This document provides a guided tour of important locations in Vilnius, Lithuania related to Andrew Sniadecki from 1797-1838. It features pictures and addresses of Vilnius University buildings where Sniadecki taught chemistry, the Collegium Medicum where the first lectures on chemistry and the first botanical garden were located, and the house where Sniadecki lived and died on Didžioji street. It also mentions the establishment of the first Institute of Vaccination and where the first issue of "Pavement News" was distributed.
Railienė Birutė, Miknienė Giedrė. A fragment of the dissemination of the hist...Birute Railiene
The initiative to bring together historians of science from the Baltic States took place in Riga in 1958. Prof. Paul Stradiņš (1896-1958) organized a joint meeting for historians of science from Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania. A program for future joint activities was developed, and the tradition of joined conferences Scientiarum Baltica in each country followed. Since 1991, the Baltic Association on History and Philosophy of Science (BAHPS) (uniting independent societies of Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian historians and philosophers of science) has been over the conference and also coordinates the dissemination of information on scientific heritage in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Finnish Society for the History of Science and Learning joined the BAHPS in 2012.
The paper aims to present an overview of the published outcome of the conference. Survey will be based on the annotated bibliography of the conference (1958-1985). During 1958˗2019, 29 conferences were organised and 2880 papers were presented.
Retrospective bibliographical index - a universal source for history of scien...Birute Railiene
The paper is intended to discuss the significance of the national retrospective analytical bibliography in scientific and cultural history studies. The C series of the publication "Lithuanian Bibliography", which registers the publications of Lithuanian periodicals and continuing publications, was chosen as the object of the research. At the beginning of the article, the adaptation of national bibliography data in social sciences and humanities studies is discussed, and short statistics on foreign countries preparing national bibliography are presented. Below is an overview of the historical development of the national retrospective bibliography in Lithuania and the activities and contribution of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in the preparation of publications of this series, discusses the structure and chronological scope of national retrospective analytical bibliography publications, principles of selection of publications, classification system, technological changes in the publication of national retrospective bibliography.
A chemistry of life and science: Professor Jędrzej Śniadecki at Vilnius unive...Birute Railiene
Paper presents a famous Polish professor, scholar, physician and educator Jędrzej Śniadecki (1768–1838) who, after studies in Italy and Scotland, settled in Lithuania, and gave 40 years of his most active life to Vilnius University. From all publications, the manual of chemistry Początiki Chemii (Origins of Chemistry, 1800), the fundamental philosophical work Teoria Jestestw Organicznych (Theory of Organic Beings, 1804, 1838) brought him the greatest glory. Sniadecki was a pioneer in the field of biochemistry and pediatry.
About tradition and new challenges in a bibliographical work to create a personal bibliographical index. In Lithuanian.
Vienoje knygoje surinkus kūrėjo darbų aprašus, jo veiklos paminėjimą spaudoje – sukuriamas bibliometrinis instrumentas tolesniems konkrečios mokslo šakos tyrimams, parengiamas mokslo istorijos šaltinis.
Railienė Birutė, Miknienė Giedrė. A fragment of the dissemination of the hist...Birute Railiene
The initiative to bring together historians of science from the Baltic States took place in Riga in 1958. Prof. Paul Stradiņš (1896-1958) organized a joint meeting for historians of science from Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania. A program for future joint activities was developed, and the tradition of joined conferences Scientiarum Baltica in each country followed. Since 1991, the Baltic Association on History and Philosophy of Science (BAHPS) (uniting independent societies of Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian historians and philosophers of science) has been over the conference and also coordinates the dissemination of information on scientific heritage in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The Finnish Society for the History of Science and Learning joined the BAHPS in 2012.
The paper aims to present an overview of the published outcome of the conference. Survey will be based on the annotated bibliography of the conference (1958-1985). During 1958˗2019, 29 conferences were organised and 2880 papers were presented.
Retrospective bibliographical index - a universal source for history of scien...Birute Railiene
The paper is intended to discuss the significance of the national retrospective analytical bibliography in scientific and cultural history studies. The C series of the publication "Lithuanian Bibliography", which registers the publications of Lithuanian periodicals and continuing publications, was chosen as the object of the research. At the beginning of the article, the adaptation of national bibliography data in social sciences and humanities studies is discussed, and short statistics on foreign countries preparing national bibliography are presented. Below is an overview of the historical development of the national retrospective bibliography in Lithuania and the activities and contribution of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in the preparation of publications of this series, discusses the structure and chronological scope of national retrospective analytical bibliography publications, principles of selection of publications, classification system, technological changes in the publication of national retrospective bibliography.
A chemistry of life and science: Professor Jędrzej Śniadecki at Vilnius unive...Birute Railiene
Paper presents a famous Polish professor, scholar, physician and educator Jędrzej Śniadecki (1768–1838) who, after studies in Italy and Scotland, settled in Lithuania, and gave 40 years of his most active life to Vilnius University. From all publications, the manual of chemistry Początiki Chemii (Origins of Chemistry, 1800), the fundamental philosophical work Teoria Jestestw Organicznych (Theory of Organic Beings, 1804, 1838) brought him the greatest glory. Sniadecki was a pioneer in the field of biochemistry and pediatry.
About tradition and new challenges in a bibliographical work to create a personal bibliographical index. In Lithuanian.
Vienoje knygoje surinkus kūrėjo darbų aprašus, jo veiklos paminėjimą spaudoje – sukuriamas bibliometrinis instrumentas tolesniems konkrečios mokslo šakos tyrimams, parengiamas mokslo istorijos šaltinis.
Railienė B., Olechnoviciene J. Publishing a newspaper Pavement News – a respi...Birute Railiene
Historical studies of the Vilnius University (founded in 1579), enlisting subjects, names and facts sometimes cover a more vide range of the academic activities, including a description of academic respite. The leisure in 19th ct was much different from its forms in 21th. Here we would like to present a newspaper Wiadomosci Brukowe (Pavement News), issued during 1816–1822 in Vilnius. It was secretly published from the first issue. From 1817 it was issued by an informal society Rascals. The society itself deserves a special survey, but we would like to give only some facts: almost all members were the respectable professors of the university or honourable community representatives. The idea of a society was “humour and good temper”. The special fact about the society was secrecy – they used names from Lithuanian mythology to sign their articles in Wiadomosci Brukowe. Prof. Andrew Sniadecki (1768–1838) was one of the editors and author of many articles.
Wiadomosci Brukowe was a weekly satiric newspaper, first of such sort issues in Lithuania. It was founded by a Ignacy Emanuel Lachnicki (1793–1826) and Kazimir Kontrim (1777–1836), since 1817 was issued by a society Rascals. The newspaper was disseminated in Lithuania, Poland, Russia. Authors did their best to mock on the faults of a society, greed, drinking, etc. Their special gun was satire, sometimes it was very sharp. The paper will present content analysis of the newspaper, as a platform to comment latest events of society life, also including comments by University professors.
Bibliographical data sources for history of science in Baltic countriesBirute Railiene
In few centuries bibliographical data has changed from lists and bibliographies to multilevel metadata records, linking information worldwide. Though the general idea of tracing, describing and sorting information initially remained for the benefit or a user, still intending to “save the time of the reader” (Ranganathan, Five Laws of Library Science).
Isights are based on the cataloguing practises, which reveal metadata for historical investigation of science: personal bibliography, research advising in PhD, institutional affiliation in research, etc.
Bibliographical databases of major research institutions and universities in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are presented, introducing and discussing ways of integrating relevant entries from national bibliographies into a new open-access international initiative.
George Sarton and Isis – a paradigm of bibliography in history of scienceBirute Railiene
Paper discuses a bibliographical experience of over one hundred years advocated by a first journal of history of science – Isis. The journal was established by a Belgian mathematician and a pioneer of history of science George Sarton (1884–1956), in Belgium, in 1913. The first volume of a journal already held a substantial bibliographical material – a critical bibliography on history of science, including an introduction and address to the world community of historians of science. G. Sarton introduced idea of compiling a bibliography of science as an urgent and important task, which does not tent to be complete in the first volume, but hopes to introduce the most important information from the whole world. G. Sarton acknowledges his intention to sift scientific material from “amussette”, though the latter material is also allowed to a bibliography to give it some “spirit”. Classification was the second main task G. Sarton seeks for the bibliographical material. The classification system he created was partly influenced by ideas of Augustus Comte (1798–1857) and Wilhelm Ostwald (1853–1932) and was only slightly altered during last decades. Bibliographical material was taking over a space of scientific journals, so it was decided to publish an additional volume Isis Current Bibliography, (IsisCB) completely dedicated to a history of science bibliography. The editorial board took over G. Sarton‘s idea of to “store all records, century by century”, and issued several cumulative indexes for bibliographical material of 1913–1965 (90 volumes) and 1965–1975 (91–100 volumes) . In the beginning of 21st ct. Isis CB was transferred to a platform with an open access to the whole bibliographical data. The paper argues scientometrical and prosopographical issues of the Isis CB and a heritage of history of science in a Digital form.
