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AQUA-BRIDGE
Since 2010 December

Peter K. Kang
PhD candidate in Civil & Environmental Engineering, MIT
How	
  AQUA-­‐BRIDGE	
  (A-­‐B)	
  ini&ated	
  
I	
  am	
  a	
  PhD	
  candidate	
  in	
  course	
  1	
  working	
  on	
  natural	
  porous	
  media	
  flow

1.66 mm
One	
  day..	
  Found	
  inspiring	
  video	
  on	
  youtube..

Susan	
  MurcoJ	
  (senior	
  lecturer	
  in	
  CEE)

The Kanchan Arsenic Filter

- More than 10% of world population do not have safe drinking water.
- Most promising low-cost water filtration technology is based on natural
porous media flow.

4
My	
  First	
  Visit	
  to	
  Tanzania:	
  March,	
  2011

• Understanding	
  the	
  problem	
  and	
  community
• Water	
  quality	
  test
• Build	
  trust	
  with	
  the	
  community
Drinking	
  water	
  crisis	
  in	
  Kiwalani,	
  Tanzania
Water	
  situaWon	
  in	
  Kiwalani	
  -­‐	
  Water	
  Quality	
  Test

I

-­‐	
  We	
  sampled	
  10+	
  water	
  points;	
  most	
  shallow	
  wells	
  are	
  microbiologically	
  contaminated
Quiz!

Our	
  Hotel	
  !!!
Our	
  Vision:	
  We	
  believe	
  that	
  every	
  human	
  being	
  is	
  en2tled	
  to	
  clean	
  
water	
  and	
  envision	
  the	
  world	
  where	
  all	
  people	
  have	
  uninterrupted	
  
and	
  sustained	
  access	
  to	
  safe	
  water.	
  
What	
  does	
  AQUA-­‐BRIDGE	
  do?
We	
  bring	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  

clean	
  water

Using	
  appropriate

technology

Integrated	
  with
web-­‐based	
  ICT	
  plaDorm
What	
  is	
  our	
  appropriate	
  technology?
Biosand	
  filter

Water-­‐quality	
  test

Service	
  Model
Water	
  filtraWon	
  technology
Bio-­‐sand	
  Filter
-­‐	
  Cleans	
  water	
  to	
  drinkable	
  level	
  at	
  low	
  cost
-­‐	
  Built	
  by/with	
  the	
  resource	
  at	
  the	
  local	
  
community
-­‐	
  No	
  energy	
  required
-­‐	
  Superior	
  flow	
  rate
-­‐	
  Easy	
  to	
  scale-­‐up
Our	
  Service	
  Model:	
  Hybrid	
  model
Neighborhood-level

Household-level

+
Household	
  level	
  Model
Pros
•

Less	
  financial	
  burden	
  

Cons
•
•
•

Filter	
  management	
  issue
Smaller	
  impact	
  
Less	
  visibility
Neighborhood	
  level	
  Model
Pros
• Larger	
  impact
• Easier	
  quality	
  control

Cons
•
•
•

Support	
  from	
  community	
  
people	
  and	
  local	
  
government	
  is	
  necessary
Larger	
  iniWal	
  cost
Devoted	
  local	
  manager	
  is	
  
essenWal
Are	
  appropriate	
  technology	
  and	
  distribu&on	
  model	
  
sufficient	
  to	
  be	
  effec&ve?

No.	
  
Second	
  visit:	
  January	
  2012

•	
  Revisit	
  with	
  our	
  solu&on:	
  biosand	
  filter	
  with	
  hybrid	
  service	
  model
•	
  We	
  always	
  start	
  with	
  long	
  discussion	
  with	
  local	
  women:	
  ALWAYS	
  WORKS!!
Building	
  and	
  Installing	
  Biosand	
  Filter
LimitaWon..
-­‐	
  No	
  idea	
  about	
  the	
  community	
  situa&on	
  when	
  we	
  are	
  not	
  there..
-­‐	
  Cannot	
  make	
  data	
  driven	
  decisions..
-­‐	
  InformaWon	
  gathered	
  during	
  the	
  past	
  two	
  visits	
  became	
  untraceable..

