At the end of the session audience will be able to: Explain the mechanism of different physiological processes- Breathing Coughing Sneezing Phonation Temperature regulation Blinking

1. Anatomy of Selected
Physiological Processes
Guided by,
Dr. Zinnat Ara Yesmin
Assistant professor
Dept. of Anatomy, BSMMU
Presented by,
Dr. Md. Mohiuddin Masum

2. Objectives
At the end of the session audience will be
able to:
Explain the mechanism of different
physiological processes-
●
Breathing
●
Coughing
●
Sneezing
●
Phonation
●
Temperature regulation
●
Blinking

3. Breathing
The process of taking air into and expelling it
from the lungs
(Oxford Dictionary)

4. 22
minutes
Breathing

5. Breathing

6. Breathing
Internal intercostal
External intercostal
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversusu abdominis
Rectus abdominis
The Diaphragm
Scalene
Sternocleidomastoid

7. Breathing

8. Breathing

9. Breathing

10. Breathing

11. Breathing

12. Breathing

13. Breathing

14. Breathing

15. Coughing
A rapid expulsion of air from the lungs,
typically in order to clear the lung airways
of fluids, mucus, or other material.
(MedicineNet.com)

16. 90
decibel
Coughing

17. Coughing

18. Coughing

19. Coughing

20. Coughing

21. Sneezing
Expulsion of air and nasal secretions from
the nose involuntarily, as the result of
irritation of the nasal mucous membrane
(Collins Dictionary)

22. Sneezing
100
Miles/hr
39
Miles/hr

23. Sneezing

24. Sneezing

25. Sneezing

26. Coughing vs. Sneezing
Coughing Sneezing
Receptor Irritation of the trachea, bronchi Irritation of nasal mucosa
Afferent nerve
Vagus and glossopharyngeal
nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Mechanism
involved
Both reflex and voluntary Only reflex

27. Phonation
The process of producing vocal sounds and
especially speech
(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)

28. Phonation

29. Phonation

30. Phonation

31. Phonation

32. Phonation

33. Phonation

34. Phonation
Quiet
Breathing
Full
Inspiration
Whispering
Voice
High-pitched
Voice
Open
Rotate Laterally
Close
Rotate Medially
Close
Slide Medially

35. Phonation

36. Phonation
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Upper larynx
Pharynx

37. Phonation
Palate
Lip
Teeth
Tongue

38. Phonation

39. Temperature Regulation
Temperature regulation is the process
that allows the human body to maintain
its core internal temperature
(healthline.com)

40. Temperature Regulation
1Hour 42 Seconds52 Minutes

41. Temperature Regulation
Why?
To provide the optimum conditions for
enzyme-catalysed reactions
to be carried out

42. Temperature Regulation
Hypothalamus

43. Temperature Regulation
Posterior
hypothalamic
area
Anterior
hypothalamic
area

44. Temperature Regulation

45. Blinking
Involuntary rapid closing of eyes followed by
rapid opening

46. Blinking
16/minute
9 days/year
100-150 milliseconds

47. Blinking

48. Blinking

49. 4
6
2
1
7
3
5
G
N
Z
E
E
N
S
I
H
G
U
O
C
N
I NHTAERB
P H Y S I O L O G I C A
R
O
C
E
S
S
E
S
L
B
I
N
G
N
I
K
P H N A T I O N
T M P A R A T U R E
R
G
U
L
A
T
I
O
N

50. Thank
You
T h r e e a p p l e s f e l l f r o m h e ave n :
o n e f o r t h e t e l l e r, o n e f o r t h e
l i s t e n e r,
a n d o n e f o r h i m
w h o t a ke s i t t o h e a r t . “
( A r m e n i a n t a l e )