This document summarizes a project presentation on developing a strategy for efficient vaccine distribution in Japan. It discusses the need for an integrated system to help decision-makers provide accurate information on vaccine distribution during an influenza pandemic. The presentation proposes a centralized system that collects surveillance data, predicts pandemics, models vaccine distribution based on demographics and infrastructure, and uses geospatial analysis to identify recommended distribution areas. This system aims to improve Japan's pandemic response by facilitating real-time decision-making on vaccine allocation and distribution.

1. NORIKO MORIOKA | AYAKO MATSUURA | ANJAR DIMARA SAKTI
| SUHIMO NAKATSU | SHOHEI HODOTA | TAKU MONJO
Project Presentation
Sunday, 23 March 2014
Sharon Village
STRATEGY OF EFFICIENT VACCINE
DISTRIBUTION IN JAPAN
Global Leader Program for Social
Design and Management

2. What is influenza?
• occur when a non-human influenza virus
gains the ability for efficient and sustained
human-to-human transmission and then
spreads globally.
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE VIRUSES
Pandemic
• It is an acute respiratory
disorder caused by influenza
virus.
• Two types of influenza:
Seasonal vs. Pandemic
• Influenza viruses
with pandemic
potential:
H5N1, H7N9 etc.

3. What happened on 2009?
A new type of H1N1 virus emerged in April 2009
About 170000 people were infected in Japan by
November 2009
No framework about distribution of vaccines before.
Imbalance in
demand and supply of vaccine
- The vaccines were not delivered to the right region
- Surplus of the vaccines

4. http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/ful/keikaku/pdf/gl_guideline.pdf
Vaccination
OVERVIEW: Guideline for Prevention and Control of
Pandemic Influenza In Japan

5. The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare shall deliver vaccines in multiple
phases to individual vaccination locations through wholesalers etc.,
according to the doses requested by each agency and prefectural
government.
http://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/ful/keikaku/pdf/gl_guideline.pdf
Municipality
Prefecture
The Ministry of Health,
Labor and Welfare
Request the dose of
vaccines
Decide the allocation of vaccines
according the amount of request,
pandemic situations,
demographics in each area
wholesalers
Delivering vaccines
Hospitals & clinics
Strategy for allocation of vaccines

6.  Vaccine Management Business
Improvement project (2003)
 -Centralized Vaccine Distribution(2008)
 -Vaccine Tracking System(2013)
 -National Pediatric Vaccine Stockpile
 CDC (http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vmbip/index.html)
Situation and efforts in U.S.

7. Centralized Distribution; Deliver Vaccines
Directly to Providers
 By 2008, CDC had successfully transitioned all 64 awardee health departments
from a dispersed model (where they managed their own distribution and 430+
storage depots) to a centralized model (leveraging one private distributor with two
national depots) to deliver vaccines directly to providers. The benefits of this
change include reduced inventory costs, distribution contract savings, and
decreased vaccine wastage.
 Vaccine Distribution Contract Between CDC
and McKesson Specialty, Inc.
Improve CDC’s Financial Control of National
Vaccine Distribution Costs, Reduce High
Vaccine Waste and Save money
CentralizedVaccine Distribution

8.  a secure, web-based information technology
system that integrates the entire publicly-funded
vaccine supply chain from purchasing and
ordering through distribution to participating
state, local, and territorial health departments
(referred to as 'awardees') and health care
providers.
 VTrckS was launched at four pilot awardee sites
in December 2010; the phased roll-out of the
system to all 64 awardees was completed in May
2013.
VaccineTracking System

9. VTrckS
VOFA
VACMAN
NIPVAC
Benefits;
Not only easy to track, make it much faster, cheaper
But also can easily accumulate and centralize data
VaccineTracking System

10. OBJECTIVE
To develop a Integrated system to help decision
makers to provide accurate information about the
Multiple Scenario Services and Pre-analysis about
distribution of vaccine.
IMPROVING OF JAPAN HEALTH POLICY
Assumed circumstances
Pandemic of highly pathogenic influenza virus in Japan
ACTINGDECISION MAKINGINTEGRATED
SYSTEM
Application
Development
Collaboration
with
other
Management of
Health
Epidemiological
Studies
Health Policy
Information
Technology
Geospatial
System

11. Strategy: Integrated System
[DISTRIBUTION]
(SURVEILLANCE)

12. HEALTH INFORMATION DATA CENTER
POSITION IN THE USER INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDER
VACCINE DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENTMULTI LAYER MODEL
Distribution of Vaccine
Pandemic Prediction
Demography
Hospital & Health
Center
Surveillance (patient)
CENTERRALIZATION NIID
VACCINE COMPANY
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
- Location of Hospital, school
- Population
HOSPITAL AGENCY
MHLW
HEALTH CENTER
Implementation
System in
Health
Management

13. Prediction
Vaccine
distribution
Demographic
Public facilities
Surveillance
Multi Layer Model
Transportation

14. System
(MHLW)Hospital
Agent
Regional
Government
Manufacture
NIID
Centralization
: Information flow

15. Parameter :
Infected Point
Pandemic Population
Transportation Network
Location of Public Facilities
Recommended area
to distribute vaccine
GEOSPATIAL
ACTIVITIES
APPLICATION OF GIS TO IDENTIFY
PANDEMIC AREA DISTRIBUTION
PLANNING
MAPPING
ANALYZINGGEO-
DATABASE
VISUALIZING
GEOSPATIAL ACTIVITIES
GEO-MONITORING

16. STAKEHOLDER
-The system would affect the interest of some actors
 The supplier of information from surveillance
 Hospitals Health Center
 Manufacture
 Wholesale
 NIID(National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan)
←could need initial investment, but the burden is not highly different from
the usual surveillance
 The receiver of information; need to organize
 Ministry of Health Labor andWelfare
 NIID
←fairly ameliorated by the scandalized format and cloud computing

17. Centralized Information ⇒Vulnerability
Personal Information Protection
Side Effect
Quality assurance (When Needed)
For implementation

18. For Faster, Safer and more effective
way to deliver the vaccine
ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU