1. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
The Analysis of Culture
Raymond Williams
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28.02.2013

2. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Definition of Culture
Ideal Documentary Social
State or process of The body of Description of a
human perfection in intellectual and particular way of life
terms of absolute or imaginative work expressing certain
universal values where human thought meanings and values in
and experience are art, learning, institutions
variously recorded and ordinary behaviour
Analysis of Culture
Discovery and The activity of Clarification of
description of those criticism meanings and values
values in lives and implicit and explicit in a
works. particular way of life.
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28.02.2013

3. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Each of these definitions present important
referencesabouttheculturetherefore;
Any theory of culture Any particular
must include all three. definitionbetween those
three is inadequate if
excludes the others
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28.02.2013

4. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
For ideal definition,
Difficult to identify the process of human perfection with
the discovery of absolute values because these are
ordinarily defined.
Instead of human perfection,theprocess can be called
as human evolution
theprocess of general humangrowth of man
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28.02.2013

5. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Documentary analysis of cultureprovidesspecific
evidence about the whole organization
But it cannot be really claimed to know the society
although a great deal of history has been written
Needforselection of particularactivitiesforemphasis
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28.02.2013

6. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Culturalhistorymust be morethansum of thoseparticularhistories,
but alsotherelationsbetweenthem
Theory of culturethestudy of relationshipsbetween
elements in a whole way of life.
Analysis of culture the attempt to discover the nature of
the organization which is the
complex of these relationships.
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28.02.2013

7. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Social character structure of the people of
thesocietyorsocialclass
accordingtotheirway of
life.
Pattern of culture selection andconfiguration
of interestsandactivities
and a particularvaluation of
them.
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28.02.2013

8. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Structure of feeling the particular living
result of all theelements
in the generalorganization
• Is not seemto be learned.
• Is not possessed in thesamewaybythemanyindividuals in
thecommunity
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28.02.2013

9. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
This element, structure of feeling, can be
learnedbylookingdocumentaryculture
Show the life in directterms
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28.02.2013

10. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
3 levels of culture
Livedculture– particular time
andplaceonlyfullyaccessibletothoseliving in that time
andplace.
Recordedculture– from art toeverdayfacts, theculture of a
period
Factorconnectingthelivedandrecordedculture– theculture
of selectivetradition
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28.02.2013

11. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Thereforetheculture of a period can be
carefullystudiedifideasaboutits
• Culturalwork
• Socialcharacter
• General patterns of activityandvalues
• Structure of feelingarerecovered.
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28.02.2013

12. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
However it seems not
possibletoknowalltherecordsevenmostspecialists
knowonly a partof them.
Therefore, thereneed a selectiveprocess.
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28.02.2013

13. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Everyoneliving in theperiodwouldhave had
somethingnolaterindividualrecover. That is the sense of
life in whichthenovelswerewritten.
Selection
Selectivetradition – fromwhole body of activities,
certainthingsareselectedforvalueandemphasis
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28.02.2013

14. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Selectivetraditioncreates;
• A general humanculture
• Historicalrecord of a particularsociety
• A rejection of considerableareas of
whatwasonce a livingculture.
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28.02.2013

15. Toreach a realimage of a certainculture
Alltheelementsmentionedshould be seen in
certainrealrelations

16. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Selectivetradition
Newspapers: Socialcharacter
The Times, Sunday Papers, Dispatch, Chronicle
Dominant social character (Middle-class)
Literature Belief in the value of work
Dickens, Charlotte, Emily Bronte, Kingsley, Disraeli A class society (social status by actual status not by
birth)
Social history Sanctity of marriage
Establishment of a popular Sunday press
The growth of new kind of periodicals Alternative social characters (Aristocratic and
Development of minor theatres working class)
The rise of the music-halls 1940s
Technical changes InEngland
Steam printing
Rotary presses
Ink-blocking on cloth
Political history
Chartist movement Structure of feeling
Factory legislations Looks in novels and popular fictions
Success
Institutional developments Money
Beginings of public museums, libraries, parks etc Wealth
Love
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17. ID 501 – Advanced Project Development in Industrial Design
Thankyouforyourattention…
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28.02.2013