An intellectually honest us military commander
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The document discusses intellectual honesty and strategic failures in the US military leadership regarding the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. It notes that Generals McChrystal and Petraeus did not oppose the 2009-2012 surge in Afghanistan that led to high US casualties with no strategic advantage. A journalist described McChrystal as clueless about why the US was fighting in Helmand but launched an offensive there anyway. While 90% of US casualties were caused by Pakistani proxies, US commanders blamed Al-Qaeda and non-state Taliban groups instead of acknowledging Pakistani involvement. The document argues the surge was a failure with troops distributed without clear objectives. It praises General Dunford for his rare intellectual honesty in acknowledging Assad had strategic advantages in Syria
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Why us military system favours sycophancy and apple polishing
The document discusses a lack of intellectual honesty among US political and military leaders regarding the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. It notes that Generals McChrystal and Petraeus did not oppose the 2009-2012 surge in Afghanistan that led to high US casualties with no strategic gains. The document also states that 90% of US casualties in Afghanistan were caused by Pakistani proxies, but US commanders blamed Al Qaeda and Taliban for strategic purposes. It criticizes the surge as distributing troops without clear objectives. The document praises General Joseph Dunford as a rare example of intellectual honesty in the US military system.
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This document discusses the complex relationship between the media and the government during times of war. It provides several examples from different conflicts to illustrate how the media's role has changed over time and been influenced by the level of censorship and information control imposed by the government. While the media aims to act as a watchdog, it often relies too heavily on official sources, limiting its ability to independently question government policy. The document also analyzes how both the government and opposition parties seek to characterize media coverage and criticism of war policy as being unpatriotic or aiding the enemy.
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This document provides an overview of the book "Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower" by William Blum. It includes an author's foreword discussing how the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the US related to actions taken by the US globally. The foreword argues that the attacks were a form of retaliation for decades of US military, economic and political oppression in the Middle East. It also notes that US actions globally have created hatred and potential for terrorism in other regions like Latin America as well. The document then provides a table of contents, outlining 27 chapters that discuss various controversial US foreign policy actions and covert operations that have impacted other nations.
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The document provides an overview of geopolitical issues and trends, including:
1) The US withdrawal from Afghanistan weakened American credibility globally and empowered terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda and ISIS. China has continued its economic rise while America has spent trillions fighting terrorism and is politically divided.
2) Biden's withdrawal from Afghanistan was poorly planned and executed, undermining US leadership and alliances. Meanwhile, China has grown its economy and influence through initiatives like its Belt and Road initiative.
3) Several emerging powers like China, Vietnam, and Singapore have achieved economic success without Western-style democracy, relying instead on authoritarian or single-party rule, challenging the view that democracy is essential for development.
Political Humor
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Grant examined by a hostile author
1) Before the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant struggled financially and professionally but found success as a Union general, leading the North to victory over the Confederacy.
2) In 1981, historian William McFeely published a biography that challenged the prevailing view of Grant as a military genius, instead portraying him as vulgar, brutal, and undeserving of his fame.
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Why us military system favours sycophancy and apple polishing
The document discusses a lack of intellectual honesty among US political and military leaders regarding the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. It notes that Generals McChrystal and Petraeus did not oppose the 2009-2012 surge in Afghanistan that led to high US casualties with no strategic gains. The document also states that 90% of US casualties in Afghanistan were caused by Pakistani proxies, but US commanders blamed Al Qaeda and Taliban for strategic purposes. It criticizes the surge as distributing troops without clear objectives. The document praises General Joseph Dunford as a rare example of intellectual honesty in the US military system.
475 news coverage of war 2012 up
This document discusses the complex relationship between the media and the government during times of war. It provides several examples from different conflicts to illustrate how the media's role has changed over time and been influenced by the level of censorship and information control imposed by the government. While the media aims to act as a watchdog, it often relies too heavily on official sources, limiting its ability to independently question government policy. The document also analyzes how both the government and opposition parties seek to characterize media coverage and criticism of war policy as being unpatriotic or aiding the enemy.
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This document provides an overview of the book "Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower" by William Blum. It includes an author's foreword discussing how the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the US related to actions taken by the US globally. The foreword argues that the attacks were a form of retaliation for decades of US military, economic and political oppression in the Middle East. It also notes that US actions globally have created hatred and potential for terrorism in other regions like Latin America as well. The document then provides a table of contents, outlining 27 chapters that discuss various controversial US foreign policy actions and covert operations that have impacted other nations.
Us in afghanistan
These slides elucidates two aspects: one that which explains the reasons of US involvement in Afghanistan, with historical insight; while the other one portrays the major stakes of US in Afghanistan with respect to the emerging power politics of the world and the logic behind its pro-long presence since Post-Cold War.
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The document provides an overview of geopolitical issues and trends, including:
1) The US withdrawal from Afghanistan weakened American credibility globally and empowered terrorist groups like Al-Qaeda and ISIS. China has continued its economic rise while America has spent trillions fighting terrorism and is politically divided.
