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1. Arts by Saroj sah
Rama university

3.  Each eyeball is a cystic structure kept
distended by the pressure.
Shape:- Generally refers to globe, consisting of two modified
sphere fused together.i.e cornea is a part of the anterior small
sphere, and sclera is posterior large sphere.
Poles:-Central point on the maximal convexities of anterior
and posterior curvature of eye is called anterior and posterior
poles.
Equator of the eyeball lies at the mid plane between the two
poles.

4.  Dimensions of an adult eyeball
 Anteroposterior diameter :-24mm
 Horizontal diameter:-23.5mm
 Vertical diameter:-23mm
 Circumference:-75mm
 Volume:-6.5ml
 Weight:-7gm

5.  There are three types of layers i,e
 1) Outer fibrous layer :- It is also consists of
 a) Cornea :- It is transparent having
 1/6th parts of eye ball.
 b) sclera :-5/6th white opaque parts of
 eye ball.
 2) Middle vascular layers :- It supplies nutrition to the various structures of eye
ball.
 a) Iris :- It is circular colour having center
 aperture of about 4mm diameter called
 pupil, that regulates the amount of light
 reaching the retina.
 b) Ciliary body :- It is trangular in shape that helps to forms
 aqueous humour.
 c) Choroid :- It is smooth, brown lies in contact wit pigment epithelium of
 retina that extend from optic disc to ora serrata



6.  3) Inner nervous layer :-
 a) Retina :- it consists of
ten layers of nerve cells and nerve fibers lying
on a pigmented epithelium layers.
 Macula is yellow area of retina with central
depression called fovea centralies.
 It is sensitive parts of retina.

7. There are two segments of eye ball division.
1) Anterior segment :- It includes crystaline lens
iris, cornea and also aqueous
homour.
- it is also sub divided into
a) anterior chamber:-
- Bounded anterior by back of
cornea.
- Bounded posterior by iris
part of ciliary body.

8.  - about 2.5mm deep in the centre in normal
adults.
 - shallower in hypermetropes and deeper in
myopes
 - contains about 0.25ml of the aqueous humour
 b) Posterior chamber :-
 - contains 0.06ml of aqueous humour
 - Bounded anterior by iris and ciliary
body
 - Posterior by crystaline lens.

9.  Posterior segment :- It includes posterior to
lens, vitreous humour,retina,choroid optic disc.

10.  Arterial supply:-
 a) Short ciliary artery(20 no)
 b) Long ciliary artery(2 no)
 c) central retinal artery
 Venous drainage:-
 a) short ciliary veins
 b) anterior ciliary veins
 c) central retinal veins

11.  a) 3rd nerve :- 1)superior division
 Levator palpebral superioris
 Superior rectus
 2) Inferior division :-
 Medial rectus
 Inferior rectus
 Inferior oblique
 Branch of ciliary ganglion


12.  b) 4th cranial nerve(trochlear):- superior oblique
 muscles
 c) 6th cranial nerve(abducens):- Lateral rectus
 d) 7th cranial nerve(Facial) :- orbicularis oculi
 e) 5th cranial nerve(Trigemal) :- It supply
opthalmic division of whole eye.