-­‐	
  So	
  we	
  propose	
  web-­‐based	
  ICT	
  plaDorm	
  for	
  effecWve	
  data	
  
management	
  and	
  data-­‐driven	
  decision	
  making
How	
  ICT	
  Plagorm	
  works?
The	
  ICT	
  plagorm	
  will	
  allow	
  us	
  to	
  make	
  data-­‐driven	
  decisions	
  
based	
  on	
  the	
  sufficient	
  informaWon	
  collected	
  from	
  our	
  community.
How	
  we	
  collect	
  data
1.	
  Community	
  survey	
  with	
  mobile	
  applicaWon

By	
  Modi	
  Research	
  Group	
  at	
  Columbia	
  Univ.	
  

Photo:	
  Formhub

-­‐	
  Gather	
  survey	
  data	
  with	
  GPS	
  informaWon.
-­‐	
  Understand	
  community	
  situaWon	
  and	
  project	
  acceptance.
-­‐	
  AutomaWcally	
  uploaded	
  to	
  our	
  web-­‐based	
  plagorm
How	
  we	
  collect	
  data
2.	
  Water	
  quality	
  informaWon

	
  	
  

Water	
  quality	
  test	
  +	
  
GPS	
  locaWon

Water	
  status	
  map

-­‐	
  Collect	
  water	
  quality	
  data	
  with	
  GPS	
  informaWon
-­‐	
  Monitoring	
  filter	
  performance,	
  water	
  situaWon
-­‐	
  AutomaWcally	
  uploaded	
  to	
  our	
  web-­‐based	
  plagorm
How	
  we	
  collect	
  data
3.	
  Project	
  acWvity:	
  GPS	
  tracking	
  with	
  photo	
  info	
  	
  (runtasWc)

hJp://blog.runtasWc.com

-­‐	
  Project	
  manager	
  records	
  his	
  GPS	
  locaWon	
  &	
  photos
-­‐	
  GPS	
  tracking	
  will	
  be	
  uploaded	
  on	
  our	
  plagorm
-­‐	
  We	
  can	
  analyze	
  working	
  history	
  and	
  also	
  can	
  be	
  used	
  for	
  story	
  telling
Third	
  visit	
  (July,	
  2013):	
  Gathered	
  iniWal	
  input	
  data	
  for	
  ICT	
  plagorm

-­‐	
  Household	
  survey:	
  data	
  collecWon	
  with	
  
mobile	
  applicaWon
-­‐	
  Water	
  quality	
  tesWng	
  with	
  GPS	
  locaWon
Filter	
  distribuWon	
  with	
  GPS	
  locaWon
One	
  day	
  journey	
  (July	
  18th,	
  2013)

-­‐	
  6.1	
  km
-­‐	
  4000	
  kcal

visualizaWon	
  by	
  Youjin	
  Shin

hJp://vimeo.com/73040048#
We	
  bridge	
  the	
  gap	
  between	
  the	
  developed	
  and	
  
developing	
  countries	
  through	
  our	
  web-­‐based	
  plagorm
Before	
  showing	
  the	
  current	
  status	
  of	
  our	
  ICT	
  plagorm,
Let’s	
  compare	
  google	
  map	
  of	
  MIT	
  and	
  Kiwalani	
  community.
Map	
  comparison	
  between	
  MIT	
  &	
  Kiwalani

Amount	
  of	
  data	
  around	
  MIT	
  is	
  surprising

Maximum	
  zoom:	
  no	
  informaWon
Current	
  status	
  of	
  our	
  ICT	
  plagorm
hJp://itp.nyu.edu/~ys1438/sinatra/waterQuality