2) Biden's withdrawal from Afghanistan was poorly planned and executed, undermining US leadership and alliances. Meanwhile, China has grown its economy and influence through initiatives like its Belt and Road initiative.
3) Several emerging powers like China, Vietnam, and Singapore have achieved economic success without Western-style democracy, relying instead on authoritarian or single-party rule, challenging the view that democracy is essential for development.
Political Humor
This document provides examples of political humor used throughout history. It begins with Benjamin Franklin's 1754 political cartoon that brought visual imagery into American politics. More recently, shows like Saturday Night Live have used parody through characters like Tina Fey's Sarah Palin to poke fun at politicians. The document also explores how politicians like Ronald Reagan and Gerald Ford used self-deprecating humor in their campaigns. Overall, the document examines many ways humor has been used in politics to make points, relieve stress, and influence public opinion.
Grant examined by a hostile author
1) Before the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant struggled financially and professionally but found success as a Union general, leading the North to victory over the Confederacy.
2) In 1981, historian William McFeely published a biography that challenged the prevailing view of Grant as a military genius, instead portraying him as vulgar, brutal, and undeserving of his fame.
3) This view was criticized by later historians for being too subjective and inaccurate in its assessment of Grant's military record and character. Subsequent biographies presented a more balanced perspective of Grant's leadership as commander of the Union forces.
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The document appears to be a pre-test for a Civil War unit that asks students 6 multiple choice questions without access to their textbook or help from peers. It provides instructions to start a project at 12 noon and includes questions about the dates of the Civil War, names for the Union and Confederate sides, the winning side, European views of the war, important generals and battles. It also lists potential Civil War project topics for students to choose including advances in technology, famous generals, military life and POWs, the war in the South, the black and female experience.
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[Final] nstf report
The document discusses China as the top threat facing the United States. It outlines how China seeks to replace the U.S.-led international order with one led by China through its rapid economic growth fueled by intellectual property theft, political warfare, and increasing military capabilities. The document argues that the U.S. needs a new strategy to counter China's ambitions and protect American interests on the global stage.
Civil war challenge 2011 online
The document contains questions about various topics related to the American Civil War, including:
1) Questions about the Compromise of 1850, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the Dred Scott decision, and the election of 1860.
2) Questions about Confederate strategy, the border states, Lincoln issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, and why Lee turned north in 1863.
3) Questions asking to identify battles and generals based on clues, and topics like the Union and Confederate home fronts.
Just Which Pitch Did George Bush Throw - ver. 2 - 2013
George W. Bush is compared to a pitcher who used various pitches to justify invading Iraq, despite lacking evidence. The document analyzes Bush's rationales - the fastball of WMD claims, the curveball of Iraqi ties to Al Qaeda, and the changeup of "Mission Accomplished. It asserts Bush failed to locate Osama bin Laden and instead targeted Saddam Hussein. Overall, the document argues Bush mismanaged the war through strategic and intelligence failures.
473 berinsky in time of war 2015 up
The document discusses several empirical questions and theoretical perspectives related to public opinion and war. It begins by outlining some key empirical questions, such as explaining public support for or opposition to war and whether politics stops at the water's edge in foreign policy attitudes. It then discusses different theoretical perspectives on the public's role in war policy decisions and the constraints on various actors. The document also examines Berinsky's work on public opinion in wartime, noting its contributions in examining multiple wars using a single framework and testing theories with different data types. It discusses opinion leadership models and how people may respond directly to events or in a mediated fashion based on elite cues.
US History: Contemporary World
The document summarizes major events in the United States from 1991 to the present. It discusses the presidencies of Reagan, Bush Sr., Clinton, Bush Jr., and Obama. Key events covered include the Gulf War under Bush Sr., impeachment of President Clinton, the 9/11 terrorist attacks under Bush Jr., and military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq. It also mentions domestic issues like Reaganomics, the Moral Majority movement, and Clinton's attempted health care reform.
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Assignment 3
In this summary, the document analyzes a 2005 speech by former U.S. President George W. Bush given at Fort Bragg, NC to justify continuing the war in Iraq. The analysis finds that Bush's language employs linguistic mechanisms of coercion, dissimulation, and legitimization/delegitimization. Specifically, Bush uses vague terms like "freedom" and "radicalism" to portray the war as necessary for security. He also frequently distinguishes between "we" as the moral American people and "they" as the dehumanized, irrational enemy in order to garner patriotic support for the war and delegitimize resistance. The analysis concludes the speech reflects the American cultural context and effectively appeals to patriotic
Three Key Battles of 1863
The three key battles of 1863 were Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg. At Chancellorsville, the Confederates used effective tactics but lost their prominent general Stonewall Jackson. At Gettysburg, fierce fighting occurred over three days and resulted in a Union victory, though General Meade failed to pursue the retreating Confederates. Meanwhile, Grant's capture of Vicksburg on July 4th severed Confederate control of the Mississippi River, boosting the Union war effort.