„LECTIONES VILNENSES ANDREAE SNIADECKI“ – PRACTICE OF HERITAGE DISSEMINATION“Birute Railiene
Biographical study and bibliography of published works, also works about Andrew Sniadecki (Jędrzej Sniadecki, 1768-1838), a famous professor of chemistry at the University of Vilnius, Lithuania, inspired us to revitalize a tradition to celebrate his birthday. The event was so popular within the university community in 19th ct.
In 2012 the first event of scholarly readings, named „Lectiones Vilnenses Andreae Sniadecki“ was organized. Now it is organized at the same date (30 November) for three years already. During the Lectiones papers and lecture texts by Sniadecki are read. Preference is given to unpublished and less known works. Texts are read by famous specialist of the field, also by enthusiasts. During the discussions suggestions for the commemoration of a chemical heritage are introduced, the place for next event is voted for. It should have a historical link with the activities of prof. Sniadecki. The coming event will include a lecture with demonstration of chemical experiments, and the actors will be involved.
The event was started by a lonely enthusiast, and now it became a good practice for historians of chemistry to meet; each time it attracts community of science history enthusiasts, information is disseminated to reach even wider community.
In the paper a good practice of an event will be presented, the suggestions for international scope will be both raised and requested.
Mykolas Balinskis - mokslo istorijos metraštininkasBirute Railiene
Mykolas Balinskis (Michal Balinski, 1794 – 1864) - Lietuvos istorikas, publicistas, istorijos šaltinių leidėjas
Lithuanian historian, publisher of historical sources, writer. is famous for publishing historical sources on history of Poland, Lithuania, monographs on Barbora Radvilaitė, etc.
Dissertation as a document provides data on new knowledge, but also – encodes important scientometrical information. A study of social structure of science through data found in dissertations and theses provides bibliometrical data for study of national style of science. The pilot study, described below encourages the library community to improve their documentation in this area, in particular, the notation of supervisors and institutions within a bibliographical record. It is proposed that the CBD argue for stricter standards of library/archive record of dissertation.
Along with the dissertation data in the new IsisCB platform the social structure of the history of science community might be analysed. Scientometrical study of dissertation abstracts at a local level (ie., Lithuania) will provide a model for future studies of scholarly communication at global level.
Personal bibliography forming a public image of a scientist Birute Railiene
Information service experiences technological changes – expanding possibilities for data retrieving and storing, the process also involves rising remands from the users. Library services has to change to meet the changing need of users.
Bibliography – the basis of international intellectual cooperation (EC Richardson, 1939) – still
Personal bibliography – instrument to draw a historical portrait of a person, institution, field of science
Personal bibliography – a core for prosopography in a history of science
Pauls Valdens (1863–1957) one mans love to a chemistryBirute Railiene
Conference “EcoBalt” (2013, Vilnius, LITHUANIA) is focused on the recent developments in the field of environmental, analytical and green chemistry. Why are you all here? I guess you care. About future. And a care about future will be succeseful only if you learn lessons of past well. And now I shall introduce you a man, who cared about future, who knew past very well and who loved chemistry with all his heart. And almost for all his life.
Paul Walden (1863–1957) was a prominent chemist and historian of science, by origin – a Latvian and Russian, later he became a German citizen.
He bacame popular for his works in stereochemistry. In particular he invented the stereochemical reaction known as Walden inversion and synthesized the first room-temperature ionic liquid, ethylammonium nitrate.