-­‐	
  We	
  use	
  openstreet	
  map	
  for	
  updaWng	
  community	
  informaWon
-­‐	
  Deep	
  well	
  vs	
  Shallow	
  well
-­‐	
  Biosand	
  filter	
  (two	
  filters	
  that	
  are	
  not	
  working..)
-­‐	
  New	
  filters:	
  where	
  to	
  install	
  next?
-­‐	
  Key	
  locaWons
Next	
  Step:
Crowd	
  sourcing	
  from	
  the	
  community	
  members	
  (twilio)
TexWng	
  (Kiwalani)

ICT	
  Plagorm	
  (A-­‐B)

Texting (Kiwalani)

ICT Platform (A-B)

-­‐	
  Filter	
  users	
  and	
  community	
  members	
  can	
  text	
  us.
-­‐	
  Texted	
  message	
  are	
  automaWcally	
  uploaded,	
  analyzed	
  on	
  our	
  plagorm
-­‐	
  We	
  can	
  respond	
  to	
  the	
  disease	
  outbreak	
  (“boil	
  water”)
Appropriate	
  Technology	
  +	
  ICT	
  Plagorm

We	
  believe	
  this	
  project	
  can	
  bring	
  huge	
  impact.
Thank	
  you
-­‐	
  Feedback	
  appreciated.
-­‐	
  If	
  you	
  support	
  our	
  project,	
  vote	
  for	
  AQUA-­‐BRIDGE	
  at	
  
