Android - Day 1

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Android Computing Platform

of 49© People Strategists www.peoplestrategists.com Slide 2 of 57© People Strategists www.peoplestrategists.com

Android Introduction
• A Software platform and Linux Kernel based operating
system for mobile.
•Android is Open Source means it is made freely available and
may be redistributed and modified.
• Android was developed in 2003.

History of Android

Android Releases
Available from
November 3rd 2014

Android Architecture

Linux kernel
 This is the core layer of android architecture which provides services
like power management, memory management, security and binder for
process communication.

Native Libraries
 These libraries are written in C/C++ like web libraries to access web browser,
libraries for android video formats.
 Application framework access these libraries

Application Framework
The set of API's that allow developers to quickly and easily write android app and
they are written in a Java programming language.

Android Runtime
Takes very less time to launch an app,
More device Storage.
Note : Introduced in Kitkat version
Takes time to launch an app,
Less device storage
Note : Declared dead in Lollipop version

Just 25$ for Registration.
https://play.google.com/apps
/publish/signup/
upload free/
paid apps.
Android App Market

Android Target

Setting Up your Android
Development Environment
Check System Requirements on below link:-
https://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html#Requirements
1. To develop applications for Android platform, you need
 Java SE Development Kit (JDK),
 Android SDK Integrated IDE (Android Studio)
2. Download the Android Studio
http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html

Understanding Project Structure

Building Block,
User Interface and Controls

Android Components
Activity
 Single screen in your application
Content Provider
 Can expose your data and have your applications use data from other
applications.

Service
 Local services
 Remote services.
Broadcast Receiver
 Allows to register for system or application events
Android Components

AndroidManifest.xml(Metadata of Android Application)
 It lists your application’s activities and services, along with the
permissions and features the application needs to run.
Syntax :
<manifest>
<Elements for Application properties should come here>
<application>
<Elements for application components should come here>
</application>
</manifest>
AndroidManifest

Android Virtual Devices
 AVD allows developers to test their applications
AVD

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class HelloWorld extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
}
HelloWorld

Android the Application Life
Cycle

Android Resources
Compiled and Uncompiled Android Resources
• XML files
• Raw files

String Resources
• Define strings in one or more
XML resource files.
• These XML files containing
string-resource definitions
reside in the /res/values
subdirectory.
strings.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<string name="hello">hello</string>
<string name="app_name">hello
appname</string>
</resources>
Android Resources

Layout Resources
• A key resource used in
Android UI programming.
public class HelloWorldActivity extends Activity
{
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
}
...
}
Android Resources

Example main.xml Layout File
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-
8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.andr
oid.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
</LinearLayout>
Android Resources

Color Resources
<resources>
<color name="red">#f00</color>
<color
name="blue">#0000ff</color>
<color
name="green">#f0f0</color>
<color
name="main_back_ground_color">
#ffffff00</color>
</resources>
Android Resources

Color Resources in Java code
int mainBackGroundColor =
activity.getResources.getColor(R.color.main_back_ground_color);
Using Colors in View Definitions
<TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textColor="@color/red"
android:text="Sample Text to Show Red Color"/>
Android Resources

Dimension Resources
You can specify the dimensions in any of the following units:
px: Pixels
in: Inches
mm: Millimeters
pt: Points
dp: Density-independent pixels based on pixel density per inch
sp: Scale-independent pixels (dimensions that allow for user sizing;
helpful for use in fonts)
Android Resources

XML Syntax for Defining Dimension
Resources
<resources>
<dimen name="mysize_in_pixels">1px</dimen>
<dimen name="mysize_in_dp">5dp</dimen>
<dimen name="medium_size">100sp</dimen>
</resources>
Using Dimension Resources in XML
<TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:textSize="@dimen/medium_size"/>
Android Resources

Image Resources
Using Image Resources in XML
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:text="Dial"
android:background="@drawable/sample_image"
/>
Android Resources

Android Resources
package com.mycompany.android.my-root-package;
public final class R {
...other entries depending on your project and application
public static final class string
{
publicstaticfinal int hello=0x7f040000;
publicstaticfinal int app_name=0x7f040001;
}
}
• R.java with unique IDs for the
two string resources specified.
R.java

Resource Reference Syntax
Android resources are identified (or referenced) by their IDs in Java source code.
<TextView android:id="@+id/text">
//Success: Creates an id called "text" in the local package's R.java
In the syntax "@+id/text", the + sign has a special meaning. It tells Android that the ID
text may not already exist
Android Resources

Android
View and ViewGroup

Buttons

Basic Button
<Button android:id="@+id/button1"
android:text="@string/basicBtnLabel"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
……………………
ImageButton
<ImageButton android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:onClick="myClickHandler"
android:src="@drawable/icon" />
……………..
ImageButton imageButton2 =
(ImageButton)this.findViewById(R.id.imageButton2);
imageButton2.setImageResource(R.drawable.icon);
Buttons

ToggleButton
<ToggleButton android:id="@+id/button1"
android:text="Toggle Button"
android:textOn="Stop"
android:textOff="Run"/>
Button button1 = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
{
public void onClick(View v)
{
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,
Uri.parse("http://www.androidbook.com"));
startActivity(intent);
}
});
Buttons

