet was created to solve gaps in virtual networking for OpenStack. It started as a Python tool using OpenFlow and OVS but was redesigned with a Java multi-threaded agent removing OpenFlow dependence. MidoNet focused on distributed flow state without single points of failure and provided L2/L3 networking, security groups, and VM mobility. It has since expanded to support more complex enterprise environments while remaining an open source solution.
Joshua McFarlane worked on audio and video projects at Barclaycard US including setting up a 300+ person auditorium with a 172" diagonal projection screen, a control room with a Crestron processor and Polycom/Yamaha audio equipment, a dual monitor boardroom videoconferencing suite with a Cisco codec and Crestron controls, and a 12 person videoconferencing suite with specialized furniture.
This document summarizes the operations of Midonet, an internal private cloud built by Midokura to serve its IT needs. It discusses who runs Midonet operations, what Midonet is made of (OpenStack and Neutron with Midonet), where it runs (across three isolated environments), its size and figures, common operational issues it has faced both in early days and now, and its future directions. The person running Midonet operations has over 7 years of DevOps experience across academia and industry.
Tomoe Sugihara from Midokura presented on testing efforts for MidoNet software components. Key points include:
1. MidoNet has various software components like the controller, agents, and APIs that require different types of testing like unit, integration, and end-to-end.
2. MDTS is a testing framework that allows emulating a multi-node deployment on a single host to run end-to-end connectivity tests between virtual machines.
3. The testing system uses Jenkins for CI to run unit/integration tests and MDTS end-to-end tests, and a CT pipeline to run Tempest integration tests on OpenStack with MidoNet. Future work aims to optimize
Running OpenStack and Midonet - Nobuyuki Tamaoki, Virtual Tech JapanMidoNet
During the MidoNet Community Day in Japan, Nobuyuki discussed his experience with the installer for OpenStack and MidoNet with Docker for multi-node deployment.
https://github.com/midonet/orizuru
Presenter: Nobuyuki Tamaoki, Virtual Tech Japan also writer of @IT article “Tamaoki’s OpenStack Watch"
The document discusses Cody Herriges' career journey from business school to Puppet Labs where he works on the SysOps team managing over 10 million systems, and the team's challenges with their current VMware-based infrastructure that led them to explore OpenStack and Midokura as more flexible, automatable, and scalable open source alternatives. Their goals for the new infrastructure include providing a user-friendly interface, improving availability, enabling horizontal scaling, increasing visibility, and decreasing mean time to resolution of issues.
This document discusses strategies to improve employee productivity (also known as "wrench time") in oil refinery maintenance environments through automated workforce management. It proposes a three-phased approach: 1) Optimized rostering (shift planning) to better respond to fluctuating demand. 2) Schedule optimization to ensure the right workers with the right skills and tools are assigned the right tasks. 3) Mobility to provide workers with up-to-date information in the field. These phases aim to increase wrench time from a typical 20% rate to 30% by addressing factors that reduce productivity like overstaffing, delays waiting for parts or permits, and unplanned changes that disrupt schedules. Higher wrench time can improve system performance,
MidoNet was created to solve gaps in virtual networking for OpenStack. It started as a Python tool using OpenFlow and OVS but was redesigned with a Java multi-threaded agent removing OpenFlow dependence. MidoNet focused on distributed flow state without single points of failure and provided L2/L3 networking, security groups, and VM mobility. It has since expanded to support more complex enterprise environments while remaining an open source solution.
Joshua McFarlane worked on audio and video projects at Barclaycard US including setting up a 300+ person auditorium with a 172" diagonal projection screen, a control room with a Crestron processor and Polycom/Yamaha audio equipment, a dual monitor boardroom videoconferencing suite with a Cisco codec and Crestron controls, and a 12 person videoconferencing suite with specialized furniture.
This document summarizes the operations of Midonet, an internal private cloud built by Midokura to serve its IT needs. It discusses who runs Midonet operations, what Midonet is made of (OpenStack and Neutron with Midonet), where it runs (across three isolated environments), its size and figures, common operational issues it has faced both in early days and now, and its future directions. The person running Midonet operations has over 7 years of DevOps experience across academia and industry.
Tomoe Sugihara from Midokura presented on testing efforts for MidoNet software components. Key points include:
1. MidoNet has various software components like the controller, agents, and APIs that require different types of testing like unit, integration, and end-to-end.
2. MDTS is a testing framework that allows emulating a multi-node deployment on a single host to run end-to-end connectivity tests between virtual machines.
3. The testing system uses Jenkins for CI to run unit/integration tests and MDTS end-to-end tests, and a CT pipeline to run Tempest integration tests on OpenStack with MidoNet. Future work aims to optimize
Running OpenStack and Midonet - Nobuyuki Tamaoki, Virtual Tech JapanMidoNet
During the MidoNet Community Day in Japan, Nobuyuki discussed his experience with the installer for OpenStack and MidoNet with Docker for multi-node deployment.
https://github.com/midonet/orizuru
Presenter: Nobuyuki Tamaoki, Virtual Tech Japan also writer of @IT article “Tamaoki’s OpenStack Watch"
The document discusses Cody Herriges' career journey from business school to Puppet Labs where he works on the SysOps team managing over 10 million systems, and the team's challenges with their current VMware-based infrastructure that led them to explore OpenStack and Midokura as more flexible, automatable, and scalable open source alternatives. Their goals for the new infrastructure include providing a user-friendly interface, improving availability, enabling horizontal scaling, increasing visibility, and decreasing mean time to resolution of issues.
Technical Deep Dive into MidoNet - Taku Fukushima, Developer at MidokuraMidoNet
Midolman processes network packets in 3 stages:
1. The input stage receives packets from the datapath.
2. The packet processing stage simulates packet forwarding on the virtual topology, determines the egress port, and installs flows.
3. The output stage emits packets and installs flows based on the simulations.
MidoNet 101: Face to Face with the Distributed SDNMidoNet
Midokura has made the source code for MidoNet freely available at www.midonet.org, delivering the truly open, vendor-agnostic network virtualization solution available for the OpenStack and the Docker community.
About MidoNet
Taking an overlay-based approach to network virtualization, MidoNet sits on top of any IP-connected network, and pushes the network intelligence to the edge of the network, in software. MidoNet makes it possible to build an IaaS cloud with fully virtualized and distributed scale-out L2-L4 networking.
FOSDEM 2015
Presenters: Antonio Sagliocco, Alex Bikfalvi in Midokura Engineering
This document discusses container orchestration integration between OpenStack Kuryr and Apache Mesos. It begins with introductions to Docker and Mesos, describing how they are used to distribute workloads across container hosts. It then reviews the history of networking in Docker and Mesos, how libnetwork was developed for Docker networking, and how Mesos uses IPAM and network isolator modules. Finally, it describes how OpenStack Kuryr acts as a translator between Neutron and libnetwork, allowing Neutron networking APIs to manage containers running on Mesos.
This document lists various web resources for the MidoNet community including their homepage, documentation, wiki, GitHub, blog, planet, Twitter, YouTube, mailing lists, Slack, and bug tracking sites. It also provides a quickstart command to install MidoNet using curl. Users are directed to the ask site for any questions.
Walk Through a Software Defined Everything PoCMidoNet
This document summarizes a proof of concept for a software defined everything architecture using OpenStack, Ceph, and Midonet. The objectives are to enable on-demand provisioning of resources, optimize efficiency through automatic balancing, provide isolation, maintain high availability and data consistency. The proof of concept leverages SDN, OpenStack, and software defined storage. It includes configuration details for Midonet, Ceph, and OpenStack services on the infrastructure. Lessons learned are discussed regarding each component's performance, resiliency, and operational challenges. Potential business benefits highlighted include rapid deployment, reduced costs, improved productivity and agility.
Noel Spica is seeking a position in healthcare administration or business operations that allows her to utilize her organizational and customer service skills. She has a Bachelor's degree in Health Care Systems Administration from Ferris State University and an Associate's degree from Grand Rapids Community College. Her experience includes accounts receivable work, cashiering, customer service, and an internship in a patient access department where she assisted managers and became familiar with various computer programs.
A law enforcement guide for working with individuals with autism and iddModell Consulting Group
This document provides law enforcement with guidance on communicating effectively with individuals who have autism, intellectual disabilities, or communication disabilities. It begins by emphasizing the importance of person-first language. It then provides statistics showing these individuals are at high risk for abuse and violence. The document discusses characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, communication disabilities, and intellectual disabilities. It provides tips for understanding each disability and improving communication. The goal is to help law enforcement identify abuse, get accurate information from victims, and address the needs of this vulnerable population.
10.6 Developmental Disabilities and EducationIn addition to gift.docxhyacinthshackley2629
10.6 Developmental Disabilities and Education
In addition to gifted children and those with more profound intellectual disorders, a significant number of children receive other kinds of special education services. About 6.4 million schoolchildren receive public special education services in the United States. Over 85% are related to behavioral problems (emotional disturbance) and developmental and learning disabilities (National Center for Education Statistics, 2013a). Whereas the numbers of individuals with intellectual disabilities in public schools have declined somewhat over the past two decades, those with emotional disturbances and other developmental disorders have increased dramatically. Like many other disabilities that affect children, the reason for this trend is unknown. Overall, the percentage of children enrolled in special education has increased from 8.3% in 1977 to over 13% currently. As shown in Figure 10.5, enrollment in special education has been dropping gradually since reaching a peak of 13.8% during the 2004–2005 school year.