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The CIA in Indonesia and the Secret War in Laos-Book Reviews
This document provides a summary of a book review for the book "Feet to the Fire-CIA Covert Operations in Indonesia-1957-58". In 3 sentences:
The book provides great detail on how the CIA covertly intervened in Indonesia's politics in the late 1950s to destabilize the Sukarno regime and support dissident officers, but it lacks strategic analysis of why the intervention ultimately failed. The reviewer argues the book is strong on operational details but weak on analyzing the strategic failures in Washington's assessment. Overall it is an in-depth look at CIA operations in Indonesia but could have provided more critical analysis of why the grand plan failed.
IED IN AFGHAN WAR AND IN PAKISTANS FATA WARr
IED IN AFGHAN WAR AND IN PAKISTANS FATA WAR
August 2021
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33990.60484
Project: Military History
Agha H AminAgha H Amin
Master's Thesis-The Long-Term Effects of U.S. Support for Sub-State Groups Du...
The document analyzes the long-term impacts of U.S. support for sub-state groups during counterinsurgencies by examining case studies from history. It discusses how the U.S. supported local militias in Iraq against ISIS but may weaken the Iraqi state and could cause instability after the conflict if groups pursue their own interests. The document also summarizes case studies of U.S. involvement in the Philippines, Afghanistan during the Soviet occupation, and post-9/11 Afghanistan to understand how military aid to sub-state groups has impacted stability with varying results.
USA and Pakistan misuse of religion in soviet afghan war led to GRAVE Strateg...
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Dr. Nadia Schadlow's book analyzes the importance of "governance operations" after combat to consolidate military victories. She argues that the US military, specifically the Army, has historically been effective at stabilizing territories and establishing governance but this ability has been neglected. When governance was done well in Germany, Japan, Italy and South Korea, it led to strategic success, but failures in Afghanistan and Iraq showed that without governance, victories cannot be sustained. Schadlow maintains that governance planning should be a major part of war planning and fall to the Army, but it has received little attention since the end of the Cold War.
How us drone contractors manipulate data
US drone strikes are being used to manipulate public opinion and fleece US taxpayers rather than strategically target threats. Contractors generate propaganda by posting images of drone strike victims on social media that are then spread by mainstream western outlets. However, many victims like the man in one poster had no role in attacks on US forces and were likely killed just to justify the lucrative drone program. Someday, US taxpayers should audit this dubious program under which drones attack minor targets while the real masterminds operate freely in Pakistan.
The CIA in Indonesia and the Secret War in Laos
This document provides a review of two books about covert CIA operations: one on operations in Indonesia in the 1950s, and one on operations against North Vietnam. The reviewer critiques the books for their lack of analysis of strategic failures by US leaders and decision-makers. They argue the books provide great operational details but fail to adequately assess why the larger covert campaigns ultimately failed due to lack of resolve by the US to destroy its adversaries. The reviewer draws parallels to later US failures in Afghanistan, arguing the same lack of strategic resolve and unwillingness to use unrestrained violence against enemies of the state undermined efforts.
Read Case Study 5.1. Answer Questions 1, 2, and 3 at the end of Ca.docx
Read Case Study 5.1. Answer Questions 1, 2, and 3 at the end of Case Study 5.1.
Each question should be answered in an essay format of approximately 300 words. Ensure your paper answers the questions and uses concepts studied in the module and from the reading. Support your answers with personal experiences, current events, and references to the reading.
Use the library to locate four to six scholarly sources to support your analysis.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines.
This work has to be 100% original turnitin will be use
From the start of the U.S. invasion of Iraq in March 2003, a small group of American officers thought the plan for prosecuting the war was counterproductive and that, with a better plan, the war still might be won. These officers believed that the U.S. military had forgotten the experiences of Vietnam and had been training for something resembling World War II—not counterinsurgency warfare or low-intensity warfare. The generals never expected to fight a guerrilla insurgency in Iraq; and once it began, they concentrated almost entirely on killing and capturing as many insurgents as possible. So, villages were surrounded, doors kicked down, and scores of suspects apprehended. These practices alienated Iraqi civilians and produced new recruits for the insurgency.
By the summer of 2006, Iraq was in a state of anarchy. In Baghdad, 50 people were being kidnapped every day, often by the police. Increasingly, the kidnappers’ targets were children, fewer and fewer of whom were being allowed by their parents to venture outside. Once snatched, the victims were typically offered for sale to one of the many kidnapping gangs. The violence in Iraq was not random but had specific purposes and specific causes. Al Qaeda sought to start a full-scale sectarian war between the Sunnis and Shiites, believing such a war was their only hope of victory. To this end, that terrorist
group unleashed suicidal attacks on Shiite civilians, hoping to provoke a backlash and a wider conflict. Indeed, Al Qaeda was increasingly taking over all of Sunni society.
