The Kingdom of Namayan was one of three major kingdoms in the Philippines from around 800-1175 AD. It ruled over an area along the Pasig River near Laguna de Bay that encompassed modern-day Makati, Pasay, Mandaluyong, Quiapo, Sampaloc, San Miguel, Sta. Mesa, Paco, Malate, Pandacan, San Juan del Monte, and Taytay. Tondo was a fortified kingdom located north of the Pasig River in Manila Bay, while the Kingdom of Maynila was one of three city-states that dominated the area around the mouth of the Pasig River, site of present-day Manila.

2. Lesson five

3.  THE FIRST KINGDOM
 The ancient Kingdom of Namayan in the Philippines (circa 800-
1175 AD) – also referred as the Kingdom of Sapa, Maysapan or
Nasapan after its capital, was one of three major king-doms which
dominated the upper eastern side of the Pasig River running along
the coast of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the Philippines.
 It has been observed from records that the kings of Namayan ruled
basically by organizing kinship groupings into mini-states intimately
interwoven by the imperatives of blood. These political
subdivisions were known by the archaic names of Meykatmon,
Kalatong-dongan, Dongos, Dibag, Pinakawasan, Yamagtogon, and
Meysapan. In modern times, these territories are now the cities of
Makati, Pasay and Mandaluyong; the districts of Quiapo,
Sampaloc, San Miguel, Sta. Mesa, Paco, Malate, and Pandacan;
and the towns of San Juan del Monte and Taytay. Uni-fied, the
Kingdom of Namayan was as large in area as today’s Metropolitan
Manila (246.5 square miles).

4. Tondo, (also referred to
as Tundo, Tundun, Tundok, Lusung) was a fortified
kingdom which was located in the Manila
Bay area, specifically north of the Pasig
River, on Luzon island. It is one of the settlements
mentioned by the Philippines' earliest historical
record, the Laguna Copperplate Inscription.
Originally an Indianized kingdom in the 10th
century, Tondo built upon and capitalized on being central
to the long-existing ancient regional trading routes
throughout the archipelago to include among
others, initiating diplomatic and commercial ties
with China during the Ming Dynasty. Thus it became an
established force in trade throughout Southeast
Asia and East Asia.

5. The Kingdom of Maynila or Kota
Seludong, was one of three
major city-statesthat dominated
the area by the lower reaches and
mouth of the Pasig River before
the arrival of Spanish colonizers in
the 16th century. It is the site of
present-dayManila, the capital of
the Republic of the Philippines.

8. Mga Salik na Nagbigay Daan sa
Panahon ng Pagtuklas at
Pananakop
Kayamanan o Gold

9. 2.
Kristiyanismo/ Relihyon o God

10. 3.
Katanyagan/ Karangalan o Glory

11. compass

12. astrolabe – sumusukat sa latitude o layo mula sa ekwador