Figure 10.5: Number of children receiving special education services
Public education services must meet the needs of all children, including those who have special needs.
Source: U.S. Department of Education.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Early impairments in communication, including speech delays and nonverbal communication (e.g., gestures, eye contact), are characteristic signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Other common markers include fixated interests, repetitive behaviors, and inflexibility over routines. Because of better screening procedures, this developmental disorder can now be identified by 18–24 months of age. A substantial proportion of children with ASD are mute, and many more attain initial language and then lose it. Recent brain imaging has discovered that ASD brains probably process voices and other social stimuli differently beginning at an early age (Grossman, Oberecker, Koch, & Friederici, 2010; Johnson, 2004; Lloyd-Fox, Johnson, & Blasi, 2013).
Courtesy of Ron Mossler
One of the characteristics of Asperger's syndrome is idiosyncratic, or uniquely peculiar, behaviors. In this writing sample from a sixth grader, Trevor refused to skip lines between spelling words. What is only barely visible (in the center of the image) is the smeared paper from Trevor's propensity to press extremely hard on his pencil.
A bit over half of all children with ASD have intellectual disabilities (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014d). The vast majority have social deficits, too, like skills needed to form friendships or to display empathy (another instance of the interaction of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains). Behavioral stereotypes like repetitive rocking or hand flapping that are indicative of ASD are often compared to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, people with OCD usually perform rituals (compulsions) in order to experience relief from their thoughts (o.
Running head ORIGINS OF LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN1O.docxjeanettehully
Running head: ORIGINS OF LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN 1
ORIGINS OF LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN 3
Origins of Language and Language and the Brain
Name:
Institution:
Date:
Introduction
Social Cognition in Apes
Arguably, the human pointing behavior significantly differs from that of ape. The differentiation manifests itself in certain ways. First, the human pointing behavior indicates that individuals hold on the ability to encode the universal system of gestures. On the contrary, the ape pointing behavior lacks the ability to encode the universal system of gestures. As a result, apes are unable to understand various crucial aspects closely related to their social cognition. For instance, due to their inability, apes are unable to understand the language and sign language of others. More so, apes are unable to comprehend the intention of others to both act in certain specific ways as well as communicate with them. It is for these reasons that when a human tends to reach for a bucket that contains a treat, the ape is more likely to reach unlike when an individual points on the bucket , as a way to signal the presence and location of the treat.
Similarly, the joint attention of humans differs from that of apes. Joint attention which is also known as shared attention refers to the shared focus of specifically two individuals on a certain object. Joint attention is achieved whenever an individual alert the other to an object through either by pointing, use of verbal or non-verbal indications or eye-gazing. Joint attention in humans differs from apes, especially on the account that the later are unable to understand the sign language of others. As such, in apes, joint attention is ineffective and when present, it encounters varying challenges, unlike in humans. The effectiveness of joint attention arises on the account that they hold the capability to comprehend the sign language of others, and two individuals are able to share the focus on a certain object with minimal challenges.
The above differences are likely to exits due to their encoding capabilities to the universal language. Despite apes and humans belonging to the primate group, the two have varying encoding capabilities to the universal language, inclusive of the sign language and universal system of gestures. It is for this reason that while the humans are able to encode the universal system of gestures the apes are unable to do so. As a result, humans are able to understand the sign language of each other while apes are unable. These differences tend to narrow down and explain the possibility of apes being unable to comprehend the intention of their members and communicate with each other.
Acquisition
Exposing deaf children to sign language at an early age has various benefits. First, doing so helps in providing deal children with the best ever chance of successful language acquisition. Supportively, in a contemporary research on the benefits ...
Lived experiences of deaf mute in ozamiz cityAlvinAnoba
This document discusses the lived experiences of deaf mutes in Ozamiz City, Philippines. It begins by introducing the five human senses and what it means to be deaf mute. It then explores some of the challenges deaf mutes face, such as lack of access to education and sign language. The study aims to understand the experiences of deaf mutes and how they communicate. It uses qualitative research methods, including interviews with deaf mute respondents in Ozamiz City. The goal is to provide knowledge to help deaf mutes face challenges and for nurses to better support them.
