The document defines and provides examples of calculating area and perimeter. It explains that area is measured in square units and refers to the surface space of a flat object, while perimeter is the distance around the outside edge and is measured in linear units. Examples are given of counting squares to find the area of different shapes and counting sides to determine the perimeter. Two neighbor's pools are used as examples, with Family A's pool having a larger area but Family B's pool having a greater perimeter and more side panels to clean.