Later in his life he devoted himself to the history of chemistry. In his historical surveys he applied scientometrics – a method measure of bibliographical data for science evaluation. It was in 1911 – first time in East Europe.
Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research. A s...Birute Railiene
Birute Railiene. Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research : a survey of perception and demand
Paper for the 5th International Conference of the European Society of History of Science, Athens, 1-3 November 2012
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Railienė B., Olechnoviciene J. Publishing a newspaper Pavement News – a respi...Birute Railiene
Historical studies of the Vilnius University (founded in 1579), enlisting subjects, names and facts sometimes cover a more vide range of the academic activities, including a description of academic respite. The leisure in 19th ct was much different from its forms in 21th. Here we would like to present a newspaper Wiadomosci Brukowe (Pavement News), issued during 1816–1822 in Vilnius. It was secretly published from the first issue. From 1817 it was issued by an informal society Rascals. The society itself deserves a special survey, but we would like to give only some facts: almost all members were the respectable professors of the university or honourable community representatives. The idea of a society was “humour and good temper”. The special fact about the society was secrecy – they used names from Lithuanian mythology to sign their articles in Wiadomosci Brukowe. Prof. Andrew Sniadecki (1768–1838) was one of the editors and author of many articles.
Wiadomosci Brukowe was a weekly satiric newspaper, first of such sort issues in Lithuania. It was founded by a Ignacy Emanuel Lachnicki (1793–1826) and Kazimir Kontrim (1777–1836), since 1817 was issued by a society Rascals. The newspaper was disseminated in Lithuania, Poland, Russia. Authors did their best to mock on the faults of a society, greed, drinking, etc. Their special gun was satire, sometimes it was very sharp. The paper will present content analysis of the newspaper, as a platform to comment latest events of society life, also including comments by University professors.
Bibliographical data sources for history of science in Baltic countriesBirute Railiene
In few centuries bibliographical data has changed from lists and bibliographies to multilevel metadata records, linking information worldwide. Though the general idea of tracing, describing and sorting information initially remained for the benefit or a user, still intending to “save the time of the reader” (Ranganathan, Five Laws of Library Science).
Isights are based on the cataloguing practises, which reveal metadata for historical investigation of science: personal bibliography, research advising in PhD, institutional affiliation in research, etc.
Bibliographical databases of major research institutions and universities in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are presented, introducing and discussing ways of integrating relevant entries from national bibliographies into a new open-access international initiative.
George Sarton and Isis – a paradigm of bibliography in history of scienceBirute Railiene
Paper discuses a bibliographical experience of over one hundred years advocated by a first journal of history of science – Isis. The journal was established by a Belgian mathematician and a pioneer of history of science George Sarton (1884–1956), in Belgium, in 1913. The first volume of a journal already held a substantial bibliographical material – a critical bibliography on history of science, including an introduction and address to the world community of historians of science. G. Sarton introduced idea of compiling a bibliography of science as an urgent and important task, which does not tent to be complete in the first volume, but hopes to introduce the most important information from the whole world. G. Sarton acknowledges his intention to sift scientific material from “amussette”, though the latter material is also allowed to a bibliography to give it some “spirit”. Classification was the second main task G. Sarton seeks for the bibliographical material. The classification system he created was partly influenced by ideas of Augustus Comte (1798–1857) and Wilhelm Ostwald (1853–1932) and was only slightly altered during last decades. Bibliographical material was taking over a space of scientific journals, so it was decided to publish an additional volume Isis Current Bibliography, (IsisCB) completely dedicated to a history of science bibliography. The editorial board took over G. Sarton‘s idea of to “store all records, century by century”, and issued several cumulative indexes for bibliographical material of 1913–1965 (90 volumes) and 1965–1975 (91–100 volumes) . In the beginning of 21st ct. Isis CB was transferred to a platform with an open access to the whole bibliographical data. The paper argues scientometrical and prosopographical issues of the Isis CB and a heritage of history of science in a Digital form.
„LECTIONES VILNENSES ANDREAE SNIADECKI“ – PRACTICE OF HERITAGE DISSEMINATION“Birute Railiene
Biographical study and bibliography of published works, also works about Andrew Sniadecki (Jędrzej Sniadecki, 1768-1838), a famous professor of chemistry at the University of Vilnius, Lithuania, inspired us to revitalize a tradition to celebrate his birthday. The event was so popular within the university community in 19th ct.