This proposal aims to analyze rapport management and relevance in interactions between caregivers and autistic patients in Oyo State, Nigeria. It will use a discourse analysis approach and relevance theory and rapport management theory frameworks. The study aims to identify how relevance and rapport are established and maintained in conversations between caregivers and autistic patients. Audio and video recordings of interactions at autism centers in Ibadan will be collected and categorized based on responses and effects of rapport management. The analysis will provide insight into how autistic patients communicate and manage relationships, which can help caregivers better support them. It will expand knowledge in psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis and pragmatics regarding autism spectrum disorder.
This proposal seeks to analyze rapport management and relevance in interactions between caregivers and autistic patients in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study will use discourse analysis to identify relevance and rapport management strategies used. It will examine how communication is built and relationships enhanced. Recordings of interactions at autism centers will be transcribed and categorized based on responses and effects of rapport management. The study aims to expand knowledge of autism and social aspects of language use. Relevance theory and rapport management theory will be applied to transcripts to unravel how talk is managed. Findings may help caregivers better support autistic individuals' interpersonal relationships. The methodology section outlines data collection from recordings and categorization process.
Running head AUTISM 1AUTISM 3Autism.docxjoellemurphey
Running head: AUTISM 1
AUTISM 3
Autism
Author Note
Autism
Introduction
Etiology involves the study of the causes of diseases, the cause or origin of a disease. Also involves the study of causation and any causes, caution, or causality. The etiologic classification of a disease based on the cause, when known. This classification is important and useful in the consideration of biotic disease. The disease is classified as staphylococcal, rickettsial, or fungal. This condition affects specific cells in the body because they aim at a single point. Pathogenesis is the mechanism through which the cause operates to produce the pathological and clinical manifestations. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of complex neurodevelopment disorders characterized by repetitive and characteristic patterns of behavior and difficulties with social communication and interaction. The symptoms are present from early childhood and affect daily functioning. Autism is a lifelong development disability that affects how a person communicates with, and relates to, other people. Also affects how they make sense of the world around them. The term “spectrum” refers to the wide range of symptoms, skills, and levels of disability in functioning that can occur in people with ASD. Some children and adults with ASD are fully able to perform all activities of daily living while others require substantial support to perform basic activities. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, published in 2013) includes Asperger syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) as part of ASD rather than as separate disorders. A diagnosis of ASD includes an assessment of intellectual disability and language impairment. It is a spectrum condition; all people with autism share certain difficulties that affect them in different ways. Some people with autism lead an independent life and many have accompanying difficulties. (http://www.ninds.nih.gov)
Specific cells, tissues and organs affected by Autism
The Lymphoblastic cell lines are continuously diving cells from the blood lymphocytes. These cell lines have been accepted to be the tool of examining the consequences of the genetic mutations. The cells are affected hence the blood circulation in the brain is widely hindered. This process leads to the development of disorders hence affecting the flow of blood in the body efficiently. This largely affects the brain since the cells are available in the brain. The pathologic condition hence creates the disorder in the brain hampering its function and proper operation of the brain. It therefore adversely affects the brain and the overall flow of blood. This leads to the development of deficiency in the brain because of lack of proper operation (Fiala et al., 2002).
Organ system function affected by Autism
Autism affects the social interaction and verbal communic ...
In his prologue to the Greek edition of Frith’s “Autism: Explaining the Enigma”, the paedopsychiatrist George Karantinos (1999) argues that the child with autism is not at all sly. Karantinos comments this autistic naiveness by adding that children with autism would never play to win.
Similar opinions reveal that our understanding of autism is influenced by social practices, positions, networks and privileges. Characteristically enough, the Greek Curriculum for Autism (Pedagogical Institute, 2003) supposes, with pessimism, that some children with autism will never learn to speak. And recently, Syriopoulou-Delli (2011) contends that the behaviouristic approach remains the dominant treatment of autism, even though behaviourism neglects intellectual problems. On account of such questions, autism and special education appear as complicated and serious political, ideological and social issues, where oversimplifications are absolutely inappropriate.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. The DSM-5 criteria include deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD is thought to have both genetic and environmental factors, with studies finding alterations in brain structure and connections. Treatment involves behavioral and educational therapies, while risperidone and aripiprazole have been approved to treat irritability in children with ASD.
9.1 What Is Autism Spectrum DisorderStudents with autism spectr.docxransayo
Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulties in three main areas: communication, social skills, and repetitive behaviors. They may struggle with changes in routines, have unusual sensory responses, and have difficulty understanding emotions. ASD is defined by the DSM-5 and includes autism, Asperger's syndrome, and other disorders. Students with ASD exhibit a wide range of abilities and challenges.
This slide is part of a collection of exam revision slides from Atypical Child Development. The slides have been created by me, and based on several different research papers. The slides were created for essay exam.
