The document is a series of pages created using BCL ALLPDF Converter trial software that repeatedly states how to purchase the full software. It includes anatomical diagrams and descriptions related to thoracic anatomy, including the mediastinum, lungs, heart, great vessels, diaphragm and associated structures. The pages provide labeling and brief explanations of various thoracic features like the pleura, ribs, costal cartilages, and structures found within the mediastinum such as the pericardium and heart.

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3. 1. Coberta por pele, fáscia e músculos;
2. Função principal de proteger as vísceras toracicas + função mecânica para
respiração;
3. Trabalha junto com a cavidade abdominal fazendo aumentar e diminuir as
pressões intra-abdominal e intra-toracica  transferencia de gas.
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4. Costelas:
Verdadeiras: 1-7
Falsas: 8-10
Flutuantes: duas últimas
Típicas: 3ª 9ª
• Colo
• Corpo
• cabeça
• tubérculo
Atípicas: 1ª, 2ª,10ª - 12ª
As cartilagens costais prolongam as
costelas anteriormente e ajudam na
elasticidade da caixa toracica.elasticidade da caixa toracica.
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5. Atípica
Obs: Fratura de costela; Toracotomia;
costela extra-numerária
Típica
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6. Vértebras costais ou toracicas
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10. Braço de bomba e alça de balde: a
combinação destes movimentos
aumenta os diâmetros AP e
transversal da Caixa torácica.
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11. Camada superficial;
Homens e mulheres;
Glândulas mamárias + tecido gorduroso  mais desenvolvido nas mulheres 
reprodução
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22. Importância da disposição anatômica dessas estruturas???
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27. Mediastino
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29. Pleura: Saco seroso com duas membranas contínuas.
1. pleura parietal: reveste a cavidade pleural
2. Pleura visceral: aderido aos pulmões.
3. cavidade pleural: contém liquido seroso que facilita o deslizamento do
pulmão.
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31. Lesão pleural
Atrito
pleural
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32. Pulmões:
função da respiração – troca gasosa
São leves, macios, rosáceos, esponjosos e elásticos;
São separados pelo coração;
Possui uma raiz e um hilo;
Dividido em lobos por fissuras;
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33. Face mediastinal
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37. Traquéia e brônquios
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38. Brônquio principal
Bronquíolo segmentar
Bronquíolo terminal
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43. Circulação pulmonar
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44. Tronco pulmonar
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45.  O ar entra no trato respiratório através de duas aberturas chamadas
narinas.
 Em seguida, flui pelas cavidades nasais direita e esquerda, que
estão revestidas por mucosa respiratória.
 O septo nasal separa essas duas cavidades.
 Os pêlos do interior das narinas filtram grandes partículas de poeira
que podem ser inaladas.
 Além disso, a cavidade nasal contêm células receptoras para o
olfato.
Nariz
olfato.
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47. FARINGE
A faringe é um tubo que começa nas coanas e estende-se para baixo no pescoço.
Ela se situa logo atrás das cavidades nasais e logo a frente às vértebras cervicais.
A faringe funciona como uma passagem de ar e alimento.
A faringe é dividida em três regiões anatômicas: nasofaringe, orofaringe e laringofaringe.
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50. LARINGE
A laringe é um órgão curto que conecta a faringe com a traquéia. Ela se situa na
linha mediana do pescoço, diante da quarta, quinta e sexta vértebra
cervicais.
A laringe tem três funções:
Atua como passagem para o ar durante a respiração;
Produz som, ou seja, a voz (por esta razão é chamada de caixa de voz);
Impede que o alimento e objetos estranhos entrem nas estruturas respiratóriasImpede que o alimento e objetos estranhos entrem nas estruturas respiratórias
(como a traquéia).
A parede da laringe é composta de nove peças de cartilagens.
Três são ímpares (cartilagem tireóidea, cricóidea e epiglótica) e três são pares
(cartilagem aritenóidea, cuneiforme e corniculada).
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54. Mediastino:
Cavidade central onde ficam alojadas toas as vísceras torácicas, exceto os
pulmões;
É coberto pela pleura mediastinal;
Estende-se da abertura superior do tórax ao diafragma e do esterno ao
corpo das vértebras;
Região móvel com vísceras ocas e cheias de líquido;(presas por tecido conj.
frouxo);  importante para respiração e pulsação das artérias;
1. Mediastino Superior
2. Mediastino inferior: Anterior, médio e inferior;
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55. Mediastino:
T4-T5
Mediastino
médio
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56. Mediastino médio
1. Contém o pericárdio, o coração, os grandes vasos( aorta, VCI), Tronco pulmonar...
2. PERICÁRDIO: saco fibroseroso que envolve o coração; Duas lâminas (fibrosa e
serosa –visceral e parietal);
3. Preso pelo ligamento pericardicofrênco;
Pericárdio fibroso
Pericárdio seroso
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58. Seio transerso do
pericárdio
Importância clínica
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59. T5-T6: área núa do
pericárdio
pericardiocentese
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60. Áreas de menorÁreas de menor
risco para punção
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61. 1. Bomba muscular dupla (Direita e esquerda)
2. Recebe sangue pouco oxigenado e envia sangue oxigenado;
3. Possui 4 câmaras: átrio e ventrículo Direito + átrio e ventrículo Esquerdo.
4. Ciclo cardíaco: Diástole (relaxamento) e sístole(contração);
5. Bulhas cardíacas;
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62. Circulação nas câmaras cardíacas
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63. Circulação nas câmaras cardíacas
Veias pulmonares
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64. Camadas do coração
Pericárdio
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66. Miocárdio: fibras obliquas; movimento de torção; presas ao esqueleto ou trígono
fibroso.
Arcabouço Rico em
colágeno
Ancora as fibras do miocárdio;
Mantém aberta os orifícios p as
válvulas semilunares;
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67. Coração e raiz dos grandes vasos
1. Coração + saco pericárdico=
2/3 à esquerda;
2. Forma de pirâmide ou cônica
 face diafragmática, face
esternocostal e faceesternocostal e face
pulmonar;
3. Um ápice olhando para
frente e para baixo (antero-
inferior);
4. Uma base oposta olhando
posteriormente;
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70. Câmaras cardíacas: átrio Direito
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73. forame oval, é um orifício no septo entre os dois átrios cardíacos direito e
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74. Ventrículo Direito
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77. Sai do VD
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78. Átrio Esquerdo
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79. Átrio Esquerdo
com suas 4
veias
pulmonares
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80. Ventrículo esquerdo:
1. Valva AV esquerda
2. Trabéculas cárneas mais fortes
3. Músculos papilares
4. Cordas tendíneas
5. Óstio da aorta
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81. Mitral
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82. Mitraltricúspide
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83. Parte ascendente da
aorta
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85. Ramo ascendente
da aorta
Mediastino
superior
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86. Algumas estrutiras do mediastino Superior: acima do ângulo do esterno
Timo
Grandes vasos: VCS, Tronco Braquiocefálico, arco da aorta, traquéia e esôfago.
Mediastino
superior
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88. No mediastino posterior,vamos ter principalmente a parte torácica da
aorta e o esôfago.
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91. Mediastino posterior
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