In 2012 the first event of scholarly readings, named „Lectiones Vilnenses Andreae Sniadecki“ was organized. Now it is organized at the same date (30 November) for three years already. During the Lectiones papers and lecture texts by Sniadecki are read. Preference is given to unpublished and less known works. Texts are read by famous specialist of the field, also by enthusiasts. During the discussions suggestions for the commemoration of a chemical heritage are introduced, the place for next event is voted for. It should have a historical link with the activities of prof. Sniadecki. The coming event will include a lecture with demonstration of chemical experiments, and the actors will be involved.
The event was started by a lonely enthusiast, and now it became a good practice for historians of chemistry to meet; each time it attracts community of science history enthusiasts, information is disseminated to reach even wider community.
In the paper a good practice of an event will be presented, the suggestions for international scope will be both raised and requested.
Mykolas Balinskis - mokslo istorijos metraštininkasBirute Railiene
Mykolas Balinskis (Michal Balinski, 1794 – 1864) - Lietuvos istorikas, publicistas, istorijos šaltinių leidėjas
Lithuanian historian, publisher of historical sources, writer. is famous for publishing historical sources on history of Poland, Lithuania, monographs on Barbora Radvilaitė, etc.
Dissertation as a document provides data on new knowledge, but also – encodes important scientometrical information. A study of social structure of science through data found in dissertations and theses provides bibliometrical data for study of national style of science. The pilot study, described below encourages the library community to improve their documentation in this area, in particular, the notation of supervisors and institutions within a bibliographical record. It is proposed that the CBD argue for stricter standards of library/archive record of dissertation.
Along with the dissertation data in the new IsisCB platform the social structure of the history of science community might be analysed. Scientometrical study of dissertation abstracts at a local level (ie., Lithuania) will provide a model for future studies of scholarly communication at global level.
Personal bibliography forming a public image of a scientist Birute Railiene
Information service experiences technological changes – expanding possibilities for data retrieving and storing, the process also involves rising remands from the users. Library services has to change to meet the changing need of users.
Bibliography – the basis of international intellectual cooperation (EC Richardson, 1939) – still
Personal bibliography – instrument to draw a historical portrait of a person, institution, field of science
Personal bibliography – a core for prosopography in a history of science
Pauls Valdens (1863–1957) one mans love to a chemistryBirute Railiene
Conference “EcoBalt” (2013, Vilnius, LITHUANIA) is focused on the recent developments in the field of environmental, analytical and green chemistry. Why are you all here? I guess you care. About future. And a care about future will be succeseful only if you learn lessons of past well. And now I shall introduce you a man, who cared about future, who knew past very well and who loved chemistry with all his heart. And almost for all his life.
Paul Walden (1863–1957) was a prominent chemist and historian of science, by origin – a Latvian and Russian, later he became a German citizen.
He bacame popular for his works in stereochemistry. In particular he invented the stereochemical reaction known as Walden inversion and synthesized the first room-temperature ionic liquid, ethylammonium nitrate.
Later in his life he devoted himself to the history of chemistry. In his historical surveys he applied scientometrics – a method measure of bibliographical data for science evaluation. It was in 1911 – first time in East Europe.
Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research. A s...Birute Railiene
Birute Railiene. Institutionalisation of an open access – a new possibility for research : a survey of perception and demand
Paper for the 5th International Conference of the European Society of History of Science, Athens, 1-3 November 2012
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
7. • Collegium medicum
courtyard, where the first
botanical garden was
established to grow medical
herbs for the lectures of
pharmacology
• Pilies str. 22, Vilnius
13. • Institute of vaccination
established by Joseph Frank
in 1808. main field of
activities – vaccination,
bacteriology (1808–1918).
• Didžioji str. 22, Vilnius
14. • Vilnius municipality
building. In 1816 here on
the pavement first issue of
Pavement News was
“distributed” .
• Didžioji str. 31, Vilnius
18. • A mound was errected by
pupils and friends of
Andrew Sniadecki in 1838,
after his death on the way
of his last yourney to
Belarus. The mound was
called Andrejewka for years.
• Liepkalnio str. 18, Vilnius