The document provides an overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), discussing its history and characteristics. It notes that in 1943, Kanner and Asperger separately observed children with apathetic behaviors toward family and odd repetitive movements, laying the foundation for what became known as ASD. ASD is characterized by deficits in social skills, communication, and repetitive behaviors. While prevalence varies, about 1% of the general population is estimated to be diagnosed with ASD. The disorder has a detrimental effect on society, particularly the educational system due to specialized care needs. Prior to the current classification, ASD encompassed separate diagnoses that are now considered part of the autism spectrum.
Common symptoms of memory changes in healthy aging include gradually forgetting names and event details due to declining episodic memory. Semantic memory remains intact. Working memory declines as shown by slower processing and problem solving. Additional memory loss can occur from declining senses. Compared to normal aging, pathological conditions like anterograse amnesia and semantic memory loss are more debilitating since people lose the ability to form new memories or understand objects/environment. Effective compensatory strategies for normal aging are not possible for more severe conditions.
Technical Deep Dive into MidoNet - Taku Fukushima, Developer at MidokuraMidoNet
Midolman processes network packets in 3 stages:
1. The input stage receives packets from the datapath.
2. The packet processing stage simulates packet forwarding on the virtual topology, determines the egress port, and installs flows.
3. The output stage emits packets and installs flows based on the simulations.
MidoNet 101: Face to Face with the Distributed SDNMidoNet
Midokura has made the source code for MidoNet freely available at www.midonet.org, delivering the truly open, vendor-agnostic network virtualization solution available for the OpenStack and the Docker community.
About MidoNet
Taking an overlay-based approach to network virtualization, MidoNet sits on top of any IP-connected network, and pushes the network intelligence to the edge of the network, in software. MidoNet makes it possible to build an IaaS cloud with fully virtualized and distributed scale-out L2-L4 networking.
FOSDEM 2015
Presenters: Antonio Sagliocco, Alex Bikfalvi in Midokura Engineering
This document discusses container orchestration integration between OpenStack Kuryr and Apache Mesos. It begins with introductions to Docker and Mesos, describing how they are used to distribute workloads across container hosts. It then reviews the history of networking in Docker and Mesos, how libnetwork was developed for Docker networking, and how Mesos uses IPAM and network isolator modules. Finally, it describes how OpenStack Kuryr acts as a translator between Neutron and libnetwork, allowing Neutron networking APIs to manage containers running on Mesos.
This document lists various web resources for the MidoNet community including their homepage, documentation, wiki, GitHub, blog, planet, Twitter, YouTube, mailing lists, Slack, and bug tracking sites. It also provides a quickstart command to install MidoNet using curl. Users are directed to the ask site for any questions.
Walk Through a Software Defined Everything PoCMidoNet
This document summarizes a proof of concept for a software defined everything architecture using OpenStack, Ceph, and Midonet. The objectives are to enable on-demand provisioning of resources, optimize efficiency through automatic balancing, provide isolation, maintain high availability and data consistency. The proof of concept leverages SDN, OpenStack, and software defined storage. It includes configuration details for Midonet, Ceph, and OpenStack services on the infrastructure. Lessons learned are discussed regarding each component's performance, resiliency, and operational challenges. Potential business benefits highlighted include rapid deployment, reduced costs, improved productivity and agility.
Noel Spica is seeking a position in healthcare administration or business operations that allows her to utilize her organizational and customer service skills. She has a Bachelor's degree in Health Care Systems Administration from Ferris State University and an Associate's degree from Grand Rapids Community College. Her experience includes accounts receivable work, cashiering, customer service, and an internship in a patient access department where she assisted managers and became familiar with various computer programs.
A law enforcement guide for working with individuals with autism and iddModell Consulting Group
This document provides law enforcement with guidance on communicating effectively with individuals who have autism, intellectual disabilities, or communication disabilities. It begins by emphasizing the importance of person-first language. It then provides statistics showing these individuals are at high risk for abuse and violence. The document discusses characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, communication disabilities, and intellectual disabilities. It provides tips for understanding each disability and improving communication. The goal is to help law enforcement identify abuse, get accurate information from victims, and address the needs of this vulnerable population.
10.6 Developmental Disabilities and EducationIn addition to gift.docxhyacinthshackley2629
10.6 Developmental Disabilities and Education
In addition to gifted children and those with more profound intellectual disorders, a significant number of children receive other kinds of special education services. About 6.4 million schoolchildren receive public special education services in the United States. Over 85% are related to behavioral problems (emotional disturbance) and developmental and learning disabilities (National Center for Education Statistics, 2013a). Whereas the numbers of individuals with intellectual disabilities in public schools have declined somewhat over the past two decades, those with emotional disturbances and other developmental disorders have increased dramatically. Like many other disabilities that affect children, the reason for this trend is unknown. Overall, the percentage of children enrolled in special education has increased from 8.3% in 1977 to over 13% currently. As shown in Figure 10.5, enrollment in special education has been dropping gradually since reaching a peak of 13.8% during the 2004–2005 school year.