In the first two years of the war, the country’s Shiite leadership had held its fire in the face of the Sunni onslaught. Then came the elections in December 2005 that brought to power a Shiite dominated government. Now, Iraq’s new leaders were determined to crush the Sunni insurrection at any cost. Police and paramilitary units were turned loose in the Sunni neighborhoods, where they began massacring military-age men. In the face of all this, the Americans decided to back away. From the summer of 2004 onward,
The objective of the American strategy was less the defeat of the Sunni insurrection than the training and equipping of Iraqis to fight it for them. “As they stand up, we will stand down,” President Bush was fond of saying. Iraq security forces had grown in quantity if not in quality and were taking over larger and larger pieces of the war. It was difficult in the summer of 2 ...
The U.S. Military Industrial Complex: A Diagrammatic Representation
This document provides an overview of President Eisenhower's concept of the "military industrial complex" and how it has grown significantly since his warning. It describes the military industrial complex as a conglomerate of weapons manufacturers, suppliers, and intelligence agencies that influence policy and budget priorities through political lobbying. While initially dismissed, Eisenhower's warning has become increasingly relevant as the complex continues expanding and influencing foreign policy decisions and budgets, to the detriment of domestic priorities and quality of life. The document also discusses how U.S. militarism and interventions abroad have negatively impacted people in other countries and can result in "blowback" such as terrorist attacks on U.S. soil.
Presidential Fight Club: If All 44 Presidents Fought Each Other One-On-One, W...
Historians love to argue over which president was the best. They rank them in such qualities as public persuasion, crisis leadership, moral authority, and administrative skills.
But an arguably much more important quality is a president’s fighting ability. How well could a president beat up another president? If there were, say, a tournament in which all 44 of them fought each other one-on-one, who would win?
To settle the issue once and for all, we charter the fighting abilities of all 44 presidents. Their skills are based on height, weight, military experience, and special abilities (boxing training, pain tolerance, psychological manipulation, etc.)
The war began with only 1 casualty
The document summarizes the strategic mistakes made by US leadership during the war in Afghanistan. It argues that the US failed to understand the real nature and location of threats. Specifically:
- The war began with minimal casualties but was not a "grand and glorious operation" as claimed.
- The US wrongly assessed Pakistan's FATA region as the center of terrorism, while the Taliban found safe haven in Pakistan's Balochistan region.
- Thousands of families on all sides suffered due to the war, which the author argues was due to avoidable incompetence by US political and military leaders.
- The US perceptual failure was thinking they faced only non-state actors like the Taliban and Al-Qaeda
Doe 1 Jane Doe Professor Crawford English 101 .docx
Doe 1
Jane Doe
Professor Crawford
English 101
08 December 2017
Eisenhower: An American Hero
One of the most well-known American heroes of World War II was Dwight D.
Eisenhower. He was a brilliant general and diplomat, possessing enough tact to keep the Allies
united and ultimately win World War II. He also served as President of the United States,
bringing peace to the nation. His autobiography was a best seller, partly because of his good
writing skills. No one is perfect, and he was no exception, but Eisenhower served his country
with everything he had, and America would not be the same without him. Eisenhower is
remembered as an important figure in U.S. history because of his military career, presidency, and
writing.
First, Eisenhower had a very long and successful military career. According to historian
Stephen Ambrose, "He was the most successful general of the greatest war ever fought" (p ar 45).
Despite having never experienced combat, he was named Supreme Allied Commander in 1942.
He was known for being a great diplomat, a trait that served him well as he had to negotiate a
successful working relationship with generals from many different countries with many different
personalities. Ultimately, every campaign he was in charge of was a success. The war was won,
and a part of that is due to Eisenhower's military career and leadership.
Secondly, Dwight D. Eisenhower was a great president. In 1953, he was inaugurated as
the 34th President of the United States. He was good at nearly everything he undertook, and
being president was no different. For example, "Eisenhower was able to inspire considerable
Doe 2
trust and confidence, and to help stabilize and calm the country" (Gilbert 1). He accomplished
many important things during his term, such as balancing the budget, keeping the country out of
war, and enacting legislation for interstate highways. His presidency went so well he was elected
to serve a second term despite worsening health. Eisenhower is well remembered as a president,
and justly so.
Lastly, Eisenhower was a good writer. He was known as being very good at writing
reports during his Army days, and he graduated first in his class from the prestigious Army War
College. He ghostwrote a booklet on battle monuments that had General Pershing’s name as the
author. Eisenhower retired from the U.S. Army in 1948 to focus on writing. Soon the memoir he
had written, Crusade in Europe, about his time as Supreme Allied Commander, became a
bestseller (Boyle 12). The book is a fascinating look into the mind of the man who made some
very important decisions during World War II.
For all of these reasons, Dwight D. Eisenhower deserves to be remembered as an
American hero and an important historical figure. He was a general, president, and writer.
Granted, the United States has had a plethora of writers, many generals, and a handful of
presidents, but Eise ...
The Office of United States PresidentComment by Exploring Series.docx
The Office of United States President Comment by Exploring Series: Except for these two heading lines, this document should be double-spaced.
