Antebellum America
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The document discusses slavery, sectionalism, and secession in antebellum America. It provides context around political cartoons and speeches that addressed slavery. Key events that increased sectional tensions included the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, the Dred Scott decision of 1857, and the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 which prompted seven southern states to secede and form the Confederate States of America. Further secessions followed Lincoln's call for troops after the attack on Fort Sumter.
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4
Causes of the civil war through reconstruction
The document provides an overview of the political, economic, and social divisions between the North and South before the Civil War. It discusses the key events that increased tensions around the issue of slavery, such as the Compromise of 1850 and the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin. The document then covers the major battles and campaigns of the Civil War, including Gettysburg and Sherman's March. It concludes with a brief discussion of Reconstruction efforts after the war.
The Civil War (US History)
The Civil War turned in 1863 with major Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg, though the Confederacy remained resilient under Robert E. Lee. In 1864, Lincoln was re-elected on the National Union ticket, signaling support for his emancipation policies. That year, Grant battled Lee to a stalemate in Virginia while Sherman marched through Georgia, destroying Confederate resources and morale in his "march to the sea." The Union shifted to total war, weakening the South further and setting the stage for Lee's surrender to Grant at Appomattox Court House in April 1865, effectively ending the Civil War.
Major Figures from the American Civil War
The American Civil War was fought between 1861 and 1865 and resulted from longstanding tensions between northern and southern states over slavery. The southern states relied on slave labor for agriculture while the northern states moved toward industry and abolished slavery. After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, 11 southern states seceded to form the Confederate States of America. The war began between the Union and the Confederacy and was the bloodiest conflict in American history. Major generals on both sides included Ulysses S. Grant and William Tecumseh Sherman for the Union and Robert E. Lee and Nathan Bedford Forrest for the Confederacy.
The civil war
The Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 between the Union (Northern states) and Confederate (Southern states) after Southern states seceded from the Union over the issues of states' rights and slavery. Over 600,000 soldiers died in the war that ended with the defeat of the Confederacy and the abolition of slavery. Key events included Southern states seceding after Lincoln's election, the bombardment of Fort Sumter, major battles at Bull Run, Gettysburg, and the capture of cities like New Orleans and Memphis, and Lincoln issuing the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863.
The civil war
The Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 between the Union (Northern states) and Confederate (Southern states) after Southern states seceded from the Union over the issues of states' rights and slavery. Over 600,000 soldiers died in the war that ended with the defeat of the Confederacy, abolition of slavery, and restoration of national unity. Key events included Southern states seceding after Lincoln's election, the Battle of Bull Run in 1861, the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, and the Union victory at Gettysburg that year which halted the Confederate invasion of the North.
Chapter 19 to send
The document summarizes key events from 1854-1861 that increased tensions between the North and South and moved the country closer to the Civil War. It discusses influential books like Uncle Tom's Cabin that shaped Northern views of slavery, violence over the expansion of slavery in Kansas, and the caning of Senator Sumner by Congressman Brooks that further inflamed sectional tensions. Key events covered include the Supreme Court's Dred Scott decision, the 1856 sacking of Lawrence, Kansas, and the split in the Democratic party over the Lecompton Constitution for Kansas statehood.
Sectional crisis
The document summarizes the key events that led to the outbreak of the Civil War between 1850-1861. It describes the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act as part of the Compromise of 1850, the publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin, the Kansas-Nebraska Act and violence in "Bleeding Kansas", the Dred Scott decision, Lincoln-Douglas debates, John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry, and Lincoln's election in 1860 which prompted Southern states to begin seceding from the Union.
1 Introduction African Americans And The Civil War
1) African Americans played a crucial role in shifting the Civil War from solely being about union to also being about emancipation and freedom. Runaway slaves fled to Union army camps forcing the development of policies around emancipation. Close to 200,000 black men fought for the Union, demonstrating their bravery and commitment and forcing Lincoln to recognize the necessity of ensuring freedom.
2) The election of Lincoln in 1860 demonstrated the South was politically overwhelmed as his anti-slavery platform threatened the institution of slavery. Southern states began seceding, forming the Confederate states with the cornerstone being the protection of slavery.
3) As the war began, African Americans continued forcing the issue of slavery by escaping to Union lines
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Antebellum America
- 1. Antebellum America Slavery, Sectionalism, & Secession
Editor's Notes
- *Southerners wanted to expand slavery to the western territories. *Northern Abolitionists used propaganda to fight slavery. -Uncle Tom’s Cabin published in 1852 was one form of propaganda used. Its author, Harriett Beecher Stowe hoped it would bring a peaceful end to slavery. Instead, it inflamed Northerners against Southern plantation owners and angered Southerners who claimed that Stowe had given a biased and skewed representation of the slavery system. * Enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act, which was used to force escaped slaves back to the South and Slavery was also highly controversial.
- See handout
- *When the Supreme Court ruled that the Missouri Compromise was an unconstitutional method for resolving the slavery question in new states, conflict broke out between pro-slavery Southerners and abolitionist Northerners. The conflict was resolved with the passing of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. -The Act promised funds to build a transcontinental railroad through the Northern portion of the country. This attempt to pacify the Northerners angry over the possibility of slavery in new territories played to Northern economic interests. -Southerners were satisfied with the Act’s declaration that members of new states would vote over the slavery question. This decision avoided attacking the South’s economic interests in sustaining slavery and also supported their push for State’s Rights. *Kansas broke out into violence as the two sides attempted to gain a majority in the territory. -“Border ruffians” came poured into Kansas from Missouri voting illegally in favor of slavery in the new state. They used violent methods to achieve their ends like attacking the “free” town of Lawrence. -John Brown retaliated for the attack on Lawrence by leading a group in killing pro-slavery settlers. -When Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts gave an anti-slavery speech, “The Crime Against Kansas,” on the floor of the US Senate, Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina responded by beating him unconscious with a cane. *The Supreme Court ruled that a slave who had lived with his master in a free-state was not entitled to freedom based on where his master took him
- The split in the Democratic Party and the presence of a third-party candidate allowed Lincoln to win by taking advantage of the divide in the votes of his opponents.
- See handouts.
- *Southern states felt that the election of President Lincoln was an attack on their way of life so they seceded from the Union. - A Northern man said this about South Carolina when they seceded from the Union. - The states that seceded formed their own country: the Confederate States of America.
- See handouts.