Figure 10.5: Number of children receiving special education services
Public education services must meet the needs of all children, including those who have special needs.
Source: U.S. Department of Education.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Early impairments in communication, including speech delays and nonverbal communication (e.g., gestures, eye contact), are characteristic signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Other common markers include fixated interests, repetitive behaviors, and inflexibility over routines. Because of better screening procedures, this developmental disorder can now be identified by 18–24 months of age. A substantial proportion of children with ASD are mute, and many more attain initial language and then lose it. Recent brain imaging has discovered that ASD brains probably process voices and other social stimuli differently beginning at an early age (Grossman, Oberecker, Koch, & Friederici, 2010; Johnson, 2004; Lloyd-Fox, Johnson, & Blasi, 2013).
Courtesy of Ron Mossler
One of the characteristics of Asperger's syndrome is idiosyncratic, or uniquely peculiar, behaviors. In this writing sample from a sixth grader, Trevor refused to skip lines between spelling words. What is only barely visible (in the center of the image) is the smeared paper from Trevor's propensity to press extremely hard on his pencil.
A bit over half of all children with ASD have intellectual disabilities (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014d). The vast majority have social deficits, too, like skills needed to form friendships or to display empathy (another instance of the interaction of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial domains). Behavioral stereotypes like repetitive rocking or hand flapping that are indicative of ASD are often compared to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, people with OCD usually perform rituals (compulsions) in order to experience relief from their thoughts (o.
Running head ORIGINS OF LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN1O.docxjeanettehully
Running head: ORIGINS OF LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN 1
ORIGINS OF LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN 3
Origins of Language and Language and the Brain
Name:
Institution:
Date:
Introduction
Social Cognition in Apes
Arguably, the human pointing behavior significantly differs from that of ape. The differentiation manifests itself in certain ways. First, the human pointing behavior indicates that individuals hold on the ability to encode the universal system of gestures. On the contrary, the ape pointing behavior lacks the ability to encode the universal system of gestures. As a result, apes are unable to understand various crucial aspects closely related to their social cognition. For instance, due to their inability, apes are unable to understand the language and sign language of others. More so, apes are unable to comprehend the intention of others to both act in certain specific ways as well as communicate with them. It is for these reasons that when a human tends to reach for a bucket that contains a treat, the ape is more likely to reach unlike when an individual points on the bucket , as a way to signal the presence and location of the treat.
Similarly, the joint attention of humans differs from that of apes. Joint attention which is also known as shared attention refers to the shared focus of specifically two individuals on a certain object. Joint attention is achieved whenever an individual alert the other to an object through either by pointing, use of verbal or non-verbal indications or eye-gazing. Joint attention in humans differs from apes, especially on the account that the later are unable to understand the sign language of others. As such, in apes, joint attention is ineffective and when present, it encounters varying challenges, unlike in humans. The effectiveness of joint attention arises on the account that they hold the capability to comprehend the sign language of others, and two individuals are able to share the focus on a certain object with minimal challenges.
The above differences are likely to exits due to their encoding capabilities to the universal language. Despite apes and humans belonging to the primate group, the two have varying encoding capabilities to the universal language, inclusive of the sign language and universal system of gestures. It is for this reason that while the humans are able to encode the universal system of gestures the apes are unable to do so. As a result, humans are able to understand the sign language of each other while apes are unable. These differences tend to narrow down and explain the possibility of apes being unable to comprehend the intention of their members and communicate with each other.
Acquisition
Exposing deaf children to sign language at an early age has various benefits. First, doing so helps in providing deal children with the best ever chance of successful language acquisition. Supportively, in a contemporary research on the benefits ...
Lived experiences of deaf mute in ozamiz cityAlvinAnoba
This document discusses the lived experiences of deaf mutes in Ozamiz City, Philippines. It begins by introducing the five human senses and what it means to be deaf mute. It then explores some of the challenges deaf mutes face, such as lack of access to education and sign language. The study aims to understand the experiences of deaf mutes and how they communicate. It uses qualitative research methods, including interviews with deaf mute respondents in Ozamiz City. The goal is to provide knowledge to help deaf mutes face challenges and for nurses to better support them.
This proposal aims to analyze rapport management and relevance in interactions between caregivers and autistic patients in Oyo State, Nigeria. It will use a discourse analysis approach and relevance theory and rapport management theory frameworks. The study aims to identify how relevance and rapport are established and maintained in conversations between caregivers and autistic patients. Audio and video recordings of interactions at autism centers in Ibadan will be collected and categorized based on responses and effects of rapport management. The analysis will provide insight into how autistic patients communicate and manage relationships, which can help caregivers better support them. It will expand knowledge in psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis and pragmatics regarding autism spectrum disorder.
This proposal seeks to analyze rapport management and relevance in interactions between caregivers and autistic patients in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study will use discourse analysis to identify relevance and rapport management strategies used. It will examine how communication is built and relationships enhanced. Recordings of interactions at autism centers will be transcribed and categorized based on responses and effects of rapport management. The study aims to expand knowledge of autism and social aspects of language use. Relevance theory and rapport management theory will be applied to transcripts to unravel how talk is managed. Findings may help caregivers better support autistic individuals' interpersonal relationships. The methodology section outlines data collection from recordings and categorization process.
Running head AUTISM 1AUTISM 3Autism.docxjoellemurphey
Running head: AUTISM 1
AUTISM 3
Autism
Author Note
Autism
Introduction
Etiology involves the study of the causes of diseases, the cause or origin of a disease. Also involves the study of causation and any causes, caution, or causality. The etiologic classification of a disease based on the cause, when known. This classification is important and useful in the consideration of biotic disease. The disease is classified as staphylococcal, rickettsial, or fungal. This condition affects specific cells in the body because they aim at a single point. Pathogenesis is the mechanism through which the cause operates to produce the pathological and clinical manifestations. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of complex neurodevelopment disorders characterized by repetitive and characteristic patterns of behavior and difficulties with social communication and interaction. The symptoms are present from early childhood and affect daily functioning. Autism is a lifelong development disability that affects how a person communicates with, and relates to, other people. Also affects how they make sense of the world around them. The term “spectrum” refers to the wide range of symptoms, skills, and levels of disability in functioning that can occur in people with ASD. Some children and adults with ASD are fully able to perform all activities of daily living while others require substantial support to perform basic activities. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, published in 2013) includes Asperger syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorders not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) as part of ASD rather than as separate disorders. A diagnosis of ASD includes an assessment of intellectual disability and language impairment. It is a spectrum condition; all people with autism share certain difficulties that affect them in different ways. Some people with autism lead an independent life and many have accompanying difficulties. (http://www.ninds.nih.gov)
Specific cells, tissues and organs affected by Autism
The Lymphoblastic cell lines are continuously diving cells from the blood lymphocytes. These cell lines have been accepted to be the tool of examining the consequences of the genetic mutations. The cells are affected hence the blood circulation in the brain is widely hindered. This process leads to the development of disorders hence affecting the flow of blood in the body efficiently. This largely affects the brain since the cells are available in the brain. The pathologic condition hence creates the disorder in the brain hampering its function and proper operation of the brain. It therefore adversely affects the brain and the overall flow of blood. This leads to the development of deficiency in the brain because of lack of proper operation (Fiala et al., 2002).
Organ system function affected by Autism
Autism affects the social interaction and verbal communic ...
In his prologue to the Greek edition of Frith’s “Autism: Explaining the Enigma”, the paedopsychiatrist George Karantinos (1999) argues that the child with autism is not at all sly. Karantinos comments this autistic naiveness by adding that children with autism would never play to win.
Similar opinions reveal that our understanding of autism is influenced by social practices, positions, networks and privileges. Characteristically enough, the Greek Curriculum for Autism (Pedagogical Institute, 2003) supposes, with pessimism, that some children with autism will never learn to speak. And recently, Syriopoulou-Delli (2011) contends that the behaviouristic approach remains the dominant treatment of autism, even though behaviourism neglects intellectual problems. On account of such questions, autism and special education appear as complicated and serious political, ideological and social issues, where oversimplifications are absolutely inappropriate.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. The DSM-5 criteria include deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASD is thought to have both genetic and environmental factors, with studies finding alterations in brain structure and connections. Treatment involves behavioral and educational therapies, while risperidone and aripiprazole have been approved to treat irritability in children with ASD.
9.1 What Is Autism Spectrum DisorderStudents with autism spectr.docxransayo
Students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulties in three main areas: communication, social skills, and repetitive behaviors. They may struggle with changes in routines, have unusual sensory responses, and have difficulty understanding emotions. ASD is defined by the DSM-5 and includes autism, Asperger's syndrome, and other disorders. Students with ASD exhibit a wide range of abilities and challenges.
This slide is part of a collection of exam revision slides from Atypical Child Development. The slides have been created by me, and based on several different research papers. The slides were created for essay exam.