Facts and Trivia
The long list of men who have served as president of the United States includes a wide variety of backgrounds, ages, educational attainments, and service. Each man in the top spot contributed in his own way—some were more popular than others. “The times make the president” is a true statement, alluding to the fact that the economy and world events often shape the public perception of the sitting president. Poor economic times are often blamed on a president who is unable to effect a turn of economic tide quickly enough to satisfy a populace weary of struggling monetarily. War is never popular; however, in many cases a war has actually made a president more popular than he would have been if left to his own devices. For example, Franklin Roosevelt’s performance during World War II made him a wildly popular president. On the other hand, Lyndon Johnson bore much of the brunt of the extremely unpopular conflict in Vietnam. His presidency suffered as a result, overshadowing even his immense strides in the area of civil rights. No matter how talented or likeable is the man who is elected president of the United States, his popularity is in large part determined by the times. Were a woman elected, her lot would most likely be no different.
The Most Influential Presidents Comment by Exploring Series [2]: Even though it is not characteristic of MLA style, please format this and the Presidential Trivia heading in Heading 1 style.
If several people were assigned the task of developing a list of the most influential presidents of the United States, each list would no doubt be different. That is because there is no succinct set of determining factors. What is important to one person might not be quite so monumental to another. Even so, several of the following ten presidents would most likely appear on most lists. These presidents served during times of national crisis, which proved the mettle of each man.
Abraham Lincoln served as the 16th president during the American Civil War. His election was a precursor to the Civil War, as southern states viewed the election as a threat to their way of life. His leadership during the devastating national conflict was one of unswerving devotion to cause. His actions not only preserved the union, but led to the abolition of slavery. Although he had planned for a smooth and compassionate reuniting of the wayward states after the war was over, he was not able to see his plans through. He was assassinated in April 1865, an act that plunged the country into a dark period of reconstruction.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) won four terms as president, making him the only president to serve more than eight consecutive years. Since his presidency, the office of President of the United States is limited to no more than two consecutive terms. His influence had a large ...
Similar to An intellectually honest us military commander (14)
Read Case Study 5.1. Answer Questions 1, 2, and 3 at the end of Ca.docx
Read Case Study 5.1. Answer Questions 1, 2, and 3 at the end of Ca.docx
The U.S. Military Industrial Complex: A Diagrammatic Representation
The U.S. Military Industrial Complex: A Diagrammatic Representation
Presidential Fight Club: If All 44 Presidents Fought Each Other One-On-One, W...
Presidential Fight Club: If All 44 Presidents Fought Each Other One-On-One, W...
Doe 1 Jane Doe Professor Crawford English 101 .docx
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The Office of United States PresidentComment by Exploring Series.docx
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More from Agha A
17 Punjab and 43 Baluch in 1971 war
The document discusses the roles of Punjab and Baluch regiments in the 1971 war. It was published on September 2023 with a DOI number and was written by Agha H Amin.
BATTLE OF PANDU
Major Agha H. Amin was commissioned in the old PAVO Cavalry in 1983. He served in various command, staff, research, logistics and instructional positions over his military career. In his civilian career, he performed projects in infrastructure and transmission lines in Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan. He has authored over 120 books and journals on military topics. The document goes on to describe a battle of Pandu fought by the 4/10 Baluch battalion against India in the 1947-48 Kashmir war, and criticizes the omission of accurate accounts of the battle from official Pakistani military histories.
Battles of Najafgarh , Gangiri and Delhi Ridge
- The 6th Dragoon Guards regiment arrived in Bengal, India from England in November 1856 and was stationed in Meerut at the time of the 1857 rebellion.
- During the rebellion, the regiment saw action at Ghaziabad, Badli Ki Serai, Delhi, and helped destroy a rebel battery at Eidgah with no reported casualties.
- It lost a few men at the battles of Ghaziabad, Badli Ki Serai, and in minor actions in July 1857 but overall emerged from the rebellion relatively lightly compared to other British units.
- However, the limited historical sources available in Pakistan make it difficult for researchers there to find all details on the regiment's role and casualties during
10 Punjab in 1965 war
The battalion was part of an infantry brigade deployed at Sulaimanke Headworks during the 1965 war with India. It saw little serious action as it primarily engaged Indian border police posts that were no match for regular Pakistani army battalions. The battalion suffered only 3 fatal casualties for the entire war, showing it faced little militarily credible opposition. While the battalion performed well, it must be remembered that it faced inferior Indian border police rather than other army units.
9 punjab in 1965 war
This document summarizes the performance of the 9 Punjab battalion during the 1965 war with India. The battalion was part of the 12th Division of the Pakistan Army and was tasked with capturing the town of Chhamb. Despite having significant superiority in tanks and artillery, the 12th Division failed to cross the Tawi River on the first day. The 9th Punjab battalion suffered 15 killed and 31 wounded but managed to form a bridgehead across the Tawi. After the war, the battalion was praised for its performance and received several awards, though its strategic impact was limited due to the overall failure of Operation Grand Slam.