2014	
  IDEAS	
  CompeWWon.
-­‐	
  Any	
  idea	
  about	
  funding	
  sources?	
  Let	
  me	
  know	
  :)

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AQUABRIDGE_GPI_11202013

  • 1. AQUA-BRIDGE Since 2010 December Peter K. Kang PhD candidate in Civil & Environmental Engineering, MIT
  • 3. I  am  a  PhD  candidate  in  course  1  working  on  natural  porous  media  flow 1.66 mm
  • 4. One  day..  Found  inspiring  video  on  youtube.. Susan  MurcoJ  (senior  lecturer  in  CEE) The Kanchan Arsenic Filter - More than 10% of world population do not have safe drinking water. - Most promising low-cost water filtration technology is based on natural porous media flow. 4
  • 5. My  First  Visit  to  Tanzania:  March,  2011 • Understanding  the  problem  and  community • Water  quality  test • Build  trust  with  the  community
  • 6. Drinking  water  crisis  in  Kiwalani,  Tanzania
  • 7. Water  situaWon  in  Kiwalani  -­‐  Water  Quality  Test I -­‐  We  sampled  10+  water  points;  most  shallow  wells  are  microbiologically  contaminated
  • 9. Our  Vision:  We  believe  that  every  human  being  is  en2tled  to  clean   water  and  envision  the  world  where  all  people  have  uninterrupted   and  sustained  access  to  safe  water.  
  • 11. We  bring               clean  water Using  appropriate technology Integrated  with web-­‐based  ICT  plaDorm
  • 12. What  is  our  appropriate  technology? Biosand  filter Water-­‐quality  test Service  Model
  • 13. Water  filtraWon  technology Bio-­‐sand  Filter -­‐  Cleans  water  to  drinkable  level  at  low  cost -­‐  Built  by/with  the  resource  at  the  local   community -­‐  No  energy  required -­‐  Superior  flow  rate -­‐  Easy  to  scale-­‐up
  • 14. Our  Service  Model:  Hybrid  model Neighborhood-level Household-level +
  • 15. Household  level  Model Pros • Less  financial  burden   Cons • • • Filter  management  issue Smaller  impact   Less  visibility
  • 16. Neighborhood  level  Model Pros • Larger  impact • Easier  quality  control Cons • • • Support  from  community   people  and  local   government  is  necessary Larger  iniWal  cost Devoted  local  manager  is   essenWal
  • 17. Are  appropriate  technology  and  distribu&on  model   sufficient  to  be  effec&ve? No.  
  • 18. Second  visit:  January  2012 •  Revisit  with  our  solu&on:  biosand  filter  with  hybrid  service  model •  We  always  start  with  long  discussion  with  local  women:  ALWAYS  WORKS!!
  • 19.
  • 20. Building  and  Installing  Biosand  Filter
  • 21. LimitaWon.. -­‐  No  idea  about  the  community  situa&on  when  we  are  not  there.. -­‐  Cannot  make  data  driven  decisions.. -­‐  InformaWon  gathered  during  the  past  two  visits  became  untraceable.. -­‐  So  we  propose  web-­‐based  ICT  plaDorm  for  effecWve  data   management  and  data-­‐driven  decision  making
  • 22. How  ICT  Plagorm  works? The  ICT  plagorm  will  allow  us  to  make  data-­‐driven  decisions   based  on  the  sufficient  informaWon  collected  from  our  community.
  • 23. How  we  collect  data 1.  Community  survey  with  mobile  applicaWon By  Modi  Research  Group  at  Columbia  Univ.   Photo:  Formhub -­‐  Gather  survey  data  with  GPS  informaWon. -­‐  Understand  community  situaWon  and  project  acceptance. -­‐  AutomaWcally  uploaded  to  our  web-­‐based  plagorm
  • 24. How  we  collect  data 2.  Water  quality  informaWon     Water  quality  test  +   GPS  locaWon Water  status  map -­‐  Collect  water  quality  data  with  GPS  informaWon -­‐  Monitoring  filter  performance,  water  situaWon -­‐  AutomaWcally  uploaded  to  our  web-­‐based  plagorm
  • 25. How  we  collect  data 3.  Project  acWvity:  GPS  tracking  with  photo  info    (runtasWc) hJp://blog.runtasWc.com -­‐  Project  manager  records  his  GPS  locaWon  &  photos -­‐  GPS  tracking  will  be  uploaded  on  our  plagorm -­‐  We  can  analyze  working  history  and  also  can  be  used  for  story  telling
  • 26. Third  visit  (July,  2013):  Gathered  iniWal  input  data  for  ICT  plagorm -­‐  Household  survey:  data  collecWon  with   mobile  applicaWon -­‐  Water  quality  tesWng  with  GPS  locaWon
  • 27. Filter  distribuWon  with  GPS  locaWon
  • 28. One  day  journey  (July  18th,  2013) -­‐  6.1  km -­‐  4000  kcal visualizaWon  by  Youjin  Shin hJp://vimeo.com/73040048#
  • 29. We  bridge  the  gap  between  the  developed  and   developing  countries  through  our  web-­‐based  plagorm
  • 30. Before  showing  the  current  status  of  our  ICT  plagorm, Let’s  compare  google  map  of  MIT  and  Kiwalani  community.
  • 31. Map  comparison  between  MIT  &  Kiwalani Amount  of  data  around  MIT  is  surprising Maximum  zoom:  no  informaWon
  • 32. Current  status  of  our  ICT  plagorm hJp://itp.nyu.edu/~ys1438/sinatra/waterQuality -­‐  We  use  openstreet  map  for  updaWng  community  informaWon -­‐  Deep  well  vs  Shallow  well -­‐  Biosand  filter  (two  filters  that  are  not  working..) -­‐  New  filters:  where  to  install  next? -­‐  Key  locaWons
  • 33. Next  Step: Crowd  sourcing  from  the  community  members  (twilio) TexWng  (Kiwalani) ICT  Plagorm  (A-­‐B) Texting (Kiwalani) ICT Platform (A-B) -­‐  Filter  users  and  community  members  can  text  us. -­‐  Texted  message  are  automaWcally  uploaded,  analyzed  on  our  plagorm -­‐  We  can  respond  to  the  disease  outbreak  (“boil  water”)
  • 34. Appropriate  Technology  +  ICT  Plagorm We  believe  this  project  can  bring  huge  impact.
  • 35. Thank  you -­‐  Feedback  appreciated. -­‐  If  you  support  our  project,  vote  for  AQUA-­‐BRIDGE  at   2014  IDEAS  CompeWWon. -­‐  Any  idea  about  funding  sources?  Let  me  know  :)