The document provides an overview of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), discussing its history and characteristics. It notes that in 1943, Kanner and Asperger separately observed children with apathetic behaviors toward family and odd repetitive movements, laying the foundation for what became known as ASD. ASD is characterized by deficits in social skills, communication, and repetitive behaviors. While prevalence varies, about 1% of the general population is estimated to be diagnosed with ASD. The disorder has a detrimental effect on society, particularly the educational system due to specialized care needs. Prior to the current classification, ASD encompassed separate diagnoses that are now considered part of the autism spectrum.
Common symptoms of memory changes in healthy aging include gradually forgetting names and event details due to declining episodic memory. Semantic memory remains intact. Working memory declines as shown by slower processing and problem solving. Additional memory loss can occur from declining senses. Compared to normal aging, pathological conditions like anterograse amnesia and semantic memory loss are more debilitating since people lose the ability to form new memories or understand objects/environment. Effective compensatory strategies for normal aging are not possible for more severe conditions.
The document discusses autism, including what it is, the different types, causes, diagnosis, characteristics, and treatment approaches. Autism is a developmental disorder that impacts communication and social skills. It exists on a spectrum from mild to severe and is diagnosed through observation and checklists. Core characteristics include difficulties with social interaction, communication, behavior, and sensory processing. While its causes are not fully known, autism is generally considered a neurological disorder. Early intervention and individualized treatment focusing on life skills and behavior support are important.
Autism Spectrum Disorders Research PaperPaul Honke
This document discusses a research project that aims to explore the social perceptions of autism and its effects on families. It will conduct an online survey to understand public knowledge and perspectives on autism and vaccines. It will also interview parents of autistic children about their experiences. The literature review discusses theories about the social challenges of autism due to difficulties with communication. It also examines stress on families from the demands of caring for an autistic child and views of autism in the media. The goal is to better understand autism and support autistic children and their families.
DSM5 focusses more on nonverbal communication in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, but does not specify what it is about nonverbal communication that is affected. In this presentation, I explain the reflexive nature of nonverbal communication, and why I call this the 'interbrain'. I also provide another explanation for dysempathy in ASD: the inability to recall empathic feelings
The document provides an overview of autism as defined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). It discusses how IDEA qualifies children ages 3-21 for special education services if they meet criteria for one of 13 disabilities including autism. Autism adversely affects verbal/nonverbal communication and social interaction, and is generally evident before age 3. The document also outlines the diagnostic process for autism and common characteristics, behaviors, interventions and individual learning needs for students with autism.
Common symptoms of memory changes during the lifetime in healthy.docxcargillfilberto
Common symptoms of memory changes during the lifetime in healthy people generally start gradually beginning with those associated with episodic memory i.e. forgetting names of people or details of personally experienced events. While semantic memory does not decline in the same way and can in fact be equal to those of younger people, aging adults typically access general knowledge and information more slowly (Dixon et al., 2006).This is a sign of declining working memory which encompasses processing speed, attentional capability/distractibility and problem solving (Dixon et al., 2006; Richmond et al., 2011). Another type of memory change may stem from a decline in sensory acuity. For example, loss of vision, hearing, taste and smell would all impact how stimuli are encoded and will contribute to additional attentional interference (Wolfe & Horowitz, 2004)
Compared with expected changes in memory functioning over the lifespan, pathological conditions such as anterograde amnesia and loss of semantic memory are much more debilitating. Since typically developing memory decline is gradual and centers around past experiences rather than general knowledge, people are often able to adapt to their “forgetfulness” with the assistance of formal and informal compensatory strategies such as more effortful attention, associative learning of new information, making to-do lists, keeping a journal and/or relying on another close individual to fill in missing pieces of stories and events (Dixon et al., 2006)
While typically aging adults may make a to-do list but have to spend time trying to find where they left it, in the case of anterograde amnesia, this sort of strategy would be ineffective. This is because these individuals would have no memory of even making a list since they have lost the ability to form new memories (Squire & Wixted, 2011). People with this condition are likely to become easily confused in social situations involving unfamiliar people since they will not retain any introductory information provided.
Loss of semantic memory would also be more negatively impactful than loss of episodic memory because an individual would lose the ability to make sense of objects in their everyday environment. For example, they make not be able to identify what a television or a toilet is or what each item is used for. As is the case with anterograde amnesia, compensatory strategies that are effective for typical aging memory decline could not be used for semantic memory loss since the individuals would not be able to engage in metamemory cognitions that would enable them to identify their areas of deficit and the most appropriate strategies to address these (Squire & Wixted, 2011). In addition, in both conditions, the individual would require a high level of external support to live safely.
References
Dixon, R. A., Rust, T. B., Feltmate, S. E., & See, S. K. (2007). Memor.