8 Punjab in 1965 war
The battalion was deployed as a guard battalion but parts saw action in 1965 war including C Company commanded by Major Anis. C Company withdrew from its position exposing the rear of 16 Punjab to Indian attack, effectively sealing 16 Punjab's fate. C Company's withdrawal doomed 16 Punjab and was described as cowardly and the cause of 16 Punjab's debacle. While most of 8 Punjab saw no action, C Company under Major Anis performed poorly and was to blame for 16 Punjab's defeat.
7 Punjab in 1965 war
1) The battalion was deployed as part of 11 Division along the Ravi-Sutlej Corridor according to maps.
2) The battalion faced a brigade-level attack from the Indian army using three infantry battalions and a tank squadron.
3) A captain from the Pakistani artillery played a crucial role by engaging the attacking forces with 60 medium shells, repulsing the Indian attack.
6 Punjab in 1965 war
The battalion was deployed in September 1965 as part of Operation Grand Slam, relieving the 13th Punjab battalion near Dalpat-Chak Kirpal. According to Brigadier Rizvi, the battalion attacked towards Fatwal along with 13 Lancers, advancing up to 6 miles near Kasur and suffering 9 killed and 21 wounded. However, records list the battalion as losing either 9, 11, or 10 killed. The battalion had little impact as it joined the war late when the focus had shifted, and did not receive any awards despite actions in the Rann of Kutch prior to the war.
NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT IN 1857-59 BATTLES
This document provides biographical and career details of Major Agha.H.Amin, who was commissioned in the old PAVO Cavalry in March 1983. It discusses his education, various military and civilian positions held over his career, publications authored, and contact information. The document also briefly describes a study aid about British infantry battalions that participated in the battles of 1857-59 in India, including their roles, operations, casualties, and contributions to the outcome of the war.
2 PUNJAB IN 1965 WAR
The 2nd Battalion of the Punjab Regiment fought in the 1965 war against India. While it received several gallantry awards, the document argues that its role was exaggerated and it did not actually face most of the major Indian attacks. Only one company saw direct fighting on the first day, and it dispersed against heavy odds. The battalion was deployed away from the main sites of battle and did not face significant enemy forces apart from this initial engagement. Its impact on the decisive Battle of Chawinda was marginal.
HM 8TH FOOT AT DELHI AND LUCKNOW
This document provides information about Major Agha.H.Amin, including his military and civilian career experiences. It notes that he was commissioned in the old PAVO Cavalry in March 1983, attended Saint Marys Academy Lalazar and Forman Christian College Lahore, and served in various command, staff, research, logistics and instructional positions in the military. It also lists some of his civilian career projects and publications. The document provides his contact email addresses.
1ST BATTALION WARWICKSHIRE REGIMENT IN 1857-59 BATTLES.pdf
- 1st Battalion HM 8th Foot was stationed in India when the 1857 rebellion broke out. It was involved in securing areas around Delhi.
- At the siege of Delhi in September 1857, it suffered 46 of its total 57 fatal casualties and played a marginal role in the assault.
- Overall it saw minor action in other battles, with limited casualties. The majority of its casualties occurred at the decisive battle of Delhi.
Northumberland Fusiliers in 1857-59 Battles.pdf
The 1st Battalion of the 5th Regiment of Foot (Northumberland Fusiliers) was stationed in Mauritius when it was called to reinforce British forces in India during the 1857 uprising. The battalion arrived in Calcutta in July and August 1857. It participated in key battles including relieving Arrah where it suffered two casualties, the first relief of Lucknow where it suffered heavy losses and helped ensure the relief's success, the defense of the Lucknow garrison, and operations through 1858. The battalion performed outstandingly and suffered high casualties of 62 men, including five officers killed in action, primarily during the relief of Lucknow. Its role was pivotal in some of the major battles, but relatively minor in others
43 BALUCH IN 1971 AND INDIAN OFFICER WHO SAW THEM
1) The document analyzes the performance of the 43rd Baluch battalion in the 1971 war, which suffered heavy casualties after being poorly employed by incompetent commanders in the 88th Brigade.
2) When the 5th East Bengal battalion defected to the Indian side, the 43rd Baluch battalion was brought in to replace it, even though they were inexperienced and unprepared for the situation.
3) In an attack by Indian forces guided by defectors, the 43rd Baluch battalion suffered the highest fatalities of any battalion on the western front due to being put into a vulnerable position by the failed leadership of the 88th Brigade commander and 10th Division commander.
Battle of Gangiri-Heavy Price paid by HM 6 Dragoon Guards for Gallantry
Battle of Gangiri-Heavy Price paid by HM 6 Dragoon Guards for Gallantry https://www.academia.edu/52632772/Battle_of_Gangiri_Heavy_Price_paid_by_HM_6_Dragoon_Guards_for_Gallantry via @academia
4th Punjab Infantry now 9 FF Pakistan Army and 42 Highlanders led the Final ...
The 4th Punjab Infantry battalion arrived in Calcutta in November 1857, meaning it missed the decisive battles of the war, including the siege of Delhi and the relief and evacuation of Lucknow. The battalion's participation in the battle of Cawnpore was minimal and it suffered no casualties. The battalion played a significant role in the final assault on Lucknow in March 1858, leading the assault on Martiniere with the 4th Punjab Infantry while the 42nd Highlanders and 90th Foot attacked frontally. The British enjoyed overwhelming artillery superiority, evidenced by the 42nd Highlanders suffering only 10 fatal casualties over 10 days of operations culminating in the final capture of Lucknow.
Leading Tank Squadron commander of 1965 war dismissed the myth that Major Gen...
Leading Tank Squadron commander of 1965 war dismissed the myth that Major General Sahibzada Yaqub Ali Khan was a great commander
WHY PAKISTAN ARMY OR INDIAN ARMY CAN NEVER PRODUCE A MUSTAFA KAMAL- SOMETHING...
WHY PAKISTAN ARMY OR INDIAN ARMY CAN NEVER PRODUCE A MUSTAFA KAMAL- SOMETHING SERIOUSLY WRONG IN THE GENES
April 2020
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.20723.27689
Project: MILITARY HISTORY
Agha H Amin
TRIMMU GHAT
THE MICKEY MOUSE TIFF AT TRIMMU GHAT – THE HEAVILY OUTGUNNED SIALKOT REBELS ARE DESTROYED AT TRIMMU GHAT ON 12TH JULY 1857–MARCH OF PUNJAB MOVABLE COLUMN COMRISING BOURCHIERS BATTERY , DAWES HORSE ARTILLERY TROOP , 3RD PUNJAB INFANTRY , 6TH PUNJAB INFANTRY, HM 52 LIGHT INFANTRY
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NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT IN 1857-59 BATTLES
NORTH LINCOLNSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT IN 1857-59 BATTLES
1ST BATTALION WARWICKSHIRE REGIMENT IN 1857-59 BATTLES.pdf
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4th Punjab Infantry now 9 FF Pakistan Army and 42 Highlanders led the Final ...
4th Punjab Infantry now 9 FF Pakistan Army and 42 Highlanders led the Final ...
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一比一原版(lbs毕业证书)伦敦商学院毕业证如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(lbs毕业证书)伦敦商学院毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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办理(lbs毕业证书)伦敦商学院毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(lbs毕业证书)伦敦商学院毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(lbs毕业证书)伦敦商学院毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(lbs毕业证书)伦敦商学院毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
一比一原版卡尔加里大学毕业证（uc毕业证）如何办理
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【卡尔加里大学毕业证（uc毕业证）成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理卡尔加里大学毕业证（uc毕业证）【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理卡尔加里大学毕业证（uc毕业证）【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理卡尔加里大学毕业证（uc毕业证）【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理卡尔加里大学毕业证（uc毕业证）【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024
We describe how we achieve high change agility in data engineering by eliminating the fear of breaking downstream data pipelines through end-to-end pipeline testing, and by using schema metaprogramming to safely eliminate boilerplate involved in changes that affect whole pipelines.
A quick poll on agility in changing pipelines from end to end indicated a huge span in capabilities. For the question "How long time does it take for all downstream pipelines to be adapted to an upstream change," the median response was 6 months, but some respondents could do it in less than a day. When quantitative data engineering differences between the best and worst are measured, the span is often 100x-1000x, sometimes even more.
A long time ago, we suffered at Spotify from fear of changing pipelines due to not knowing what the impact might be downstream. We made plans for a technical solution to test pipelines end-to-end to mitigate that fear, but the effort failed for cultural reasons. We eventually solved this challenge, but in a different context. In this presentation we will describe how we test full pipelines effectively by manipulating workflow orchestration, which enables us to make changes in pipelines without fear of breaking downstream.
Making schema changes that affect many jobs also involves a lot of toil and boilerplate. Using schema-on-read mitigates some of it, but has drawbacks since it makes it more difficult to detect errors early. We will describe how we have rejected this tradeoff by applying schema metaprogramming, eliminating boilerplate but keeping the protection of static typing, thereby further improving agility to quickly modify data pipelines without fear.
一比一原版(GWU,GW文凭证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
毕业原版【微信:176555708】【(GWU,GW毕业证书)乔治·华盛顿大学毕业证】【微信:176555708】成绩单、外壳、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
原版一比一爱尔兰都柏林大学毕业证(UCD毕业证书)如何办理
原版制作【微信:41543339】【爱尔兰都柏林大学毕业证(UCD毕业证书)】【微信:41543339】《成绩单、外壳、雅思、offer、真实留信官方学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路）我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信41543339】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信41543339】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
原版制作(unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证Offer一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Beyond the Basics of A/B Tests: Highly Innovative Experimentation Tactics You...
This webinar will explore cutting-edge, less familiar but powerful experimentation methodologies which address well-known limitations of standard A/B Testing. Designed for data and product leaders, this session aims to inspire the embrace of innovative approaches and provide insights into the frontiers of experimentation!
一比一原版(UMN文凭证书)明尼苏达大学毕业证如何办理
毕业原版【微信:176555708】【(UMN毕业证书)明尼苏达大学毕业证】【微信:176555708】成绩单、外壳、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024
Postgres is the most advanced open-source database in the world and it's supported by a community, not a single company. So how does this work? How does code actually get into Postgres? I recently had a patch submitted and committed and I want to share what I learned in that process. I’ll give you an overview of Postgres versions and how the underlying project codebase functions. I’ll also show you the process for submitting a patch and getting that tested and committed.
一比一原版(UCSB文凭证书)圣芭芭拉分校毕业证如何办理
毕业原版【微信:176555708】【(UCSB毕业证书)圣芭芭拉分校毕业证】【微信:176555708】成绩单、外壳、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
一比一原版(harvard毕业证书）哈佛大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：A575476】【(harvard毕业证书）哈佛大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
一比一原版(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证如何办理
原版制作【微信:41543339】【(Unimelb毕业证书)墨尔本大学毕业证】【微信:41543339】《成绩单、外壳、雅思、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同进口机器一比一制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信41543339】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信41543339】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
一比一原版(Sheffield毕业证书)谢菲尔德大学毕业证如何办理
原版制作【微信:41543339】【(Sheffield毕业证书)谢菲尔德大学毕业证】【微信:41543339】《成绩单、外壳、雅思、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档/真实可查）》采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器一制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信41543339】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信41543339】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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An intellectually honest us military commander
- 2. Military and Security Review (An Intellectually Honest US Military Commander) Paperback – November 4, 2015 by Agha Humayun Amin (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Military- Security-Review-Intellectual- Commander/dp/1519103808 Military and Security Review (An Intellectual Honest US Military Commander) Paperback – November 4, 2015 by Agha Humayun Amin (Author)
- 3. Notably in Afghanistan both Generals Mc Chrystal and Petraeus made no effort to oppose the senseless 2009-12 surge that led to high US casualties and led to no operational or strategic advantage for the US. On page 79 of his book US journalist Michael Hastings described Mc Chrystals intellectual dishonesty as below. Hastings stated that Mc Chrystal was clueless about why US is fighting in
- 4. Helmand but soon launches a major offensive there which costs many US casualties. The lack of moral courage in the US political and military leadership may be imagined from the fact that while 90 % US military casualties were inflicted by Pakistani state proxies the US commanders still blamed Al Qaeda and some non state Taliban as the real enemies. This was tactically convenient and strategically counterproductive but no US leader political or military possessed the courage to face the fact that it was the Pakistani state and not non state actors that were the cause of
- 5. their problems. The surge of 2009-2012 was the worst example of this classic strategic deception where US troops were distributed in penny packets on a platter to Pakistani proxies to be sacrificed for no tangible or precise military objective. Long ago a great military thinker , perhaps worlds greatest described this particularly malady that afflicts the US political and military soul at the highest level. Sir B.H Liddell Hart in his magnum bonum “ Strategy the Indirect Approach” thus stated :-- “common fault of leaders—that of sacrificing the truth to expediency
- 6. without ultimnate advantage to the cause.For whoever habitually suppresses the truth in the interest of tact will produce a deformity from the womb of his thought.” Hastings described such a deformed creature that US military system produced , on page 346 of his book he quotes Admiral William Fallon less delicately describing Petraeus as An ass kissing little chicken shit ! But note that this character was selected as DCIA also ! A 2012 US war narrative by eminent US journalist Michael Hastings describes US Armys failures in intellectual honesty at the
- 7. highest level in his book “ The Operators” which may have possibly led to Hastings abrupt and unnatural death. Hastings on page 7 of his above mentioned book describes General Casey as one who “ oversaw Iraqs complete spiral to shit and didn’t stop it,didn’t adapt”. Hasting goes on and describes Genearl Mc Kiernan as an upright man who does not suck up enough when congressmen visit frontlines and does not have a deep fan base in the media. Hastings thus ascribed Mc Kiernans downfall to the fact that he was not a sucker and thus had
- 8. few supporters in media and US government. What a sad description of a great super powers armys higher leadership and the success standards set for them by US politicians. In this climate of total sycophancy and apple polishing General Joseph F Dunford. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff stands out as a lone but solid rock of highest integrity in an endless and bottomless sea of mediocrity known as United States Military system. Dunford dared to state the truth about Syrian Faux pas of US political leadership in the US senate. In recent senate hearings
- 9. General Joseph F Dunford. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff told the Senate Armed Services Committee this week: “The balance of forces right now are in Assad’s advantage”. It may sound harmless but those who know the US system will realize that Dunford is a man of immense guts in saying what he did. Let us hope that Dunfords intellectual honesty is institutionalized in the US Army.