CheckBox
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<CheckBox android:id="@+id/chickenCB"
android:text="Chicken" android:checked="true"
android:layout_width=“wrap_content"
<CheckBox android:id="@+id/fishCB" android:text="Fish"
<CheckBox android:id="@+id/steakCB"
android:text="Steak" android:checked="true"
</LinearLayout>
CheckBox

RadioButton
RadioButton
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
<RadioGroup android:id="@+id/rBtnGrp"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<RadioButton android:id="@+id/chRBtn"
android:text="Chicken"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
………………………..
</RadioGroup>
</LinearLayout>

RadioButton
ImageView
<ImageView android:id="@+id/img"
android:layout_height="wrap_content“
android:src="@drawable/abc"
/>

DatePicker
<DatePicker android:id="@+id/datePicker"
………………………..
DatePicker dp = (DatePicker)this.findViewById(R.id.datePicker);
dateDefault.setText("Date defaulted to " + (dp.getMonth() + 1) + "/" +
dp.getDayOfMonth() + "/" + dp.getYear());
dp.init(2008, 11, 10, null);
TimePicker
<TimePicker android:id="@+id/timePicker"
………………………..
TimePicker tp = (TimePicker)this.findViewById(R.id.timePicker);
tp.setIs24HourView(true);
tp.setCurrentHour(new Integer(10));
tp.setCurrentMinute(new Integer(10));
Pickers

DigitalClock
<DigitalClock
AnalogClock
<AnalogClock
Pickers

ListView
<ListView android:id="@+id/list"
android:layout_width=" wrap_content "
android:layout_height=" wrap_content "
android:entries=“@array/mylist” />
List

Layout Manager
Layout Manager Description
LinearLayout Organizes its children either horizontally or vertically
TableLayout Organizes its children in tabular form
RelativeLayout Organizes its children relative to one another or to
the parent
FrameLayout Allows you to dynamically changethe control(s) in
the layout

Layout Manager
LinearLayout
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/a
pk/res/android"
<!—add components-->
</LinearLayout>

Layout Manager
RelativeLayout
<RelativeLayout …………… >
<TextView android:id="@+id/userNameLbl"
android:text="Username: “
android:layout_alignParentTop="true" />
<EditText android:id="@+id/userNameText"
android:layout_toRightOf="@id/userNameLbl" />
<TextView android:id="@+id/pwdLbl"
android:layout_below="@id/userNameText"
android:text="Password: " />
<EditText android:id="@+id/pwdText"
android:layout_toRightOf="@id/pwdLbl"
android:layout_below="@id/userNameText" />
<TextView android:id="@+id/pwdCriteria"
android:layout_below="@id/pwdText"
android:text="Password Criteria... " />
</RelativeLayout>

TableLayout
<TableLayout ……… >
<TableRow>
<TextView android:text="First Name:“
<EditText android:text="Edgar“
</TableRow>
<TableRow>
<TextView android:text="Last Name:"
<EditText android:text="Poe"
</TableRow>
</TableLayout>
Layout Manager

Layout Manager
FrameLayout
<FrameLayout android:id="@+id/frmLayout"
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/oneImgView"
android:src="@drawable/one"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/twoImgView"
android:src="@drawable/two"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:visibility="gone" />
</FrameLayout>

Styles
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<style name=“SpelError">
<item
name="android:layout_width">fill_parent</item>
<item
name="android:layout_height">wrap_content</item>
<item name="android:textColor">#FF0000</item>
<item
name="android:typeface">monospace</item>
</style>
</resources>
………………..
<TextView android:id="@+id/errorText"
style="@style/ SpelError"
android:text=“Styling”
/>
Styles

Themes
If you have some style elements you want applied across an entire activity, or across
the whole application, you should use a theme instead. A theme is it’s exactly like a
style. To specify a theme for an activity or an application, we would add an attribute
to the <activity>or <application>tag in the AndroidManifest.xml.
<activity android:theme="@style/MyActivityTheme">
<application android:theme="@style/MyApplicationTheme">
Themes

Intent
A mechanism to communicate from one component to another.
It defines intention of an application and also used to transfer
data.
An Intent mainly can be used :-
 To start an activity or service.
 To transfer data etc.

Intent
Types of Intents:-
 Implicit

Intents
 Explicit

Built-in Intent Actions
Intent

Data Passing
An intent can include an additional attribute called extras which
can be used to pass data.
This extra information is represented by an Android class called
android.os.Bundle.
// Place a bundle in an intent
Bundle anotherBundle = new Bundle();
//populate the bundle with key/value pairs
//and then set the bundle on the Intent
intent.putExtras(anotherBundle);
//Get the Bundle from an Intent
Bundle extraBundle = intent.getExtras();

Data Passing
You can use a number of methods to add fundamental types to
the bundle.
putExtra(String name, boolean value);
putExtra(String name, int value);
putExtra(String name, double value);
putExtra(String name, String value);

Android - Day 1

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Android - Day 1